Preface |
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xix | |
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Chapter 1 The System of Government and the Litigation Process in the United States |
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7 | (22) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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C The Constitutionally Created Three Branches of Government |
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2 | (2) |
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D A Dual Court System: Federal and State |
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4 | (7) |
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1 The federal court system |
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5 | (4) |
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9 | (2) |
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E An Overview of the Litigation Process |
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11 | (18) |
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11 | (1) |
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2 Assessing the law and a course of action |
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12 | (1) |
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3 Alternative dispute resolution |
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12 | (1) |
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4 Formal litigation in the U.S. civil court system |
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13 | (16) |
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Chapter 2 The Common Law in the United States |
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29 | (10) |
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A What Is the Common Law, and Why Does It Matter? |
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29 | (1) |
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B The Judicial Doctrine of Stare Decisis |
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30 | (4) |
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30 | (3) |
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33 | (1) |
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C The Evolving Common Law |
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34 | (5) |
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1 Creating and developing the common law |
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34 | (1) |
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2 The interaction between the common law and other forms of law |
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35 | (2) |
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37 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 The U.S. Legal Education System: Studying the Law and Briefing Cases |
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39 | (26) |
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A Why We Study Cases to Learn the Law |
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39 | (3) |
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B Preparing a Case Brief for Class |
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42 | (3) |
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C The Basic Sections of a Case Brief with One Issue |
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45 | (8) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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3 Procedural History (PH) |
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47 | (1) |
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4 Statement of the Substantive and Procedural Issues |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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7 Relevant Rules/Legal Principles Applied in the Case |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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9 Concurrence and Dissent |
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52 | (1) |
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10 Personal Comments/Reactions |
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53 | (1) |
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D Briefing a Case with Multiple Issues |
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53 | (2) |
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E Additional Case Briefing Review |
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55 | (5) |
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60 | (1) |
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G Class Participation: The Socratic Method |
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61 | (2) |
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H Abbreviations in Note Taking |
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63 | (1) |
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I Keeping Track of Legal Terminology |
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63 | (2) |
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Chapter 4 The Legal Writing Process |
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65 | (14) |
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65 | (5) |
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1 The importance of legal writing |
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66 | (3) |
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2 Your responsibility as a legal writer |
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69 | (1) |
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B The Legal Writing Process from Task to Deadline |
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70 | (3) |
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C The General Writing Process from Task to Deadline |
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73 | (6) |
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1 Considerations when beginning to write |
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73 | (1) |
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2 The creative and critical stages in the writing process |
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74 | (5) |
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Chapter 5 The U.S. Concept of Plagiarism and Proper Attribution to Authority |
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79 | (12) |
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A Introduction: The U.S. View of Proper Attribution |
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79 | (3) |
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79 | (1) |
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2 The importance of avoiding plagiarism |
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80 | (1) |
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3 Intentional or not, plagiarism jeopardizes careers |
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80 | (1) |
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4 "Common knowledge" exception |
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81 | (1) |
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B Ways to Avoid Plagiarism |
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82 | (1) |
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1 Accurate and thorough researching |
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82 | (1) |
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2 Special consideration for information found on the Internet |
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82 | (1) |
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3 Appropriate management of time |
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83 | (1) |
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C Components of Appropriate Attribution |
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83 | (1) |
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D Quoting, Summarizing, and Paraphrasing |
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84 | (7) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (4) |
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Chapter 6 Writing an Objective Discussion of an Office Memorandum Based on a Single Fact-Based Issue, Using Only One Case |
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91 | (34) |
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A Introduction to the Office Memorandum |
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91 | (1) |
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B Learning the Client's Facts |
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92 | (2) |
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C Analyzing the Facts and Collecting the Law |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (4) |
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E Organizing the Law for the Discussion Section |
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99 | (1) |
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F Analyzing and Applying the Law to the Client's Facts |
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99 | (5) |
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G Structuring an Objective Legal Analysis Based on a Single Issue and a Single Case |
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104 | (1) |
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H CREAC as a Structural Checklist |
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105 | (20) |
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1 C of CREAC: The predicted conclusion |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (2) |
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3 E of CREAC: Explaining the key components of a court opinion |
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108 | (3) |
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4 The A of CREAC: Providing an objective analysis for a fact-based issue |
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111 | (5) |
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5 The final CofCREAC: Writing the conclusion |
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116 | (1) |
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6 Putting it all together |
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117 | (8) |
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Chapter 7 Analyzing the Law: Using Multiple Cases in Analyzing a Single Issue |
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125 | (26) |
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125 | (4) |
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B Analyzing the Law: Briefing the Cases |
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129 | (2) |
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C Organizing the Law Using More than One Case and Applying It to the Client's Case |
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131 | (2) |
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1 Choosing which cases provide any rules and definitions relevant to the client's case |
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131 | (2) |
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2 Choosing which cases best explain how the relevant rules have been applied to facts in prior cases (rule explanations) |
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133 | (3) |
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3 Choosing which cases are most helpful in supporting each party's position when applying the law to the facts of the case in the analysis |
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136 | (4) |
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4 Based on the choice of cases in #1, #2, and #3, above, choosing where to best explain the cases so they will be most helpful to the reader |
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140 | (11) |
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Chapter 8 Synthesizing a Single Rule from Multiple Cases |
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151 | (12) |
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151 | (1) |
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B Example of Synthesizing Three Case Holdings into a Single Rule |
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151 | (12) |
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Chapter 9 Beyond the Single CREAC: Structuring a Discussion of a Legal Issue Based on Its Applicable Test |
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163 | (12) |
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163 | (1) |
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B Structuring an Elements Test |
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164 | (2) |
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C Structuring a Factors Test |
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166 | (2) |
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D Structuring a Balancing Test |
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168 | (1) |
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E Structuring a Shifting Burdens of Proof Test |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (5) |
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Chapter 10 Analyzing the Law: Using Multiple Cases in Analyzing Multiple Issues |
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175 | (18) |
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175 | (2) |
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B Using Multiple Cases to Analyze Multiple Legal Issues |
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177 | (3) |
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C Including Case Explanations Where They Are Most Helpful |
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180 | (1) |
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D Creating a Fact Chart When Analyzing a Fact - Based Issue |
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181 | (1) |
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E Preparing the Support for Each Party |
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182 | (1) |
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F Establishing the Basic Structure When Addressing Multiple Issues |
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182 | (1) |
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G Providing Roadmaps When Addressing Multiple Issues |
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183 | (1) |
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H Addressing Requirements Not in Dispute |
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184 | (1) |
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I Setting the Final Structure of the Document |
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185 | (8) |
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Chapter 11 Using Policy to Support a Legal Analysis |
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193 | (6) |
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A Public Policy Generally |
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193 | (1) |
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B Public Policy Reflected in the Law |
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194 | (1) |
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C How Public Policy Affects Court Decisions |
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194 | (1) |
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D How Lawyers Use Public Policy |
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195 | (4) |
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Chapter 12 An Introduction to Statutory Interpretation and Analysis of a Law-Based Issue |
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199 | (26) |
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199 | (1) |
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B Why Is Statutory Interpretation Necessary? |
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What Is the Role of Courts in Interpreting Statutes? |
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200 | (1) |
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C Tools of Statutory Interpretation |
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201 | (4) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
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D Theories of Statutory Interpretation |
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205 | (3) |
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E Writing an Objective Analysis of a Law-Based Issue Involving Statutory Interpretation |
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208 | (9) |
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208 | (2) |
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2 Structuring an objective legal analysis of a statutory interpretation issue |
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210 | (7) |
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E Overview: An Objective Analysis of a Law-Based Issue Addressing Alternative |
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217 | (2) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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G Organizing a Document That Addresses Both a Law-Based Issue and a Fact-Based Issue |
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223 | (2) |
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Chapter 13 Beyond the Objective Discussion of a Legal Issue: Other Elements of the Office Memorandum |
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225 | (14) |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (6) |
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1 Writing a single, fact-based question |
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226 | (2) |
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2 Writing a single law-based question |
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228 | (1) |
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3 Writing multiple questions |
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229 | (3) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (4) |
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Chapter 14 Writing Letters and Electronic Communications |
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239 | (30) |
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239 | (1) |
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B Writing Letters to Clients |
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240 | (12) |
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240 | (1) |
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2 The tone and the audience |
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241 | (1) |
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3 What to include in a client letter |
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241 | (9) |
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250 | (2) |
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252 | (4) |
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1 Purpose, audience, and tone |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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3 What to include in a demand letter |
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253 | (3) |
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256 | (6) |
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1 To email or not to email? Consider the message |
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257 | (1) |
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2 Guidelines when using email communications as a professional tool |
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258 | (4) |
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262 | (7) |
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1 Threshold considerations when writing e-memos |
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262 | (1) |
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2 Guidance on writing the e-memo |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (5) |
Glossary |
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269 | (16) |
Index |
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285 | |