Preface |
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xi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xiv | |
Abbreviations |
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xv | |
Glossary |
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xvi | |
About the Companion Website |
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xxvii | |
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1 Arabic: An Insider's Perspective |
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1 | (14) |
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1.1 My Experience with Arabic |
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4 | (6) |
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1.2 My Experience with Other Languages |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (3) |
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13 | (2) |
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PART I Arabic Sounds and Sound Systems |
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15 | (104) |
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2 Speech Sounds: An Overview |
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17 | (11) |
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2.1 Production of Speech Sounds |
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18 | (3) |
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2.2 The International Phonetic Alphabet |
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21 | (2) |
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2.3 The Arabic Writing System |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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3 Arabic Consonants and Vowels |
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28 | (41) |
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3.1 Modern Standard Arabic Consonants |
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28 | (24) |
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3.1.1 Place of Articulation |
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29 | (1) |
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3.1.1.1 Bilabial Consonants |
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29 | (3) |
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3.1.1.2 Labiodental Consonants |
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32 | (1) |
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3.1.1.3 Interdental Consonants |
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33 | (1) |
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3.1.1.4 Alveolar Consonants |
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34 | (2) |
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3.1.1.5 Palatal Consonants |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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3.1.1.7 Uvular Consonants |
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38 | (1) |
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3.1.1.8 Pharyngeal Consonants |
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39 | (1) |
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3.1.1.9 Glottal Consonants |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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3.1.3 Manner of Articulation |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (4) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (2) |
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3.2 Modern Standard Arabic Vowels |
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52 | (4) |
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3.3 Modern Standard Arabic Sounds: Putting it all Together |
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56 | (3) |
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3.4 Levantine Arabic Sounds |
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59 | (8) |
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3.4.1 Levantine Arabic Consonants |
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60 | (2) |
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3.4.2 Levantine Arabic Vowels |
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62 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Levantine Arabic Sounds: Putting it all Together |
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62 | (5) |
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67 | (2) |
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67 | (2) |
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4 Arabic Syllable Structure and Stress |
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69 | (22) |
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4.1 Syllable Structure in Modern Standard Arabic |
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70 | (10) |
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4.2 Stress in Modern Standard Arabic |
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80 | (4) |
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4.3 Syllable Structure and Stress in Levantine Arabic |
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84 | (6) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (28) |
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5.1 Minimal Pairs and Phonemes vs. Allophones |
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93 | (4) |
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5.2 Phonological Derivation |
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97 | (20) |
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97 | (11) |
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108 | (6) |
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5.2.3 Syncope and Vowel Shortening |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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PART II Arabic Words: Their Structure and Meaning |
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119 | (140) |
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6 Arabic Morphology: An Overview |
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121 | (13) |
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122 | (6) |
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6.2 Interdigitation: Root-and-Pattern Morphology |
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128 | (5) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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7 Arabic Verbs: Form and Meaning |
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134 | (52) |
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7.1 Modern Standard Arabic Verbs |
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134 | (7) |
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7.2 Pattern I: C1VC2VC3 or faol-a/fail-a/faut-a |
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141 | (5) |
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7.3 Augmented Patterns II through X |
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146 | (19) |
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7.3.1 Patterns II and V: faal-a and tafa: fal-a |
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147 | (3) |
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7.3.2 Patterns III and VI: fa: al-a - tafaal-a |
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150 | (4) |
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7.3.3 Patterns IV and X: afal-a - statal-a |
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154 | (4) |
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7.3.4 Patterns VII and VIII: nfaal-a - ftaal-a |
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158 | (2) |
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7.3.5 Patterns I-VIII, X: Looking at Them Together! |
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160 | (3) |
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7.3.6 Patterns IX: fall-a |
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163 | (1) |
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7.3.7 Verb Patterns: A Word of Caution |
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164 | (1) |
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7.4 Levantine Arabic Verbs |
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165 | (19) |
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7.4.1 Verb Conjugation in Levantine Arabic |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (3) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (3) |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (2) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (2) |
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185 | (1) |
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8 Arabic Nouns: Form and Meaning |
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186 | (51) |
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8.1 The Modern Standard Arabic masdar |
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187 | (7) |
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8.1.1 Pattern I Verbal Nouns |
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188 | (2) |
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8.1.2 Patterns II-X Verbal Nouns |
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190 | (4) |
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8.2 Modern Standard Arabic Participles |
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194 | (10) |
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8.2.1 Participles Derived from Pattern I Verbs |
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194 | (2) |
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8.2.2 Participles Derived from Patterns II-X Verbs |
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196 | (8) |
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8.3 Other Types of Modern Standard Arabic Nouns |
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204 | (6) |
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204 | (2) |
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8.3.2 Nouns of Profession |
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206 | (1) |
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8.3.3 Nouns of Instrument |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (2) |
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8.4 Modern Standard Arabic Adjectives |
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210 | (6) |
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8.4.1 Adjective Derivation from Pattern I Verbs |
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210 | (1) |
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8.4.2 Adjectives Denoting Color and Physical Traits |
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211 | (1) |
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8.4.3 Relative Adjectives |
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212 | (2) |
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8.4.4 Comparative and Superlative Adjectives |
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214 | (2) |
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8.5 Modern Standard Arabic Nouns and Adjectives: Inflectional Categories |
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216 | (13) |
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8.5.1 Modern Standard Arabic Gender |
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216 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Modern Standard Arabic Number |
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217 | (1) |
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8.5.2.1 Modern Standard Arabic Dual |
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218 | (1) |
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8.5.2.2 Modern Standard Arabic Sound Feminine Plural |
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218 | (3) |
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8.5.2.3 Modern Standard Arabic Sound Masculine Plural |
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221 | (1) |
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8.5.2.4 Modern Standard Arabic Broken Plural |
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222 | (4) |
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8.5.3 Modern Standard Arabic Case |
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226 | (2) |
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8.5.4 Modern Standard Arabic Definiteness |
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228 | (1) |
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8.6 Levantine Arabic Noun Morphology |
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229 | (6) |
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8.6.1 Levantine Arabic Definiteness |
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230 | (1) |
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8.6.2 Levantine Arabic Gender |
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230 | (2) |
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8.6.3 Levantine Arabic Number |
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232 | (1) |
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8.6.4 Levantine Arabic Case |
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232 | (3) |
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235 | (2) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (22) |
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238 | (2) |
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9.2 Verb Roots and Morphophonology |
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240 | (14) |
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9.2.1 The Morphophonology of Assimilated Roots |
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240 | (2) |
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9.2.2 The Morphophonology of Hollow Roots |
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242 | (4) |
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9.2.3 The Morphophonology of Defective Roots |
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246 | (4) |
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9.2.4 The Morphophonology of Verbs Derived from Geminated Roots |
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250 | (4) |
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9.3 Other Morphophonological Phenomena |
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254 | (4) |
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9.3.1 The Morphophonology of Imperatives |
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255 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Syncope and Epenthesis in Lebanese Arabic Verb Paradigms |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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PART III Arabic Phrases and Phrase Structure |
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259 | (132) |
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10 Phrase Structure: An Overview |
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261 | (14) |
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10.1 Categories and Phrases |
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262 | (7) |
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269 | (4) |
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273 | (2) |
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273 | (2) |
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11 The Simple Sentence in Arabic |
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275 | (28) |
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275 | (12) |
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287 | (14) |
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11.2.1 Verbless Nominal Sentences |
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287 | (3) |
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11.2.2 Nominal Sentences with Linking Verbs |
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290 | (5) |
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11.2.3 Nominal Sentences with Lexical Verbs |
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295 | (6) |
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301 | (2) |
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302 | (1) |
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303 | (48) |
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12.1 The Minimal Noun Phrase |
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303 | (5) |
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12.2 Noun Phrases with Specifiers |
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308 | (8) |
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308 | (2) |
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12.2.2 Definiteness via /- Suffixation |
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310 | (4) |
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314 | (2) |
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12.3 Noun Phrases with Modifiers |
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316 | (7) |
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12.3.1 Noun Phrases with Adjectives |
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316 | (5) |
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12.3.2 Noun Phrases with Prepositional Phrases |
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321 | (2) |
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12.4 Construct Noun Phrases |
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323 | (26) |
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12.4.1 The Structure of Construct Noun Phrases |
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324 | (5) |
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12.4.2 Construct Noun Phrases as Single Prosodic Units |
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329 | (8) |
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12.4.3 Construct Noun Phrases: Meaning Contributions |
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337 | (10) |
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12.4.4 Other Uses of Construct Noun Phrases |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (2) |
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349 | (2) |
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351 | (37) |
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13.1 Verb Phrases: Selectional Requirements |
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351 | (7) |
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13.2 Tense, Aspect, and Mood |
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358 | (19) |
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359 | (3) |
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362 | (1) |
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13.2.2.1 The Imperfective in Modern Standard Arabic |
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362 | (9) |
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13.2.2.2 The Imperfective in Levantine Arabic |
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371 | (6) |
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13.3 Verb Phrases with Compounds Verbs |
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377 | (9) |
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386 | (2) |
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386 | (2) |
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388 | (3) |
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14.1 What Have We Accomplished? |
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388 | (2) |
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390 | (1) |
Bibliography |
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391 | (6) |
Index |
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397 | |