Foreword |
|
vii | |
Preface to the First Edition |
|
ix | |
Preface |
|
xi | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xiii | |
|
Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO ORTHOPAEDIC IMAGING |
|
|
1 | (68) |
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Chapter 1 The Role of the Orthopaedic Radiologist |
|
|
3 | (10) |
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11 | (2) |
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Chapter 2 Imaging Techniques in Orthopaedics |
|
|
13 | (42) |
|
Choice of Imaging Modality |
|
|
13 | (1) |
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|
13 | (1) |
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|
13 | (1) |
|
Magnification Radiography |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
|
14 | (1) |
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|
14 | (1) |
|
Fluoroscopy and Videotaping |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
Digital (Computed) Radiography |
|
|
14 | (1) |
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|
15 | (1) |
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|
16 | (5) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (3) |
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25 | (1) |
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|
25 | (3) |
|
Scintigraphy (Radionuclide Bone Scan) |
|
|
28 | (25) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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|
35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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|
36 | (1) |
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|
37 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
37 | (16) |
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|
53 | (2) |
|
Chapter 3 Histology, Formation, and Growth of Bone and Articular Cartilage |
|
|
55 | (14) |
|
Bone: Histology, Formation, and Growth |
|
|
55 | (7) |
|
Articular Cartilage: Histology, Formation, and Growth |
|
|
62 | (5) |
|
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67 | (2) |
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|
69 | (532) |
|
Chapter 4 Imaging Evaluation of Trauma |
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|
71 | (80) |
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71 | (8) |
|
Radiography and Fluoroscopy |
|
|
71 | (1) |
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|
71 | (1) |
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|
71 | (1) |
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|
71 | (1) |
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|
71 | (1) |
|
Myelography and Diskography |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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|
71 | (8) |
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Fractures and Dislocations |
|
|
79 | (44) |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation of Fractures |
|
|
79 | (13) |
|
Indirect Signs as Diagnostic Clues |
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|
92 | (7) |
|
Radiographic Evaluation of Dislocations |
|
|
99 | (1) |
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Monitoring the Results of Treatment |
|
|
99 | (2) |
|
Fracture Healing and Complications |
|
|
101 | (6) |
|
Other Complications of Fractures, Dislocations, and Traumatic Insults to the Bones and Soft Tissues |
|
|
107 | (16) |
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123 | (11) |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (12) |
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|
140 | (1) |
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|
140 | (1) |
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|
140 | (1) |
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|
140 | (1) |
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|
141 | (1) |
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|
141 | (1) |
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|
141 | (1) |
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|
141 | (2) |
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|
143 | (1) |
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|
143 | (1) |
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|
144 | (1) |
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|
144 | (1) |
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|
144 | (1) |
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|
144 | (1) |
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|
144 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Runner's Knee (Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Footballer's Ankle (Athlete's Ankle) |
|
|
144 | (4) |
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|
148 | (1) |
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|
148 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
148 | (1) |
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|
149 | (2) |
|
Chapter 5 Upper Limb I: Shoulder Girdle |
|
|
151 | (67) |
|
Trauma to the Shoulder Girdle |
|
|
151 | (57) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
151 | (16) |
|
Injury to the Shoulder Girdle |
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
Fractures About the Shoulder |
|
|
167 | (9) |
|
Dislocations in the Glenohumeral Joint |
|
|
176 | (11) |
|
|
187 | (4) |
|
|
191 | (2) |
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Injury to the Cartilaginous Labrum |
|
|
193 | (8) |
|
Injury to the Glenohumeral Ligaments |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Abnormalities |
|
|
201 | (7) |
|
Compressive and Entrapment Neuropathies of the Shoulder |
|
|
208 | (3) |
|
Suprascapular Nerve Syndrome |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
Quadrilateral Space Syndrome |
|
|
208 | (2) |
|
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome (Idiopathic Brachial Plexopathy, Neuralgic Amyotrophy) |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
Serratus Anterior Paralysis (Scapular Winging) |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
The Postoperative Shoulder |
|
|
211 | (4) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
215 | (3) |
|
Chapter 6 Upper Limb II: Elbow |
|
|
218 | (40) |
|
|
218 | (36) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
218 | (5) |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
Fractures About the Elbow |
|
|
223 | (17) |
|
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum |
|
|
240 | (3) |
|
Dislocations in the Elbow Joint |
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissues |
|
|
245 | (9) |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Compressive and Entrapment Neuropathies of the Elbow |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Pronator Teres Muscle Syndrome |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Supinator Muscle Syndrome |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
Chapter 7 Upper Limb III: Distal Forearm, Wrist, Hand, and Fingers |
|
|
258 | (77) |
|
|
258 | (19) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Distal Forearm |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Distal Radius |
|
|
258 | (15) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissue at the Distal Radioulnar Articulation |
|
|
273 | (4) |
|
|
277 | (45) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
277 | (3) |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Carpal Bones |
|
|
280 | (17) |
|
|
297 | (5) |
|
Hamatolunate Impaction Syndrome |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Dislocations of the Carpal Bones |
|
|
302 | (14) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Bones of the Hand |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Bennett and Rolando Fractures |
|
|
316 | (2) |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissue of the Hand |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
|
318 | (2) |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome |
|
|
320 | (2) |
|
|
322 | (11) |
|
Normal Anatomy of the Fingers |
|
|
322 | (4) |
|
Injury to the Bones and Soft Tissues of the Fingers |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Avulsion Fractures of the Fingers |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Flexor Pulley System Rupture (Climber's Finger) |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
327 | (2) |
|
Tendon and Ligament Tears |
|
|
329 | (4) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
|
333 | (2) |
|
Chapter 8 Lower Limb I: Pelvic Girdle, Sacrum, and Proximal Femur |
|
|
335 | (42) |
|
Trauma to the Pelvic Girdle |
|
|
335 | (20) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Pelvis and Acetabulum |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
Classification of Pelvic Fractures |
|
|
336 | (6) |
|
|
342 | (3) |
|
Fractures of the Acetabulum |
|
|
345 | (2) |
|
Injuries of the Acetabular Labrum |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
|
347 | (8) |
|
Trauma to the Proximal Femur |
|
|
355 | (15) |
|
Fractures of the Proximal Femur |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
|
355 | (4) |
|
|
359 | (5) |
|
Dislocations in the Hip Joint |
|
|
364 | (6) |
|
Tendon and Muscle Lesions |
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
Compressive and Entrapment Neuropathies |
|
|
370 | (5) |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Neuropathy (Meralgia Paresthetica) |
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Morel-Lavallee Lesion (Closed Degloving Injury) |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
Stress and Insufficiency Fractures |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
375 | (2) |
|
Chapter 9 Lower Limb II: Knee |
|
|
377 | (81) |
|
|
377 | (64) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
377 | (8) |
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
385 | (12) |
|
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson Disease |
|
|
397 | (3) |
|
|
400 | (3) |
|
Injuries to the Cartilage of the Knee |
|
|
403 | (14) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Knee |
|
|
417 | (24) |
|
|
441 | (15) |
|
Surgical Management of Meniscal Tears |
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction |
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
|
441 | (15) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
456 | (2) |
|
Chapter 10 Lower Limb III: Ankle and Foot |
|
|
458 | (74) |
|
Trauma to the Ankle and Foot |
|
|
458 | (62) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
Imaging of the Ankle and Foot |
|
|
458 | (9) |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
Fractures About the Ankle Joint |
|
|
467 | (16) |
|
Injury to the Soft Tissues About the Ankle Joint and Foot |
|
|
483 | (10) |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
|
493 | (15) |
|
|
508 | (1) |
|
|
508 | (12) |
|
Miscellaneous Painful Soft-Tissue Abnormalities I of the Ankle and Foot |
|
|
520 | (10) |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
Posterior Tibialis Tendon Dysfunction |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Chronic Tendinosis of the Posterior Tibialis Tendon |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Tears of the Posterior Tibialis Tendon |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Painful Accessory Navicular Bone Syndrome |
|
|
521 | (4) |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Peroneus Brevis Split Tear |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Peroneus Longus Tendinosis and Tear |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Painful Os Peroneum Syndrome |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
527 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
530 | (2) |
|
|
532 | (69) |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
|
532 | (30) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
532 | (10) |
|
Injury to the Cervical Spine |
|
|
542 | (4) |
|
Fractures of the Occipital Condyles |
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
Occipitocervical Dislocations |
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the CI and C2 Vertebrae |
|
|
547 | (8) |
|
Fractures of the Mid and Lower Cervical Spine |
|
|
555 | (3) |
|
|
558 | (4) |
|
|
562 | (37) |
|
Anatomic-Radiologic Considerations |
|
|
562 | (6) |
|
Injury to the Thoracolumbar Spine |
|
|
568 | (1) |
|
Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Spine |
|
|
568 | (10) |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis |
|
|
579 | (5) |
|
Transitional Lumbosacral Vertebra |
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
Injury to the Diskovertebral Junction |
|
|
584 | (13) |
|
|
597 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
599 | (1) |
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
|
601 | (238) |
|
Chapter 12 Clinical, Imaging, and Pathologic Evaluation of the Arthritides and Arthropathies |
|
|
603 | (70) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
603 | (8) |
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
Magnification Radiography |
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
Tomography and Computed Tomography |
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
|
603 | (8) |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (60) |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (9) |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
|
622 | (16) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
|
638 | (9) |
|
Complications of Surgical Treatment |
|
|
647 | (24) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
671 | (1) |
|
|
671 | (2) |
|
Chapter 13 Degenerative Joint Disease |
|
|
673 | (52) |
|
|
673 | (35) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Large Joints |
|
|
673 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Hip |
|
|
673 | (18) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Knee |
|
|
691 | (4) |
|
Osteoarthritis of Other Large Joints |
|
|
695 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Small Joints |
|
|
695 | (1) |
|
Primary Osteoarthritis of the Hand |
|
|
695 | (1) |
|
Secondary Osteoarthritis of the Hand |
|
|
695 | (9) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Foot |
|
|
704 | (4) |
|
Degenerative Diseases of the Spine |
|
|
708 | (13) |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
|
709 | (1) |
|
Osteoarthritis of the Synovial Joints |
|
|
709 | (2) |
|
Degenerative Disk Disease |
|
|
711 | (1) |
|
|
711 | (3) |
|
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis |
|
|
714 | (3) |
|
Complications of Degenerative Disease of the Spine |
|
|
717 | (1) |
|
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis |
|
|
717 | (1) |
|
|
718 | (3) |
|
|
721 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
723 | (1) |
|
|
724 | (1) |
|
Chapter 14 Inflammatory Arthritides |
|
|
725 | (59) |
|
|
725 | (4) |
|
|
725 | (1) |
|
|
725 | (1) |
|
|
725 | (1) |
|
|
725 | (4) |
|
|
729 | (1) |
|
|
729 | (34) |
|
Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
729 | (1) |
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
|
730 | (1) |
|
|
730 | (23) |
|
Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
753 | (2) |
|
|
755 | (3) |
|
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis with Pauciarticular Onset (Oligoarthritis) |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
Arthritis with Enthesitis |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis |
|
|
758 | (1) |
|
|
758 | (4) |
|
Macrophage Activation Syndrome |
|
|
762 | (1) |
|
Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
|
762 | (1) |
|
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies |
|
|
763 | (18) |
|
|
763 | (1) |
|
|
763 | (1) |
|
|
763 | (1) |
|
|
763 | (5) |
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
Reactive Arthritis (Reiter Syndrome) |
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
|
768 | (1) |
|
|
768 | (2) |
|
|
770 | (1) |
|
|
770 | (5) |
|
|
775 | (1) |
|
|
775 | (3) |
|
Enteropathic Arthropathies |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
Undifferentiated Spondyloarthritis |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
781 | (1) |
|
|
782 | (2) |
|
Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Arthritides and Arthropathies |
|
|
784 | (55) |
|
Connective Tissue Arthropathies |
|
|
784 | (17) |
|
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
|
784 | (2) |
|
|
786 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
787 | (2) |
|
|
789 | (1) |
|
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis |
|
|
789 | (1) |
|
|
789 | (1) |
|
|
790 | (1) |
|
|
791 | (4) |
|
|
795 | (1) |
|
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease |
|
|
795 | (1) |
|
|
795 | (6) |
|
Metabolic, Endocrine, and Crystal Deposition Arthropathies and Arthritides |
|
|
801 | (26) |
|
|
801 | (1) |
|
|
801 | (1) |
|
|
801 | (1) |
|
Examination of Synovial Fluid |
|
|
802 | (1) |
|
|
803 | (1) |
|
|
803 | (1) |
|
|
803 | (10) |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
813 | (1) |
|
|
813 | (6) |
|
Calcium Hydroxyapatite Crystal Deposition Disease |
|
|
819 | (1) |
|
|
819 | (1) |
|
|
820 | (1) |
|
|
820 | (1) |
|
|
820 | (1) |
|
|
820 | (1) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
|
821 | (1) |
|
|
822 | (2) |
|
|
824 | (1) |
|
Alkaptonuria (Ochronosis) |
|
|
824 | (1) |
|
|
824 | (1) |
|
|
824 | (2) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
826 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (9) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (1) |
|
|
827 | (2) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
829 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (1) |
|
|
830 | (3) |
|
|
833 | (1) |
|
Arthritis Associated with AIDS |
|
|
833 | (1) |
|
|
834 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
836 | (1) |
|
|
836 | (3) |
|
Part IV TUMORS AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS |
|
|
839 | (382) |
|
Chapter 16 Imaging Evaluation of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions |
|
|
841 | (54) |
|
Classification of Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions |
|
|
841 | (1) |
|
|
841 | (15) |
|
|
841 | (1) |
|
|
841 | (2) |
|
|
843 | (1) |
|
|
844 | (1) |
|
|
844 | (7) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
851 | (2) |
|
Skeletal Scintigraphy (Radionuclide Bone Scan) |
|
|
853 | (3) |
|
Interventional Procedures |
|
|
856 | (1) |
|
Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of Bone |
|
|
856 | (24) |
|
|
856 | (1) |
|
|
856 | (1) |
|
Choice of Imaging Modality |
|
|
856 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Features of Bone Lesions |
|
|
857 | (14) |
|
|
871 | (1) |
|
|
871 | (1) |
|
|
871 | (3) |
|
|
874 | (1) |
|
|
874 | (1) |
|
|
874 | (1) |
|
Monitoring the Results of Treatment |
|
|
874 | (6) |
|
|
880 | (1) |
|
|
880 | (13) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
893 | (1) |
|
|
893 | (2) |
|
Chapter 17 Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions I: Bone-Forming Lesions |
|
|
895 | (32) |
|
Benign Bone-Forming (Osteoblastic, Osteogenic) Lesions |
|
|
895 | (30) |
|
|
895 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
895 | (1) |
|
|
895 | (1) |
|
|
895 | (1) |
|
|
895 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
895 | (2) |
|
|
897 | (1) |
|
|
897 | (4) |
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
|
901 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
901 | (15) |
|
|
916 | (7) |
|
|
923 | (1) |
|
|
923 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
925 | (1) |
|
|
925 | (2) |
|
Chapter 18 Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions II: Lesions of Cartilaginous Origin |
|
|
927 | (48) |
|
Benign Chondroblastic Lesions |
|
|
927 | (44) |
|
|
927 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
927 | (3) |
|
|
930 | (6) |
|
|
936 | (1) |
|
|
936 | (1) |
|
|
937 | (1) |
|
Enchondromatosis, Oilier Disease, and Maffucci Syndrome |
|
|
937 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
937 | (2) |
|
|
939 | (1) |
|
|
939 | (1) |
|
|
939 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
939 | (3) |
|
|
942 | (1) |
|
|
943 | (1) |
|
|
943 | (4) |
|
Multiple Osteocartilaginous Exostoses |
|
|
947 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
947 | (2) |
|
|
949 | (1) |
|
|
949 | (7) |
|
Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation |
|
|
956 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
956 | (5) |
|
|
961 | (1) |
|
|
961 | (1) |
|
|
961 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
961 | (2) |
|
|
963 | (1) |
|
Treatment and Complications |
|
|
963 | (5) |
|
|
968 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
968 | (1) |
|
|
968 | (3) |
|
|
971 | (1) |
|
|
971 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
971 | (2) |
|
|
973 | (2) |
|
Chapter 19 Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions III: Fibrous, Fibroosseous, and Fibrohistiocytic Lesions |
|
|
975 | (41) |
|
Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying Fibroma |
|
|
975 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
975 | (1) |
|
|
975 | (1) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
975 | (1) |
|
Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma |
|
|
975 | (6) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
975 | (6) |
|
|
981 | (2) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
981 | (1) |
|
|
981 | (1) |
|
|
981 | (2) |
|
|
983 | (13) |
|
Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia |
|
|
983 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
983 | (1) |
|
|
983 | (6) |
|
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia |
|
|
989 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
989 | (7) |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
Fibrocartilaginous Dysplasia |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
Clinical, Pathologic, and Imaging Features |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
996 | (6) |
|
|
996 | (1) |
|
|
997 | (5) |
|
|
1002 | (4) |
|
Clinical, Imaging, and Histopathologic Features |
|
|
1002 | (4) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
1006 | (1) |
|
|
1006 | (8) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1006 | (4) |
|
|
1010 | (1) |
|
|
1010 | (4) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1014 | (1) |
|
|
1014 | (2) |
|
Chapter 20 Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions IV: Miscellaneous Lesions |
|
|
1016 | (66) |
|
|
1016 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1016 | (1) |
|
|
1016 | (1) |
|
Complications and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
1016 | (1) |
|
|
1016 | (1) |
|
|
1016 | (19) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1016 | (8) |
|
|
1024 | (1) |
|
Complications and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
1024 | (6) |
|
|
1030 | (5) |
|
Solid Variant of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst |
|
|
1035 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1035 | (1) |
|
|
1035 | (1) |
|
|
1035 | (1) |
|
|
1035 | (16) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1035 | (1) |
|
|
1036 | (10) |
|
|
1046 | (1) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
1046 | (5) |
|
Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma |
|
|
1051 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1051 | (1) |
|
|
1051 | (1) |
|
|
1051 | (9) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1051 | (9) |
|
|
1060 | (1) |
|
|
1060 | (1) |
|
|
1060 | (1) |
|
|
1060 | (2) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1060 | (1) |
|
|
1060 | (2) |
|
Nonneoplastic Lesions Simulating Tumors |
|
|
1062 | (17) |
|
|
1062 | (5) |
|
Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
1067 | (1) |
|
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Eosinophilic Granuloma) |
|
|
1067 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1067 | (4) |
|
|
1071 | (3) |
|
|
1074 | (1) |
|
Infantile Myofibromatosis |
|
|
1074 | (1) |
|
Erdheim-Chester Disease (Lipogranulomatosis) |
|
|
1074 | (2) |
|
|
1076 | (1) |
|
|
1076 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1079 | (1) |
|
|
1079 | (3) |
|
Chapter 21 Malignant Bone Tumors I: Osteosarcomas and Chondrosarcomas |
|
|
1082 | (56) |
|
|
1082 | (31) |
|
|
1082 | (1) |
|
Conventional Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1082 | (7) |
|
Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1089 | (1) |
|
Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1089 | (1) |
|
Giant Cell-Rich Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1090 | (1) |
|
|
1090 | (4) |
|
Fibrohistiocytic Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1094 | (1) |
|
Intracortical Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1095 | (1) |
|
|
1096 | (1) |
|
Multicentric (Multifocal) Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1096 | (1) |
|
Surface (Juxtacortical) Osteosarcomas |
|
|
1096 | (8) |
|
Soft-Tissue (Extraskeletal) Osteosarcoma |
|
|
1104 | (4) |
|
Osteosarcomas with Unusual Clinical Presentation |
|
|
1108 | (1) |
|
|
1109 | (4) |
|
|
1113 | (22) |
|
|
1113 | (1) |
|
Conventional Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
1113 | (1) |
|
Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
1114 | (1) |
|
Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
1114 | (3) |
|
|
1117 | (1) |
|
Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
1117 | (1) |
|
Periosteal (Juxtacortical) Chondrosarcoma |
|
|
1117 | (3) |
|
Secondary Chondrosarcomas |
|
|
1120 | (1) |
|
Soft-Tissue (Extraskeletal) Chondrosarcomas |
|
|
1120 | (15) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1135 | (1) |
|
|
1136 | (2) |
|
Chapter 22 Malignant Bone Tumors II: Miscellaneous Tumors |
|
|
1138 | (55) |
|
Fibrosarcoma and Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma |
|
|
1138 | (2) |
|
|
1138 | (1) |
|
|
1138 | (1) |
|
|
1138 | (1) |
|
|
1138 | (2) |
|
Complications and Treatment |
|
|
1140 | (1) |
|
|
1140 | (9) |
|
|
1140 | (1) |
|
|
1141 | (1) |
|
|
1142 | (1) |
|
|
1142 | (7) |
|
|
1149 | (1) |
|
|
1149 | (9) |
|
|
1149 | (1) |
|
|
1149 | (1) |
|
|
1149 | (9) |
|
|
1158 | (1) |
|
|
1158 | (1) |
|
|
1158 | (9) |
|
|
1158 | (1) |
|
|
1158 | (4) |
|
|
1162 | (1) |
|
|
1162 | (5) |
|
Complications, Treatment, and Prognosis |
|
|
1167 | (1) |
|
Adamantinoma of Long Bones |
|
|
1167 | (2) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1167 | (1) |
|
|
1168 | (1) |
|
|
1168 | (1) |
|
|
1169 | (1) |
|
|
1169 | (1) |
|
|
1169 | (1) |
|
|
1170 | (1) |
|
Complications, Treatment, and Prognosis |
|
|
1170 | (1) |
|
Primary Leiomyosarcoma of Bone |
|
|
1170 | (1) |
|
|
1170 | (1) |
|
|
1170 | (1) |
|
|
1171 | (1) |
|
|
1171 | (1) |
|
Hemangioendothelioma and Angiosarcoma |
|
|
1171 | (5) |
|
|
1171 | (3) |
|
|
1174 | (1) |
|
|
1174 | (2) |
|
Benign Conditions with Malignant Potential |
|
|
1176 | (2) |
|
|
1176 | (1) |
|
Chronic Draining Sinus Tract of Osteomyelitis |
|
|
1176 | (2) |
|
Plexiform Neurofibromatosis |
|
|
1178 | (1) |
|
|
1178 | (1) |
|
Radiation-Induced Sarcoma |
|
|
1178 | (1) |
|
|
1178 | (12) |
|
|
1178 | (2) |
|
|
1180 | (1) |
|
|
1181 | (1) |
|
|
1181 | (9) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1190 | (1) |
|
|
1191 | (2) |
|
Chapter 23 Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of the Joints |
|
|
1193 | (28) |
|
|
1193 | (16) |
|
Synovial (Osteo)Chondromatosis |
|
|
1193 | (1) |
|
|
1193 | (1) |
|
|
1193 | (1) |
|
|
1193 | (1) |
|
|
1193 | (3) |
|
|
1196 | (1) |
|
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis |
|
|
1196 | (1) |
|
|
1196 | (4) |
|
|
1200 | (4) |
|
|
1204 | (1) |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
|
1206 | (1) |
|
|
1206 | (1) |
|
|
1206 | (1) |
|
|
1206 | (1) |
|
|
1206 | (3) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
Differential Diagnosis and Treatment |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (9) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (1) |
|
|
1209 | (3) |
|
|
1212 | (1) |
|
|
1212 | (1) |
|
|
1212 | (1) |
|
Malignant Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis |
|
|
1212 | (1) |
|
Intraarticular Liposarcoma |
|
|
1212 | (6) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1218 | (1) |
|
|
1218 | (3) |
|
|
1221 | (50) |
|
Chapter 24 Imaging Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Infections |
|
|
1223 | (12) |
|
Musculoskeletal Infections |
|
|
1223 | (1) |
|
|
1223 | (1) |
|
|
1223 | (1) |
|
|
1223 | (1) |
|
|
1223 | (1) |
|
Imaging Evaluation of Infections |
|
|
1223 | (8) |
|
Conventional Radiography, Computed Tomography, and Arthrography |
|
|
1225 | (1) |
|
|
1225 | (3) |
|
Arteriography, Myelography, Fistulography, and Ultrasound |
|
|
1228 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
1228 | (3) |
|
|
1231 | (1) |
|
Monitoring the Treatment and Complications of Infections |
|
|
1231 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1233 | (1) |
|
|
1233 | (2) |
|
Chapter 25 Osteomyelitis, Infectious Arthritis, and Soft-Tissue Infections |
|
|
1235 | (36) |
|
|
1235 | (11) |
|
|
1235 | (1) |
|
Acute and Chronic Osteomyelitis |
|
|
1235 | (5) |
|
|
1240 | (1) |
|
Nonpyogenic Bone Infections |
|
|
1240 | (1) |
|
|
1240 | (2) |
|
|
1242 | (3) |
|
|
1245 | (1) |
|
Differential Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis |
|
|
1245 | (1) |
|
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis |
|
|
1246 | (1) |
|
|
1247 | (7) |
|
Pyogenic Joint Infections |
|
|
1247 | (3) |
|
|
1250 | (1) |
|
Nonpyogenic Joint Infections |
|
|
1250 | (1) |
|
|
1250 | (2) |
|
Other Infectious Arthritides |
|
|
1252 | (2) |
|
|
1254 | (14) |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
Clinical and Imaging Features |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
Tuberculosis of the Spine |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
Coccidioidomycosis of the Spine |
|
|
1254 | (10) |
|
|
1264 | (4) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1268 | (1) |
|
|
1268 | (3) |
|
Part VI METABOLIC, ENDOCRINE, AND MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS |
|
|
1271 | (72) |
|
Chapter 26 Imaging Evaluation of Metabolic, Endocrine, and Miscellaneous Disorders |
|
|
1273 | (10) |
|
Composition and Production of Bone |
|
|
1273 | (1) |
|
Evaluation of Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
1273 | (8) |
|
Radiologic Imaging Modalities |
|
|
1273 | (1) |
|
|
1273 | (5) |
|
|
1278 | (1) |
|
|
1278 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
1278 | (1) |
|
Imaging Techniques for Measurement of Bone Mineral Density |
|
|
1278 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide and X-ray Techniques |
|
|
1278 | (1) |
|
Quantitative Ultrasound Technique |
|
|
1279 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1281 | (1) |
|
|
1282 | (1) |
|
Chapter 27 Osteoporosis, Rickets, and Osteomalacia |
|
|
1283 | (14) |
|
|
1283 | (6) |
|
|
1283 | (6) |
|
|
1289 | (1) |
|
|
1289 | (7) |
|
|
1289 | (1) |
|
|
1289 | (1) |
|
Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets |
|
|
1290 | (1) |
|
|
1291 | (2) |
|
|
1293 | (3) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1296 | (1) |
|
|
1296 | (1) |
|
Chapter 28 Hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
1297 | (8) |
|
|
1297 | (1) |
|
Physiology of Calcium Metabolism |
|
|
1297 | (1) |
|
|
1298 | (1) |
|
|
1298 | (3) |
|
|
1301 | (3) |
|
|
1304 | (1) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1304 | (1) |
|
|
1304 | (1) |
|
|
1305 | (24) |
|
Pathophysiology and Clinical Features |
|
|
1305 | (1) |
|
|
1305 | (4) |
|
|
1309 | (1) |
|
|
1309 | (1) |
|
|
1309 | (4) |
|
|
1309 | (1) |
|
Degenerative Joint Disease |
|
|
1309 | (1) |
|
|
1309 | (4) |
|
|
1313 | (1) |
|
Orthopaedic and Medical Management |
|
|
1313 | (14) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1327 | (1) |
|
|
1327 | (2) |
|
Chapter 30 Miscellaneous Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders |
|
|
1329 | (14) |
|
Familial Idiopathic Hyperphosphatasia |
|
|
1329 | (1) |
|
|
1329 | (1) |
|
|
1329 | (1) |
|
|
1329 | (1) |
|
|
1329 | (4) |
|
|
1329 | (1) |
|
|
1329 | (4) |
|
|
1333 | (1) |
|
Classification and Clinical Features |
|
|
1333 | (1) |
|
|
1333 | (1) |
|
|
1334 | (1) |
|
|
1334 | (1) |
|
|
1334 | (3) |
|
Pathophysiology and Clinical Features |
|
|
1334 | (3) |
|
|
1337 | (1) |
|
|
1337 | (1) |
|
|
1337 | (3) |
|
Pathophysiology and Clinical Features |
|
|
1337 | (1) |
|
|
1338 | (2) |
|
|
1340 | (1) |
|
|
1340 | (2) |
|
Pathophysiology and Clinical Features |
|
|
1340 | (1) |
|
|
1340 | (1) |
|
|
1340 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1342 | (1) |
|
|
1342 | (1) |
|
Part VII CONGENITAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES |
|
|
1343 | (113) |
|
Chapter 31 Imaging Evaluation of Skeletal Anomalies |
|
|
1345 | (15) |
|
|
1345 | (1) |
|
|
1345 | (14) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1359 | (1) |
|
|
1359 | (1) |
|
Chapter 32 Anomalies of the Upper and Lower Limbs |
|
|
1360 | (44) |
|
Anomalies of the Shoulder Girdle and Upper Limbs |
|
|
1360 | (1) |
|
Congenital Elevation of the Scapula |
|
|
1360 | (1) |
|
|
1360 | (1) |
|
|
1360 | (1) |
|
Anomalies of the Pelvic Girdle and Hip |
|
|
1360 | (25) |
|
Congenital Hip Dislocation (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip) |
|
|
1360 | (6) |
|
|
1366 | (1) |
|
|
1366 | (1) |
|
Arthrography and Computed Tomography |
|
|
1367 | (3) |
|
|
1370 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
1370 | (1) |
|
|
1370 | (1) |
|
|
1370 | (5) |
|
|
1375 | (1) |
|
Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency |
|
|
1375 | (1) |
|
Classification and Imaging Features |
|
|
1375 | (1) |
|
|
1375 | (1) |
|
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease |
|
|
1376 | (1) |
|
|
1376 | (2) |
|
|
1378 | (2) |
|
|
1380 | (1) |
|
|
1380 | (1) |
|
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis |
|
|
1380 | (1) |
|
|
1380 | (1) |
|
Treatment and Complications |
|
|
1380 | (5) |
|
Anomalies of the Lower Limbs |
|
|
1385 | (16) |
|
|
1385 | (1) |
|
Imaging Features and Differential Diagnosis |
|
|
1386 | (1) |
|
|
1387 | (1) |
|
|
1387 | (2) |
|
Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica |
|
|
1389 | (1) |
|
Imaging Features and Treatment |
|
|
1389 | (1) |
|
|
1389 | (1) |
|
Measurements and Radiographic Features |
|
|
1389 | (4) |
|
|
1393 | (1) |
|
Congenital Vertical Talus |
|
|
1393 | (1) |
|
|
1393 | (1) |
|
|
1394 | (1) |
|
|
1395 | (1) |
|
Calcaneonavicular Coalition |
|
|
1395 | (1) |
|
|
1395 | (2) |
|
|
1397 | (4) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1401 | (1) |
|
|
1402 | (2) |
|
Chapter 33 Scoliosis and Anomalies with General Affliction of the Skeleton |
|
|
1404 | (52) |
|
|
1404 | (8) |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
|
1404 | (5) |
|
|
1409 | (3) |
|
Anomalies with General Affliction of the Skeleton |
|
|
1412 | (41) |
|
|
1412 | (3) |
|
|
1415 | (1) |
|
|
1416 | (2) |
|
|
1418 | (1) |
|
|
1418 | (1) |
|
|
1418 | (1) |
|
|
1418 | (1) |
|
|
1418 | (1) |
|
|
1418 | (5) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Myositis Ossificans Progressiva) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
|
1423 | (1) |
|
|
1424 | (1) |
|
Sclerosing Dysplasias of Bone |
|
|
1424 | (2) |
|
|
1426 | (7) |
|
Pyknodysostosis (Pycnodysostosis) |
|
|
1433 | (3) |
|
Enostosis, Osteopoikilosis, and Osteopathia Striata |
|
|
1436 | (3) |
|
Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia (Camurati-Engelmann Disease) |
|
|
1439 | (1) |
|
Hereditary Multiple Diaphyseal Sclerosis (Ribbing Disease) |
|
|
1440 | (4) |
|
Endosteal Hyperostosis (Hyperostosis Corticalis Generalisata) |
|
|
1444 | (1) |
|
|
1445 | (1) |
|
|
1446 | (1) |
|
Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia |
|
|
1446 | (1) |
|
|
1446 | (5) |
|
Craniodiaphyseal Dysplasia |
|
|
1451 | (1) |
|
Hyperostosis Generalisata with Striations of Bones |
|
|
1451 | (1) |
|
Other Mixed Sclerosing Dysplasias |
|
|
1451 | (2) |
|
Practical Points to Remember |
|
|
1453 | (1) |
|
|
1454 | (2) |
Index |
|
1456 | |