Preface |
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xiv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
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PART I ANSWERING THE CALL TO ACTION |
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Chapter 1 Action Research in Contemporary Contexts |
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3 | (16) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Action Research and the Context of Contemporary School Reform |
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4 | (1) |
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Complex Educational Systems |
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5 | (2) |
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Vignette: Mary's Story: Policy and Practices Related to Homeless Children |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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Rationale for Action Research |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (3) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Main Features of Action Research |
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12 | (1) |
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Change as the Desired Outcome |
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13 | (3) |
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Action Research and Craft Knowledge |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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Academic and Community Development |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Activity 1A Understanding Action Research Through Inductive Analysis |
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17 | (1) |
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Activity 1B Exploring Action Research Interests |
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18 | (1) |
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Activity 1C Understanding Your Worldview and Positionality |
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18 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 Approaches to Action Research |
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19 | (20) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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Approaches to Educational Research |
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20 | (2) |
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Identifying an Action Research Topic: Problem Posing and Reflection |
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22 | (1) |
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Gap Analysis and Problem Posing in Action Research |
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22 | (1) |
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Action Research Case Studies and Understanding Your Impact on Student Learning |
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22 | (2) |
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Vignette: Arlene's Action Research: Creating a More Culturally Relevant Middle School Classroom |
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23 | (1) |
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Collaborative Action Research Projects |
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24 | (4) |
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25 | (1) |
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Professional Learning Communities |
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25 | (1) |
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Vignette: Needs Assessment of Social Studies Professional Development |
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26 | (1) |
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Working With Critical Friends |
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27 | (1) |
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Engaging With Web-Based Collaboratives |
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27 | (1) |
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Action Research Across the Educational System |
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28 | (3) |
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Vignette: Community Group Approaches to Action Research |
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30 | (1) |
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Methodological Approaches |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (7) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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Activity 2A Examining Your Worldview and Posing a Research Problem |
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32 | (1) |
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Activity 2B Completing a Gap Analysis |
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33 | (1) |
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Example Gap Analysis Worksheet |
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34 | (1) |
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Journals About Action Research, Teacher Research, Self-Study, and Practitioner Research |
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34 | (1) |
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Open-Access Journals in Education |
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35 | (1) |
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Websites About Action Research, Teacher Research, Self-Study, and Practitioner Research |
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35 | (4) |
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PART II PLANNING AN ACTION RESEARCH STUDY |
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Chapter 3 Literature Review and Theoretical Frameworks |
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39 | (15) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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Reviewing Relevant Literature |
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41 | (4) |
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Seeking Scholarly Sources of Information |
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41 | (1) |
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Identifying Scholarly Literature |
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42 | (1) |
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Using Technology to Enhance Your Search |
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42 | (1) |
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Extending Current Research |
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43 | (1) |
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Writing the Review of the Literature |
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44 | (1) |
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Guiding Theoretical Frameworks |
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45 | (2) |
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Family of Approaches in Action Research |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (4) |
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47 | (1) |
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Interpretivist/Constructivist |
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48 | (1) |
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Critical Theory and Post-Structuralism |
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48 | (1) |
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Critical Race Theory (CRT) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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Theory and Action Research |
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50 | (1) |
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Action Research Compared to Traditional Educational Research |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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Activity 3A Conducting a Review of the Literature |
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53 | (1) |
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Chapter 4 Research Questions and Ethics |
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54 | (11) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Problem Posing: Developing Research Questions |
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55 | (1) |
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Planning for Data Collection 56 Choosing Between Qualitative and Quantitative Methods |
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56 | (2) |
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58 | (2) |
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The Ethics of Control Groups |
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59 | (1) |
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Institutional Review Boards |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (4) |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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Activity 4A Crafting an Action Research Question |
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61 | (1) |
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Activity 4B Preliminary Research Plan |
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62 | (1) |
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Activity 4C Critical Friends |
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62 | (3) |
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PART III COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DATA |
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Chapter 5 Qualitative Approaches to Data Collection |
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65 | (24) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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Qualitative Data Collection |
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67 | (16) |
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67 | (1) |
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Interviewing for Classroom Teachers |
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68 | (1) |
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Benefits for Interview Participants |
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69 | (1) |
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Steps in the Interview Process |
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69 | (4) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Approaches to Focus Groups |
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74 | (1) |
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Strengths of Focus Groups |
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74 | (1) |
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Choosing Between Interviews and Focus Groups |
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75 | (1) |
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Planning for Interviews and Focus Group Interviews |
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76 | (1) |
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Steps for Developing an Interview Protocol |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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Gathering Field Notes and Observations |
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77 | (1) |
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Planning for Observations |
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78 | (1) |
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Developing Observation Protocols |
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78 | (1) |
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Action Researcher Journal |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Document Analysis and Unobtrusive Approaches to Data Collection |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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Visual Approaches to Data Collection |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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Triangulating Data Collection |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (3) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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Activity 5A Developing a Plan for Data Collection |
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84 | (1) |
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Activity 5B Developing an Interview Protocol |
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85 | (1) |
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Activity 5C Practicing Your Interviewing Skills |
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85 | (1) |
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Activity 5D Developing Skills of Observation |
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85 | (1) |
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Activity 5E Research Plan |
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86 | (1) |
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Shortcuts for Qualitative Data Collection in Action Research or Mini-Study |
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87 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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Conduct Short Interviews With Students |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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Chapter 6 Understanding Through Qualitative Data Analysis |
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89 | (20) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Data Analysis and Action Research |
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91 | (1) |
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Procedures for Data for Qualitative Analysis |
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92 | (8) |
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Preparing Data for Analysis |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (2) |
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Axial Coding and the Constant Comparative Method |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Diagramming Data Analysis |
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98 | (1) |
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Seeking Emergent Themes and Theories of Practice |
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98 | (1) |
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The Logistics of Data Analysis |
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99 | (1) |
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Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS) |
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99 | (1) |
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Understanding Validity and Trustworthiness |
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100 | (1) |
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Engaging a Critical Friend |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (2) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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Activity 6A Creating a Data Analysis Plan |
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102 | (1) |
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Activity 6B Practice Coding an Interview Transcript |
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103 | (1) |
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Activity 6C Practicing Data Analysis With Your Data |
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103 | (1) |
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Activity 6D Developing a Visual Diagram of Your Data |
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103 | (1) |
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Activity 6E Critical Friend Check-In |
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103 | (1) |
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Guidance for the Critical Friend |
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104 | (1) |
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Shortcuts for Qualitative Data Analysis in Action Research or Mini-Study |
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104 | (1) |
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Analyze Your Research Journal |
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104 | (1) |
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Analyze Preexisting Qualitative Data |
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104 | (1) |
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Extension: Create a Visual Diagram |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (4) |
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Appendix A Focus Group Example Transcript (shortened) |
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105 | (1) |
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Appendix B Focus Group Example Coded Transcript (shortened) |
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106 | (3) |
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Chapter 7 Quantitative Approaches to Data Collection and Analysis |
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109 | (22) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Working With Assessment Data |
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111 | (6) |
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111 | (1) |
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Criterion-Referenced Tests |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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Standardized Tests and Opportunities for Action Researchers |
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112 | (1) |
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Analyzing Achievement Test Data |
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113 | (1) |
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Comparing Subgroups and Longitudinal Trends |
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113 | (1) |
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Teacher-Created Assessments |
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114 | (1) |
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Developing Pre- and Posttests |
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115 | (1) |
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Suggestions for Rethinking Control Groups and Interventions |
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115 | (1) |
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Teacher Evaluation Instruments |
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116 | (1) |
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Surveys and Questionnaires |
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117 | (3) |
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Developing Survey Instruments |
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117 | (1) |
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Survey Formats and Question Types |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Considering Advantages and Limitations of Surveys |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Measures of Central Tendency |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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Quantitative Content Analysis |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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Vignette: Rocket Math: Using Mixed Methods to Understand Assessment |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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125 | (1) |
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Information About Standardized Testing |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (6) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Activity 7A Creating a Test Blueprint |
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126 | (1) |
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Activity 7B Creating a Survey |
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126 | (1) |
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Activity 7C Creating a Pre- and Post-Research Design |
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127 | (4) |
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Chapter 8 Reflection and the Action Research Report |
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131 | (18) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (4) |
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Writing as a Form of Reflection |
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134 | (1) |
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Addressing the Theory-Practice Divide |
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134 | (1) |
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Developing a Theory of Action |
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135 | (1) |
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Iterative Nature of Writing Up Findings |
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136 | (4) |
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Strategies and Step-by-Step Guide for Writing Reports |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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Methods and Data Collection Procedures |
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137 | (1) |
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Organizing Evidence and Developing Assertions |
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137 | (1) |
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Discussing the Significance of the Findings |
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137 | (1) |
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Proposing Additional Study |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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Generating Collaborative Action Research Reports |
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138 | (1) |
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Action Research Dissertations and Theses |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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Action Research as "Risky Business" |
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140 | (3) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Alternatives to Traditional Written Reports |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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Advocating for Yourself and Others |
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143 | (2) |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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Suggested Web-Based Resources |
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146 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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Professional Groups and Conferences |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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Activity 8A Action Research Journal Search |
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147 | (1) |
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Activity 8B Evaluating Action Research Articles |
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147 | (1) |
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Activity 8C Practice Writing Exercise |
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148 | (1) |
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Activity 8D Developing Conference Proposals |
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148 | (1) |
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Activity 8E Identifying Allies--External |
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148 | (1) |
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Activity 8F Identifying Allies--Internal |
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148 | (1) |
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Activity 8G Exploring Social Media Applications |
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148 | (1) |
Appendix |
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149 | (1) |
Final Action Research Report Rubric |
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149 | (1) |
References |
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150 | (6) |
Index |
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156 | |