Preface |
|
vii | |
|
1 Fluorescent Protein Labeling Techniques |
|
|
1 | (92) |
|
|
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
1.2 Fluorescent proteins and their mutants |
|
|
2 | (9) |
|
1.2.1 Colorful fluorescent proteins |
|
|
3 | (3) |
|
1.2.2 Fluorescent proteins with LSSs |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
1.2.3 Photon-activatable and photon-switchable fluorescent proteins |
|
|
7 | (2) |
|
1.2.4 Light-sensitive fluorescent proteins |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
1.2.5 Timer fluorescent protein |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
1.3 Reporter fluorescent protein probes |
|
|
11 | (7) |
|
1.3.1 Tracking proteins in live cells |
|
|
11 | (3) |
|
1.3.2 Monitoring of gene expression in live cells |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
1.3.3 Biological applications of photon-switchable proteins and photon-activatable proteins |
|
|
15 | (3) |
|
1.4 Functional fluorescent protein probes |
|
|
18 | (14) |
|
|
18 | (3) |
|
1.4.2 ATP fluorescent protein probes |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (2) |
|
1.4.4 Voltage-sensitive probes |
|
|
24 | (2) |
|
|
26 | (4) |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
1.5 Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes |
|
|
32 | (11) |
|
1.5.1 Introduction of FRET |
|
|
32 | (2) |
|
1.5.2 FRET imaging in cell biology research |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
1.5.3 Intramolecular FRET probes |
|
|
36 | (4) |
|
1.5.4 Intermolecular FRET probes |
|
|
40 | (3) |
|
1.6 BiFC technology based on fluorescent proteins |
|
|
43 | (6) |
|
1.6.1 Establishment of the BiFC detection method |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
1.6.2 Characteristics of BiFC technology |
|
|
44 | (2) |
|
1.6.3 Applications of BiFC technology |
|
|
46 | (2) |
|
1.6.4 Quantitative detection of protein interaction based on fluorescence signal of BiFC |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
1.6.5 Limiting factors of bimolecular fluorescent complementation |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
1.7 Intravital applications of fluorescent proteins in tumor imaging |
|
|
49 | (14) |
|
1.7.1 In vivo tumor optical imaging based on endogenously expressed fluorescent protein |
|
|
50 | (9) |
|
1.7.2 Optical imaging of tumor in vivo with targeting FP probes |
|
|
59 | (3) |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
1.8 Applications of fluorescent protein transgenic mice in intravital immune optical imaging |
|
|
63 | (30) |
|
1.8.1 Fluorescent protein transgenic animal models |
|
|
63 | (5) |
|
1.8.2 Applications of fluorescent protein-labeled pathogens in infection and immune imaging |
|
|
68 | (6) |
|
|
74 | (19) |
|
2 Two-photon Molecular Probe |
|
|
93 | (101) |
|
|
|
|
|
2.1 Introduction of two-photon absorption |
|
|
93 | (10) |
|
2.1.1 The basic concept of 2PA |
|
|
93 | (3) |
|
2.1.2 Measurements of 2PA effect |
|
|
96 | (3) |
|
2.1.3 Introduction to application of 2PA effect |
|
|
99 | (4) |
|
2.2 Molecular design and structure-property relationships of organic TPA materials |
|
|
103 | (16) |
|
2.2.1 One-dimensional asymmetric D-n-A molecules |
|
|
104 | (3) |
|
2.2.2 One-dimensional symmetric molecules |
|
|
107 | (5) |
|
2.2.3 Porphyrins and expanded porphyrinoids |
|
|
112 | (4) |
|
2.2.4 Multidimensional branched 2PA materials |
|
|
116 | (3) |
|
2.3 The development of two-photon fluorescent probes |
|
|
119 | (75) |
|
2.3.1 Brief introduction to response principle of fluorescent probes |
|
|
120 | (2) |
|
2.3.2 Traditional fluorescent probes for two-photon imaging |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
2.3.3 Typical fluorophores for TP probes |
|
|
122 | (3) |
|
2.3.4 Research development of TP probes |
|
|
125 | (56) |
|
2.3.5 Research prospection of TP probes |
|
|
181 | (5) |
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
|
186 | (8) |
|
3 Super-resolution Localization Microscopy |
|
|
194 | (41) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 Introduction and background |
|
|
194 | (6) |
|
3.1.2 Resolution limit of optical microscope |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
3.1.3 Improving the resolution of optical microscope |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
3.1.4 A Historical Overview of Super-Resolution Localization Microscopy |
|
|
197 | (2) |
|
3.1.5 Breaking the resolution limit by single-molecule localization |
|
|
199 | (1) |
|
3.2 Fluorescence probes for super-resolution localization microscopy |
|
|
200 | (8) |
|
3.2.1 Ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence |
|
|
200 | (2) |
|
3.2.2 Fluorescence probes and specific labeling |
|
|
202 | (2) |
|
3.2.3 Fluorescence ON/OFF control |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
3.2.4 Choosing the right fluorescence probes |
|
|
205 | (3) |
|
3.3 Methods and instrumentation in super-resolution localization microscopy |
|
|
208 | (10) |
|
3.3.1 Super-resolution localization microscopy methods: PALM versus STORM |
|
|
208 | (2) |
|
3.3.2 Super-resolution localization microscopy methods: Others |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
3.3.3 Instrumentation in super-resolution localization microscopy: Basic structure |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
3.3.4 Instrumentation in super-resolution localization microscopy: Key components |
|
|
211 | (3) |
|
3.3.5 Instrumentation in super-resolution localization microscopy: A typical setup |
|
|
214 | (2) |
|
3.3.6 Advances in super-resolution localization microscopy: Multicolor and 3D imaging |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
3.3.7 Commercial super-resolution localization microscopes |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
3.4 Data analysis in super-resolution localization microscopy |
|
|
218 | (9) |
|
3.4.1 Theoretical localization precision |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
3.4.2 Practical aspects for determining spatial resolution |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
3.4.3 Single-molecule localization for sparse emitters |
|
|
220 | (3) |
|
3.4.4 Single-molecule localization for high-density emitters |
|
|
223 | (2) |
|
3.4.5 Key steps in image analysis and reconstruction |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
3.4.6 Data analysis software |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
3.5 Example applications in super-resolution localization microscopy |
|
|
227 | (2) |
|
|
227 | (1) |
|
|
228 | (1) |
|
3.6 Conclusions and future prospects |
|
|
229 | (6) |
|
|
230 | (5) |
|
4 Photoacoustic Molecular (Functional) Imaging |
|
|
235 | (89) |
|
|
|
|
235 | (3) |
|
4.2 PAI principle, algorithm, and system |
|
|
238 | (37) |
|
|
238 | (1) |
|
4.2.2 Excitation of photoacoustic signal |
|
|
239 | (8) |
|
4.2.3 Photoacoustic scanning method and its imaging algorithm |
|
|
247 | (7) |
|
|
254 | (16) |
|
4.2.5 Special problems involved |
|
|
270 | (5) |
|
4.3 Domestic and foreign statuses |
|
|
275 | (23) |
|
4.3.1 Foreign research status |
|
|
275 | (11) |
|
4.3.2 Domestic research status |
|
|
286 | (12) |
|
4.4 Application development trend |
|
|
298 | (26) |
|
4.4.1 Application research of photoacoustic microcirculation imaging and early tumor detection and treatment monitoring |
|
|
299 | (7) |
|
4.4.2 Research on application of living body photoacoustic blood function parameters (blood oxygen and carbon oxygen saturation) detection |
|
|
306 | (3) |
|
4.4.3 Application research on photoacoustic identification and imaging of vulnerable plaque components in blood vessels |
|
|
309 | (4) |
|
4.4.4 Application research on thermoacoustic imaging in testing of low-dentistry foreign bodies |
|
|
313 | (2) |
|
4.4.5 Application research on thermoacoustic imaging in testing of breast cancer |
|
|
315 | (3) |
|
|
318 | (6) |
|
5 Optical Molecular Imaging for Small Animals in vivo |
|
|
324 | (78) |
|
|
|
|
5.1 Models of light propagation in tissue |
|
|
324 | (19) |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
5.1.2 Light transport equation |
|
|
325 | (4) |
|
5.1.3 Diffusion approximation method |
|
|
329 | (4) |
|
|
333 | (10) |
|
5.2 Diffuse optical tomography |
|
|
343 | (11) |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
|
344 | (4) |
|
5.2.3 Image reconstruction methods in DOT |
|
|
348 | (4) |
|
5.2.4 Applications in biomedical research |
|
|
352 | (2) |
|
5.3 In vivo optical molecular imaging of small animals |
|
|
354 | (21) |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
5.3.2 Planar fluorescence molecular imaging |
|
|
355 | (6) |
|
5.3.3 Fluorescence molecular tomography |
|
|
361 | (9) |
|
5.3.4 Bioluminescence tomography |
|
|
370 | (5) |
|
5.4 Multimodality molecular imaging of small animals in vivo |
|
|
375 | (27) |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
5.4.2 Multimodality molecular imaging systems |
|
|
376 | (6) |
|
5.4.3 Image reconstruction and multimodal image fusion |
|
|
382 | (5) |
|
5.4.4 Applications in biomedical research |
|
|
387 | (6) |
|
|
393 | (9) |
Index |
|
402 | |