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El. knyga: Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management Practices

Edited by , Edited by (Indian Council for Agricultural Research, India), Edited by (Faculty Member, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural), Edited by , Edited by (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa-Samastipur (Bihar), India)
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Aug-2021
  • Leidėjas: Woodhead Publishing
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128223598
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Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management PracticesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Aug-2021
  • Leidėjas: Woodhead Publishing
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128223598
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Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management Practices focuses on the integrated interactions between soil-plant-microbe-environment elements in a functioning ecosystem. It explains sustainable nutrient management under organic farming and agriculture, with chapters focusing on the role of nutrient management in sustaining global ecosystems, the remediation of polluted soils, conservation practices, degradation of pollutants, biofertilizers and biopesticides, critical biogeochemical cycles, potential responses for current and impending environmental change, and other critical factors. Organic farming is both challenging and exciting, as its practice of “feeding the soil, not the plant provides opportunity to better understand why some growing methods are preferred over others.

In the simplest terms, organic growing is based on maintaining a living soil with a diverse population of micro and macro soil organisms. Organic matter (OM) is maintained in the soil through the addition of compost, animal manure, green manures and the avoidance of excess mechanization.

  • Presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances and new developments in the field OF research within a relevant theoretical framework
  • Highlights the scope of the inexpensive and improved management practices
  • Focuses on the role of nutrient management in sustaining the ecosystems
Contributors ix
1 Concept and global scenario of organic farming
Dibakar Mahanta
J.K. Bisht
Lakshmi Kant
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Concept of organic farming
2(2)
1.3 Global scenario of organic farming
4(11)
1.4 Conclusion
15(2)
References
15(2)
2 Conservation agricultural practices under organic farming
Agniva Mandal
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal
Pabitra Kumar Mani
Amardeep Singh Toor
2.1 Introduction
17(1)
2.2 Conservation agriculture (CA) and its advantages
17(2)
2.3 Challenges in adopting conservation practices in organic farming (OF)
19(1)
2.4 Soil health and quality as affected by CA and OF
19(6)
2.5 Impact of CA and OF on weed, disease and pest management
25(3)
2.6 Impact on crop performances
28(1)
2.7 Introduction of new optimized techniques
29(1)
2.8 Conclusion and future outlook
30(9)
References
31(8)
3 Soil fertility management in organic farming
Prabhakar Barnwal
Shiva Devika
Sonam Singh
Tusarkanta Behera
Aditi Chourasia
Biswajit Pramanick
Vijay Singh Meena
Amitava Rakshit
3.1 Loss of organic matter and its restoration
39(1)
3.2 Management controls on soil carbon
39(2)
3.3 Soil fertility renewal and preservation: Organic farming
41(1)
3.4 Nutrient cycling in depleted organic reservoir
41(2)
3.5 Resource optimization
43(1)
3.6 Organic fertility is not a matter of input substitution
43(1)
3.7 Biologically mediated buffering
44(1)
3.8 Conclusions
45(2)
References
45(2)
4 Microbial community structure in organic farming and their management
Anand Kumar Naorem
Jaison Maverick
Puja Singh
Shiva Kumar Udayana
4.1 Soil microbes in organic farming: An introduction
47(1)
4.2 Soil microbial abundance and diversity in organic soils
48(3)
4.3 The development of disease suppression in organic soils
51(1)
4.4 Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen as reliable soil health indicators in organic soils
52(1)
4.5 Soil microbial respiration in organic soils
53(1)
4.6 Does organic soils promote microbial enzyme activities?
53(1)
4.7 Factors affecting soil microbial abundance and diversity in organic soils
54(1)
4.8 Management of soil microbial structure under organic fanning
55(1)
4.9 Conclusions
55(4)
References
56(3)
5 Use of microbial biostimulants in organic farming
Neeshu Joshi
Hanuman Prasad Parewa
Shourabh Joshi
Jitendra Kumar Sharma
Uma Nath Shukla
Arunima Paliwal
Varsha Gupta
5.1 Introduction
59(1)
5.2 Biostimulants
60(1)
5.3 Microbial biostimulants
61(2)
5.4 Commercially available biopreparations and bioproducts
63(2)
5.5 Mechanism associated with microbial biostimulants
65(2)
5.6 Microorganisms affecting stress tolerance
67(2)
5.7 Conclusion
69(6)
References
69(6)
6 Remediation of salt affected soils through microbes to promote organic farming
Anand Kumar Naorem
Shiva Kumar Udayana
6.1 Soil salinization: Extent and potential threats to crop productivity
75(1)
6.2 Soil salinity management with beneficial soil microorganisms
75(3)
6.3 Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for ameliorating salinity stress
78(1)
6.4 Halophiles: Overview and classification
79(1)
6.5 Mechanisms of salt stress alleviation via PGPR
80(6)
6.6 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Bio-ameliorators of saline soils
86(1)
6.7 Cyanobacteria: An add-ons of the beneficial soil microbiota
87(1)
6.8 Rhizosphere engineering: Manipulating the plant-microbiome interactions in saline soils
87(1)
6.9 Future studies and conclusions
88(5)
References
89(4)
7 Improving soil micronutrient availability under organic farming
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal
Vivek Sharma
Agniva Mandal
Rama Krishna Naresh
Gayatri Verma
7.1 Introduction
93(1)
7.2 Micronutrients and plant health
94(1)
7.3 Micronutrients for human and animal health
94(1)
7.4 Micronutrient diagnosis approaches
95(1)
7.5 Micronutrients sources and behavior in soil
96(2)
7.6 Micronutrients in relation to manures and fertilizers
98(5)
7.7 Kunapajala and Panchagavya manures in relation to micronutrients
103(1)
7.8 Organic sources in relation to micronutrients
104(3)
7.9 Soil organic build-up on micronutrient dynamics and transformations
107(2)
7.10 Summary
109(6)
References
109(6)
8 Organic plant nutrient, protection and production management
L.C. De
Tulipa De
S.S. Biswas
N.S. Kalaivanan
8.1 Introduction
115(1)
8.2 Organic plant nutrition
115(7)
8.3 Organic protection
122(4)
8.4 Organic production management
126(7)
References
130(1)
Further reading
131(2)
9 Role of biofertilizers and biopesticides in organic farming
Hanuman Prasad Parewa
Neeshu Joshi
Vijay Singh Meena
Shourabh Joshi
Anirudh Choudhary
Moola Ram
Suresh Chand Meena
Lokesh Kumar Jain
9.1 Introduction
133(1)
9.2 Biofertilizers
134(1)
9.3 Biopesticides
134(18)
9.4 Concluding remarks and future prospects
152(9)
References
153(6)
Further reading
159(2)
10 Toward the mitigation of biotic and abiotic stresses through plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
Hossein Zahedi
10.1 Introduction
161(2)
10.2 Biotic stress
163(1)
10.3 Abiotic stress
164(9)
References
169(4)
11 Organic seed production and certification with special reference to Rajasthan
Kailash Chandra
Subhash Chand
C.L. Khatik
H.S. Jatav
Santosh Kumar
A.K. Pandey
Sandhya
Subhash Mahla
Omprakash
Ma. Khan
Ramu Meena
Sunil Kumar
Rajesh Singhal
Gaytri Kumawat
11.1 Introduction
173(1)
11.2 Seed and organic seed
173(1)
11.3 Why organic seed?
174(2)
11.4 National Organic Standards (NOS) for organic seed production
176(1)
11.5 Crop production plan
176(1)
11.6 Basis of organic seed production
177(1)
11.7 Plant breeding for organic agriculture
177(1)
11.8 Relevant facet for organic seed production
177(1)
11.9 Organic seed production
178(5)
11.10 Organic certification mark
183(1)
11.11 Guidelines for certification of grower's crop (organized group of farmer involved in organic crop production)
183(1)
11.12 Breeding strategy for organic cultivar development
183(1)
11.13 Squeezing of biological diversity
183(1)
11.14 Certified organic products (COPs)
183(1)
11.15 Organic seed certification
184(1)
11.16 With perspective to Rajasthan
184(1)
11.17 Need for organic seed certification
184(1)
11.18 Various forms available
185(1)
11.19 Criteria to be fulfilled during investigation for certification
185(1)
11.20 Application procedure for organic certification
185(1)
11.21 For individual organic operator following documents are required with application forms
185(1)
11.22 Requirement for registration as organic grower groups
186(1)
11.23 Progressive implementation
187(1)
11.24 Need of organic farming/agriculture
187(1)
11.25 Benefits of organic seed systems
188(1)
11.26 Future challenges
188(1)
11.27 Facts to overcome constraints/challenges of organic seed production
188(1)
11.28 Key challenges while promoting organic farming
189(1)
11.29 Strategies to promote organic farming
189(1)
11.30 Suggested organic farming techniques/recommended techniques for organic farming
189(1)
11.31 Conclusion
189(2)
References
190(1)
12 Organic vegetable production and its impact on soil, environment and society
Kumari Shubha
N. Raju Singh
Anirban Mukherjee
Abhishek Kumar Dubey
Ramnath K. Ray
12.1 Introduction
191(1)
12.2 Organic vegetable productions
192(2)
12.3 Disease and pest management in organic vegetables
194(2)
12.4 Soil health management in organic vegetables
196(3)
12.5 Impact on environment
199(3)
12.6 Impact of organic vegetable production on society
202(2)
12.7 Conclusions
204(5)
References
204(5)
13 Toward the organic product certification: Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) in the certification process and the contribution of Ecovida Agroecology Network
Luciano Zanetti Pessoa Candiotto
13.1 Introduction
209(1)
13.2 Organic product certification
210(1)
13.3 Historical elements of organic certification
211(2)
13.4 Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS): Studies and principles
213(3)
13.5 The relationship between PGS and agroecology
216(1)
13.6 PGS and the Ecovida Agroecology Network
217(3)
13.7 Final remarks
220(3)
References
221(2)
14 Challenges and prospective trends of various industrial and solid wastes incorporated with sustainable green concrete
Salmabanu Luhar
Ismail Luhar
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
Kamarudin Hussin
14.1 Introduction
223(1)
14.2 Supplementary waste materials
224(11)
14.3 Prospective trends en route for manufacturing of concrete with green concept
235(1)
14.4 An existing hindrances and challenges encountered in pathway of green concrete
236(1)
14.5 Conclusions
237(4)
References
238(3)
15 Conventional versus organic farming: Nutrient status
Neha Chausali
Jyoti Saxena
15.1 Introduction
241(2)
15.2 Nutrient status: Conventional v/s organic food
243(5)
15.3 Effects of organic farming practices on soil properties
248(1)
15.4 Challenges with organic food
249(1)
15.5 Future perspective
250(1)
15.6 Conclusions
250(5)
References
250(4)
Website references
254(1)
Further reading
254(1)
Index 255
Dr. Vijay Singh Meena has made remarkable contributions in the field of agricultural research, aligning his efforts with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Particularly, his work focuses on evaluating and promoting climate-resilient technologies for diverse cropping systems, directly contributing to SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).

His expertise lies in optimizing input usage, fostering carbon-neutral farming practices, and enhancing productivity and profitability in agriculture, which are integral to achieving SDG 2 by ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, his initiatives in evaluating climate-resilient technologies align with SDG 13 by addressing climate change impacts and promoting adaptation measures in agriculture.

Dr. Meena's academic background in Soil Science and Cropping System Management, coupled with his extensive research experience, has equipped him with a profound understanding of cropping systems. His expertise in input optimization, quantitative cropping systems analysis, and soil health management has significantly contributed to improving livelihoods in South Asia, thus supporting SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 2.

Furthermore, Dr. Meena has been recognized for his scientific excellence, receiving prestigious awards such as the INSA Young Scientist Award and the IASWC Budding Scientist Award, which further highlights his contributions towards achieving the SDGs. In summary, Dr. Vijay Singh Meena's outstanding achievements, leadership abilities, and commitment to agricultural innovation directly contribute to advancing the SDGs, particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 13 (Climate Action), and make him a valuable asset in promoting climate-resilient agriculture and sustainable food systems.

Ms. Sunita Kumari Meena - is an accomplished professional serving as an Assistant Professor at RPCAU (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University) in Pusa, Bihar. With her expertise in the field of agriculture, she has made significant contributions to research and education, particularly in the areas of crop science and agricultural extension.

As an Assistant Professor, Ms. Sunita Kumari Meena actively engages in teaching, mentoring, and guiding students pursuing agricultural studies. Her dedication to imparting knowledge and fostering a strong understanding of crop science among her students is commendable. She utilizes innovative teaching methods and practical demonstrations to ensure that students grasp concepts effectively.

In addition to her teaching responsibilities, Ms. Meena is actively involved in research activities at RPCAU. Her research primarily focuses on crop improvement, agronomy, and sustainable farming practices. She conducts field trials, experiments, and data analysis to explore novel techniques for enhancing crop productivity, improving agricultural practices, and mitigating challenges faced by farmers.

Amitava Rakshit is a faculty member of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry at the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University. His research areas include nutrient use efficiency, simulations modelling, organic farming, integrated nutrient management, and bioremediation. His consulting capabilities are composting techniques, soil health management, and input quality control. He is currently the Chief Editor of the International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Biotechnology. He is a member of the Global Forum on Food Security and Nutrition of FAO, Rome, and the Commission on Ecosystem Management of International Union for Conservation of Nature. Dr. Stanley was born on 8th October, 1980 at Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India. He is graduated in Agriculture from Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam and did his M.Sc and Ph.D in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. He joined Agricultural Research Service (ARS 2005) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi in 2008 and currently working as Senior Scientist (Agricultural Entomology) in ICAR-VPKAS, Almora, Uttarakhand. He is working on the integrated management of agricultural pests especially using bioagents and pheromones. He is also working on pesticide toxicity to non-target organisms i.e, biocontrol agents and other beneficial insects/ organisms. He is also working on pollinator management. He has successfully completed four research projects and five projects are currently being handled including projects of FAO, DST, NASF etc. He has published more than 40 research papers, 3 books and 6 book chapters. He has filed three patents and two of his technologies are commercialized for mass production and use. Born in Anigandlapadu, Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh on 4 October 1965. Educated at ZP High School, Anigandlapadu, 1975-80; SGS College Jaggaiahpet, 1980-82; Agricultural College, Bapatla, 1982-88; Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 1988-92; Tel-Aviv University, Israel, 1998-99; B.Sc (Ag) 1982; M.Sc(Ag) 1988; Ph.D 1992; Post-Doctoral 1999. Dr. Rao is currently working as a Director, ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, before that he has served as a Scientist, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 1992-98; Senior Scientist, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur and Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, 1998-2006; Principal Scientist, 2006-13 and Project Coordinator, All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad (CRIDA), Hyderabad, 2013-14; Deputation to International Crop Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics, Patancheru, 2006-2008; Director, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, 2014-17.
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