El. knyga: Al-Mushtaq''s Picnic in Breaking Through Horizons

The book "Nuzhat al-Mushtaq fi Penetrating Horizons" by Sharif al-Idrisi is considered one of the eyes of the Arab geographical heritage. Its author is one of the greatest geographers in history, and the first to write a map atlas. He is Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Idris. His lineage extends to Al-Hasan bin Ali, may God be pleased with him. He was born in the city of Ceuta, Morocco, in the year 493 AH/1099 AD. His Idrisid title goes back to his great-grandfather Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid state in Marrakesh.In this book, Al-Idrisi divided the known world - at his time - into seven sections, based on dividing the globe into seven climatic regions in the form of rectangular belts, and he based his concept of the shape of the Earth on the concept of the Arab geographers who took from Ptolemy the theory of the sphericity of the Earth, and the book is dominated by the descriptive approach in Geography of cities, and thus it does not give judgments or build theories on results. What distinguishes this approach is that it predominates in a logical sequence in describing most of the cities it deals with. We find it first determining their location, then recording the most important natural features in it, then describing the river on which it is located or the nearby sea.