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Alginates: Applications in the Biomedical and Food Industries [Kietas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Hardback, 336 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 10x10x10 mm, weight: 454 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 05-Apr-2019
  • Leidėjas: Wiley-Scrivener
  • ISBN-10: 1119487919
  • ISBN-13: 9781119487913
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Alginates: Applications in the Biomedical and Food IndustriesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 336 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 10x10x10 mm, weight: 454 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 05-Apr-2019
  • Leidėjas: Wiley-Scrivener
  • ISBN-10: 1119487919
  • ISBN-13: 9781119487913
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781119487913.html
Raktažodžiai:

Alginate is a hydrophilic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and relatively economical polymer generally found in marine brown algae. The modification in the alginate molecule after polymerization has shown strong potential in biomedical, pharmaceutical and biotechnology applications such as wound dressing, drug delivery, dental treatment, in cell culture and tissue engineering. Besides this, alginates have industrial applications too in the paper and food industries as plasticizers and additives. 

The few books that have been published on alginates focus more on their biology. This current book focuses on the exploration of alginates and their modification, characterization, derivatives, composites, hydrogels as well as the new and emerging applications.  

Preface xv
Part 1 Alginates---Introduction, Characterization and Properties
1(78)
1 Alginates: General Introduction and Properties
3(18)
Rutika Sehgal
Akshita Mehta
Reena Gupta
1.1 Introduction
4(1)
1.2 History
4(1)
1.3 Structure
4(2)
1.4 Alginates and Their Properties
6(5)
1.4.1 Gel Formation
6(1)
1.4.1.1 Ionic Alginate Gels
6(2)
1.4.1.2 Alginic Acid Gels
8(1)
1.4.2 Molecular Weight
8(1)
1.4.3 Solubility and Viscosity
8(1)
1.4.4 Ionic Cross-Linking
9(1)
1.4.5 Chemical Properties
9(2)
1.5 Sources
11(1)
1.6 Biosynthesis of Bacterial Alginate
11(5)
1.6.1 Precursor Synthesis
12(1)
1.6.2 Polymerization and Cytoplasmic Membrane Transfer
13(2)
1.6.3 Periplasmic Transfer and Modification
15(1)
1.6.3.1 Transacetylases
15(1)
1.6.3.2 Mannuronan C 5-Epimerases
16(1)
1.6.3.3 Lyases
16(1)
1.6.5 Export through the Outer Membrane
16(1)
1.7 Conclusion
16(5)
Acknowledgment
17(1)
Conflict of Interests
17(1)
References
17(4)
2 Alginates Production, Characterization and Modification
21(24)
Pintu Pandit
T. N. Gayatri
Baburaj Regubalan
2.1 Introduction
22(2)
2.2 Alginate: Production
24(4)
2.2.1 Screening of Alginate-Producing Microbes
24(1)
2.2.2 Production of Alginate by Bacteria
25(1)
2.2.3 Production of Alginate by Pseudomonas
26(1)
2.2.4 Production of Alginate by Azotobacter spp.
26(1)
2.2.5 Influence of Medium Components
26(1)
2.2.5.1 Effect of Nutrients on Bacterial Alginate Production
26(1)
2.2.5.2 Effect of Phosphate on Bacterial Alginate Production
27(1)
2.2.5.3 Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Bacterial Alginate Production
27(1)
2.2.5.4 Effect of Agitation in the Medium for the Production of Alginate
27(1)
2.2.6 Commercial Production of Alginate
28(1)
2.3 Characterization of Physicochemical Properties of Alginate
28(5)
2.3.1 Composition of Alginate Polymer Chains
29(2)
2.3.2 XRD, FTIR, and NMR Spectroscopy for Alginate Structure Analysis
31(1)
2.3.3 Rheology and Mechanical Characterization of Alginate Gels and Solutions
32(1)
2.4 Modification of Alginates
33(5)
2.4.1 Chemical Modification
33(1)
2.4.2 Oxidation
34(1)
2.4.3 Sulfation
34(1)
2.4.4 Phosphorylation
35(1)
2.4.5 Graft Copolymerization
35(1)
2.4.6 Esterification
35(1)
2.4.7 Carbodiimide Coupling
36(1)
2.4.8 Covalent Cross-Linking
36(2)
2.5 Future Perspectives
38(1)
2.6 Conclusions
39(6)
References
39(6)
3 Alginate: Recent Progress and Technological Prospects
45(14)
Tanvir Arfin
Kamini Sonawane
3.1 Introduction
45(1)
3.2 Structure
46(1)
3.3 Sources
47(1)
3.4 Characteristics of Alginate Salts
48(1)
3.5 Properties
48(2)
3.6 Applications
50(3)
3.7 Future Perspectives
53(1)
3.8 Advantages
54(1)
3.9 Disadvantages
54(1)
3.10 Conclusion
54(5)
Acknowledgments
55(1)
References
55(4)
4 Alginate Hydrogel and Aerogel
59(20)
Ajith James Jose
Kavya Mohan
Alice Vavachan
4.1 Introduction
59(1)
4.2 Alginate Hydrogel
60(10)
4.2.1 Preparation of Alginate Hydrogels
61(1)
4.2.1.1 Ionic Cross-Linking
62(1)
4.2.1.2 Covalent Cross-Linking
62(1)
4.2.1.3 Thermal Gelation
62(1)
4.2.1.4 Cell Cross-Linking
63(1)
4.2.2 Biomedical Applications
63(1)
4.2.2.1 Pharmaceutical Applications
63(5)
4.2.3 Tissue Regeneration with Protein and Cell Delivery
68(1)
4.2.3.1 Bloodvessels
68(1)
4.2.3.2 Bones
69(1)
4.2.3.3 Cartilage
69(1)
4.2.3.4 Muscle, Nerve, Pancreas, and Liver
70(1)
4.3 Alginate Aerogel
70(3)
4.3.1 Properties of Alginate Aerogels
71(1)
4.3.1.1 Bulk Density and Pore Volume
71(1)
4.3.1.2 Specific Surface Area
71(1)
4.3.1.3 Compressibility
71(1)
4.3.1.4 Thermal Conductivity and Absorption
72(1)
4.3.2 Preparative Methods
72(1)
4.4 Future Perspectives
73(6)
References
73(6)
Part 2 Alginates in Biomedical Applications
79(126)
5 Alginate in Biomedical Applications
81(14)
Luiz Pereira da Costa
5.1 Introduction
81(2)
5.2 Chemical Structure and Properties of Alginate
83(1)
5.3 Types of Interaction of Alginate
84(3)
5.4 Biomedical Application of Alginates
87(3)
5.5 Future Perspective of the Use and Biomedical Applications
90(5)
References
90(5)
6 Alginates in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Application: A Critique
95(30)
Vivek Dave
Kajal Tak
Chavi Gupta
Kanika Verma
Swapnil Sharma
6.1 Introduction
95(1)
6.2 Structure of Alginate
96(1)
6.3 Different Types of Alginates Used in Pharmaceutical Industries
97(1)
6.4 Properties of Alginate
98(1)
6.5 Pathway for the Biosynthesis of Alginate
98(2)
6.6 Regulatory Consideration of Alginate
100(1)
6.7 Applications
100(14)
6.7.1 Other Applications
113(1)
6.8 Conclusion
114(11)
References
115(10)
7 Alginates in Evolution of Restorative Dentistry
125(16)
S.C. Onwubu
P.S. Mdluli
S. Singh
Y. Ngombane
7.1 Introduction
125(1)
7.2 Method of Alginate Extraction
126(2)
7.3 Evolution of Alginate in Restorative Dentistry
128(5)
7.3.1 Problems with Conventional Alginate
129(1)
7.3.2 Current Trends and Modification of Alginate
129(1)
7.3.2.1 Extended Pour Time Alginate
130(1)
7.3.2.2 Dust-Free Alginates
130(2)
7.3.2.3 Infection-Free Alginates
132(1)
7.3.2.4 High Viscosity Alginates
132(1)
7.3.2.5 Alginates in Two Pastes Form
133(1)
7.3.2.6 Tray Adhesive Alginates
133(1)
7.4 The Art of Impression Taking Using Alginates
133(5)
7.4.1 Selection of Impression Trays
134(1)
7.4.2 Mixing and Loading Alginates
135(1)
7.4.3 Preparation of the Oral Cavity before Impression Taking
135(1)
7.4.4 Impression Taking Using Alginate Material
136(1)
7.4.5 Removal and Inspection of Alginate Material
137(1)
7.4.6 Effects of Cast Production Techniques
137(1)
7.5 Conclusions
138(3)
References
138(3)
8 Alginates in Drug Delivery
141(12)
Srijita Basumallick
8.1 Introduction
141(1)
8.2 Chemistry of Alginates
142(2)
8.2.1 Hydrogel Formation by Alginates
143(1)
8.2.1.1 Preparation of Hydrogel
143(1)
8.3 Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Chemistry of Alginates
144(5)
8.3.1 Factors Governing Drug Encapsulation and Drug Delivery Processes
145(1)
8.3.1.1 Delivery and Encapsulation of Small Drugs
145(3)
8.3.1.2 Macromolecular Drug Delivery by Alginates
148(1)
8.4 Conclusions
149(4)
Acknowledgments
149(1)
References
149(4)
9 Alginate in Wound Care
153(26)
Satyaranjan Bairagi
S. Wazed Ali
9.1 Introduction
154(1)
9.2 Sources and Synthesis of Alginate
154(2)
9.3 Physicochemical Properties of the Alginate Biopolymer
156(1)
9.4 Biomedical Applications of Alginate
157(15)
9.4.1 Alginate in Wound Care
158(2)
9.4.1.1 Pure Alginate Polymer-Based Wound Dressing
160(1)
9.4.1.2 Intercellular Mediators Incorporated Alginate Polymer-Based Wound Dressing
160(1)
9.4.1.3 Zinc/Alginate- and Silver/Alginate-Based Wound Dressing
161(2)
9.4.1.4 Chitosan/Alginate- and Collagen/Alginate-Based Wound Dressing
163(1)
9.4.1.5 Alginate Fiber-Based Wound Dressing
163(4)
9.4.1.6 Alginate Hydrogel-Based Wound Dressing
167(5)
9.5 Opportunities and Future Thrust
172(7)
References
173(6)
10 Alginate-Based Biomaterials for Bio-Medical Applications
179(26)
Reena Antil
Ritu Hooda
Minakshi Sharm
Pushpa Dahiya
10.1 Introduction
180(1)
10.2 Alginate: General Properties
180(2)
10.2.1 Chemical Properties, Structure, and Characterization
181(1)
10.3 Extraction and Preparation
182(5)
10.3.1 Gelation and Cross-Linking of Alginate
183(1)
10.3.2 Ionic Cross-Linking
184(1)
10.3.3 External Gelation
184(1)
10.3.4 Internal Gelation
185(1)
10.3.5 Covalent Cross-Linking
185(1)
10.3.6 Large Bead Preparation
186(1)
10.3.7 Microbead Preparation
186(1)
10.4 Alginate Hydrogels
187(1)
10.5 Photocross-Linking
188(1)
10.6 Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds
188(1)
10.7 Biodegradation of Alginate
189(1)
10.8 Biomedical Application of Alginates
190(15)
10.8.1 Controlled Chemical and Protein Drug Delivery
190(3)
10.8.2 Wound/Injury Dressings
193(1)
10.8.3 Cell Culture
194(1)
10.8.4 Tissue Regeneration
195(1)
References
196(9)
Part 3 Alginates in Food Industry
205(76)
11 Alginates for Food Packaging Applications
207(26)
Radhika Theagarajan
Sayantani Dutta
J.A. Moses
C. Anandharamakrishnan
11.1 Introduction
207(1)
11.2 Biopolymer in Food Industry
208(1)
11.3 Alginates in Food Packaging
209(4)
11.4 Biosynthesis of Alginate
213(2)
11.5 Application of Alginate in Formation of Biofilm
215(2)
11.5.1 Preparation of Packaging Films
215(1)
11.5.2 Role of Alginate in Biofilm Formation
215(2)
11.6 Packaging Properties of Alginate
217(5)
11.6.1 Thermostability of Alginate Packaging
218(1)
11.6.2 Water Solubility
218(1)
11.6.3 Water Vapor Permeability
218(1)
11.6.4 Tensile Strength
218(1)
11.6.5 Oxygen Permeability
219(1)
11.6.6 Barrier Property
219(1)
11.6.7 Antimicrobial Activity
219(3)
11.7 Effect of Alginate on the Quality of Food
222(1)
11.8 Interaction between Food and Alginates
223(1)
11.9 Environmental Effects on Alginate Packaging
224(1)
11.10 Market Outlook
224(1)
11.11 Conclusion
225(8)
References
226(7)
12 Potential Application of Alginates in the Beverage Industry
233(30)
S. Vijayalakshmi
S.K. Sivakamasundari
J.A. Moses
C. Anandharamakrishnan
12.1 Introduction
233(1)
12.2 Alginate Source
234(1)
12.3 Extraction of Alginates
235(1)
12.4 Physical, Chemical and Functional Properties of Alginate
236(5)
12.5 Uses as a Food Additive/Ingredient
241(4)
12.6 Alginate as Stabilizer
245(2)
12.7 As Encapsulating Wall Material
247(7)
12.7.1 Immobilization of Biocatalysts
249(1)
12.7.2 Probiotics
250(3)
12.7.3 Improvement of the Alginate Encapsulation: Prebiotics Addition
253(1)
12.8 Conclusion
254(9)
References
254(9)
13 Alginates in Comestibles
263(18)
Ashwini Ravi
S. Vijayanand
Velu Rajeshkannan
S. Aisverya
K. Sangeetha
P.N. Sudha
J. Hemapriya
13.1 Introduction
264(1)
13.2 Alginates in Agricultural Marketing
265(1)
13.3 Use of Alginates in Food Industry
266(5)
13.3.1 Thickeners and Gelling Agents
267(1)
13.3.2 Stabilizers and Emulsifiers
268(1)
13.3.3 Texturizers
269(1)
13.3.4 Encapsulation
269(1)
13.3.5 Food Coating
270(1)
13.4 Use of Alginates for Pets
271(1)
13.5 Effect of Dietary Alginates
271(1)
13.6 Alginate Safety
272(1)
13.7 Conclusion
272(9)
References
272(9)
Part 4 Alginates Future Prospects
281(32)
14 Alginates: Current Uses and Future Perspective
283(30)
Ashwini Ravi
S. Vijayanand
G. Ramya
A. Shyamala
Velu Rajeshkannan
S. Aisverya
R.N. Sudha
J. Hemapriya
14.1 Introduction
284(1)
14.2 Sources of Alginate Synthesis
285(3)
14.2.1 Brown Seaweeds
285(2)
14.2.2 Bacteria
287(1)
14.3 Synthesis of Alginate
288(2)
14.3.1 Alginate Biosynthesis Gene
289(1)
14.4 Properties of Alginates
290(4)
14.4.1 Molecular Weight
290(1)
14.4.2 Solubility
291(1)
14.4.3 Stability
291(1)
14.4.4 Ionic Binding Property
292(1)
14.4.5 Gel Formation Ability
293(1)
14.4.6 Biological Properties
293(1)
14.5 Application of Alginates
294(1)
14.6 Future Perspectives of Alginates
295(5)
14.6.1 3D-Based Cell Culture Systems
295(1)
14.6.2 Impressions
296(1)
14.6.3 Cell-Based Microparticles
296(2)
14.6.4 Alginate Oligosaccharides
298(1)
14.6.5 Drug Targeting
299(1)
14.6.6 Nanoparticulate Systems
300(1)
14.7 Conclusion
300(13)
References
300(13)
Index 313
Shakeel Ahmed is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College Mendhar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. He obtained his PhD in the area of biopolymers and bionanocomposites and has published several research publications in the area of green nanomaterials and biopolymers for various applications including biomedical, packaging, sensors, and water treatment. He has edited or co-edited 4 books for Wiley-Scrivener.