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Archaeological Chemistry 3rd edition [Kietas viršelis]

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(The British Museum, UK), (Eastern Michigan University, USA), (University of Oxford, UK)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 607 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 1054 g, No
  • Išleidimo metai: 16-Dec-2016
  • Leidėjas: Royal Society of Chemistry
  • ISBN-10: 1782624260
  • ISBN-13: 9781782624264
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Archaeological Chemistry 3rd editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 607 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, weight: 1054 g, No
  • Išleidimo metai: 16-Dec-2016
  • Leidėjas: Royal Society of Chemistry
  • ISBN-10: 1782624260
  • ISBN-13: 9781782624264
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781782624264.html
Raktažodžiai:
The use of chemistry in archaeology can help archaeologists answer questions about the nature and origin of the many organic and inorganic finds recovered through excavation, providing valuable information about the social history of humankind. This textbook tackles the fundamental issues in chemical studies of archaeological materials. Examining the most widely used analytical techniques in archaeology, the third edition of this comprehensive textbook features a new chapter on proteomics, capturing significant developments in protein recognition for dating and characterisation. The textbook has been updated to encompass the latest developments in the field. The textbook explores several archaeological investigations in which chemistry has been employed in tracing the origins of or in studying artefacts, and includes chapters on obsidian, ceramics, glass, metals and resins. It is an essential companion to students in archaeological science and chemistry, as well as to archaeologists, and those involved in conserving human artefacts.

Recenzijos

This is a book which must be read by all serious students of archaeology and also by those like me who would like to know more about the past. * Chromatographia *

1 The Development of Archaeological Chemistry
1(27)
1.1 Introduction
1(3)
1.2 Early Chemical Investigations of Archaeological Material
4(6)
1.3 The Growth of Scientific Archaeology in the 20th Century
10(6)
1.4 Current Status and Scope of Archaeological Chemistry
16(2)
1.5 The Structure of This Volume
18(2)
1.6 Further Reading
20(8)
References
21(7)
2 Analytical Techniques Applied to Archaeological Materials
28(76)
2.1 Introduction
28(1)
2.2 The Structure of the Atom, the Electromagnetic Spectrum and Analytical Spectroscopy
29(5)
2.3 Techniques Based on Optical Wavelengths
34(11)
2.4 Techniques Using X-rays
45(21)
2.5 Neutron Activation Analysis
66(7)
2.6 Mass Spectrometric Techniques
73(9)
2.7 Chromatographic Techniques
82(7)
2.8 Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy
89(2)
2.9 Other Techniques
91(3)
2.10 Intercomparisons between Analytical Techniques and the Use of `Legacy' Data
94(10)
References
96(8)
3 Obsidian Characterization in the Eastern Mediterranean
104(28)
3.1 Introduction
104(2)
3.2 Origin and Formation of Obsidian
106(5)
3.3 Sources of Obsidian in the Eastern Mediterranean and Neighbouring Regions
111(2)
3.4 Review of Analytical Work
113(5)
3.5 The Rise and Rise of Portable XRF (pXRF)?
118(1)
3.6 Archaeological Implications
119(6)
3.7 Conclusions
125(7)
References
127(5)
4 The Geochemistry of Clays and the Provenance of Ceramics
132(55)
4.1 Introduction
132(5)
4.2 The Structure of Clay Minerals
137(15)
4.3 The Firing of Clays and the Mineralogical Composition of Ceramics
152(5)
4.4 Trace Element Geochemistry in Clays
157(12)
4.5 The Provenance of Archaeological Ceramics: Roman Finewares
169(10)
4.6 Conclusions
179(8)
References
181(6)
5 The Chemistry, Corrosion and Provenance of Archaeological Glass
187(58)
5.1 Introduction
187(1)
5.2 The Structure and Chemistry of Archaeological Glass
188(14)
5.3 The Colour of Glass
202(11)
5.4 The Decay of Medieval Window Glass
213(14)
5.5 The Corrosion of Buried Glass
227(4)
5.6 Radiogenic Isotopes and the Provenance of Glass
231(7)
5.7 Conclusions
238(7)
References
240(5)
6 The Chemical Study of Metals--the Medieval and Later Brass Industry in Europe
245(51)
6.1 Introduction
245(3)
6.2 The Production Methods of Brass in Antiquity
248(2)
6.3 The Early History of Brass and Zinc
250(5)
6.4 The Medieval and Later European Brass Industry
255(7)
6.5 The Chemical Analysis of Brass
262(2)
6.6 The Chemical Study of European Brass Tokens and Coins
264(7)
6.7 The Analysis of European Brass Scientific Instruments
271(9)
6.8 The Analytical Evaluation of Brass Instruments
280(5)
6.9 European Copper and Brass in North America
285(3)
6.10 Conclusions
288(8)
References
290(6)
7 The Chemistry and Use of Resinous Substances
296(40)
7.1 Introduction
296(1)
7.2 Resins: Definition and Uses
297(1)
7.3 Chemistry of Resins
298(5)
7.4 Analysis of Resins in Archaeological Contexts
303(6)
7.5 Neolithic Tar
309(13)
7.6 Conclusions: Evidence for Other Organic Substances
322(14)
References
327(9)
8 Amino Acid Stereochemistry and the First Americans
336(39)
8.1 Introduction
336(3)
8.2 The Structure of Bone Collagen
339(4)
8.3 Stereochemistry of Amino Acids
343(2)
8.4 Racemization of Amino Acids
345(3)
8.5 Amino Acid Racemization Dating of the Californian Paleoindians
348(9)
8.6 The End of a Paradigm: Early Humans in the Americas
357(3)
8.7 `Some Kind of Joke'? Current Uses of Amino Acid Racemization
360(7)
8.8 Conclusions
367(8)
References
369(6)
9 Lead Isotope Geochemistry and the Trade in Metals
375(53)
9.1 Introduction
375(1)
9.2 The Trace Element Approach to Metal Provenance
376(4)
9.3 Natural Radioactivity and the Stable Isotopes of Lead
380(6)
9.4 The Lead Isotopic Composition of Metalliferous Deposits
386(9)
9.5 Lead Isotopes in Archaeology
395(11)
9.6 Lead Isotopes and the Bronze Age Mediterranean
406(8)
9.7 Epilogue---'What A Long Strange Trip It's Been'!
414(6)
9.8 Conclusions
420(8)
References
421(7)
10 The Chemistry of Human Bone: Diet, Nutrition, Status and Mobility
428(46)
10.1 Introduction
428(2)
10.2 Dietary Reconstruction from Trace Elements in Bone Mineral
430(5)
10.3 Light Isotope Systematics and Trophic Levels
435(5)
10.4 Isotopic Dietary Reconstruction from Human Bone
440(13)
10.5 Status, Health and Mobility
453(3)
10.6 Other Isotopic Approaches to Diet and Mobility
456(7)
10.7 Summary
463(11)
References
454(20)
11 The Detection of Small Biomolecules: Dairy Products in the Archaeological Record
474(27)
11.1 Introduction
474(1)
11.2 Fatty Acids: A Brief Overview of Chemistry and Occurrence
475(7)
11.3 Dairy Chemistry
482(2)
11.4 Archaeological Investigations of Dairying
484(10)
11.5 DNA, Lactase Persistence and Early Dairying
494(1)
11.6 Conclusions
495(6)
References
497(4)
12 Proteins in Archaeology: From Blood on Stones to Proteomics
501(31)
12.1 Introduction
501(1)
12.2 Structure of Non-collagenous Proteins
502(4)
12.3 Haemoglobin and Blood
506(4)
12.4 Immunoassays for Detecting Proteins in Archaeological Residues
510(9)
12.5 Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Approaches
519(8)
12.6 Conclusions
527(5)
References
528(4)
13 Summary---Whither Archaeological Chemistry?
532(11)
13.1 Historical Summary
532(2)
13.2 The Archaeological Relevance of Chemical Applications
534(4)
13.3 Whither Archaeological Chemistry?
538(5)
References
541(2)
Appendix 1 The Structure of the Atom, and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
543(9)
References
551(1)
Appendix 2 Isotopes
552(5)
References
555(2)
Appendix 3 Fundamental Constants
557(1)
Appendix 4 Atomic Number and Approximate Atomic Weights (based on 12C = 12.000) of the Elements
558(4)
Appendix 5 Periodic Table
562(1)
Appendix 6 The Amino Acids
563(3)
Subject Index 566
A. Mark Pollard is Edward Hall Professor of Archaeological Science at the University of Oxford, UK. His research has encompassed the application of the physical sciences, particularly chemistry, to archaeology.



Carl Heron is currently the Director of Scientific Research at The British Museum and a former Professor of Archaeological Sciences at the University of Bradford, UK. His research focusses on the identification of amorphous organic matter preserved in association with archaeological materials.



Ruth Ann Armitage is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry at Eastern Michigan University, USA. Her research interests involve the analysis of archaeological and historic cultural heritage materials.