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El. knyga: Archaeological History of Hermitages and Eremitic Communities in Medieval Britain and Beyond

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"Despite the existence of many hermitages and eremitic communities recorded throughout the medieval period, they have, somewhat surprisingly, received little archaeological attention. Consequently, this book offers an archaeological history of hermitagesand eremitic communities, with reference to key examples and case-studies. It has a particular emphasis on the British medieval period, but it also contextualises this within a wider comparative framework. Many hermitages and eremitic communities are recorded throughout the medieval period, yet to date there has been no comprehensive archaeological study. This richly illustrated book will consequently discuss a range of hermitages and introduce the reader to their architectural forms, spaces, location and environments as well as the religious practices associated with them. It will focus primarily on the British material but will nonetheless consider this within a wider comparative framework. Overall, it will offer an archaeological history of hermitagesand presents a unique window into a lost world of medieval spirituality and religious life. Key related themes will include the earliest archaeological evidence for hermits (eremitic life) in India, China and East Asia, pre- and early Christian desert hermitages, cave hermitages, eremitic communities, saints and missionary hermits, life and diet, medieval mysticism and the contemplative tradition, secular and ornamental hermitages and hermits in post-medieval and contemporary society. This book offers anillustrated archaeological history of hermitages and eremitic communities, with reference to key examples and case-studies. It will therefore appeal to both academics, students and a more general readership interested in archaeology, history, comparativereligion, architecture, religion and belief, spirituality, medieval Britain, modern contemplative practice and contemporary heritage issues"--

Many hermitages and eremitic communities are recorded throughout the medieval period, yet to date, there has been no comprehensive archaeological study. This richly illustrated book will consequently discuss a range of hermitages and introduce the reader to their architectural forms, spaces, location and environments as well as the religious practices associated with them. It will focus primarily on the British material but will nonetheless consider this within a wider comparative framework. Overall, it will offer an archaeological history of hermitages and presents a unique window into a lost world of medieval spirituality and religious life. Key related themes will include the earliest archaeological evidence for hermits (eremitic life) in India, China and East Asia, pre- and early Christian desert hermitages, cave hermitages, eremitic communities, saints and missionary hermits, life and diet, medieval mysticism and the contemplative tradition, secular and ornamental hermitages and hermits in post-medieval and contemporary society.

This book offers an illustrated archaeological history of hermitages and eremitic communities, with reference to key examples and case studies. It will therefore appeal to both academics, students and a more general readership interested in archaeology, history, comparative religion, architecture, religion and belief, spirituality, medieval Britain, modern contemplative practice and contemporary heritage issues.



This book offers an archaeological history of hermitages and eremitic communities, with reference to key examples and case-studies. It has a particular emphasis on the British medieval period, but it also contextualises this within a wider comparative framework.

List of Figures
x
Acknowledgements xiv
PART I
1(48)
1 Introduction
3(8)
Introduction
3(8)
2 Early Hermits and Hermitages in India: An Overview
11(13)
Introduction
11(1)
India
12(1)
Sramanas and Radical Spirituality
12(4)
The Naked Philosophers
16(1)
Convention and Constraint: Hermitages and Eremitic Communities in Early Buddhism
17(7)
3 Early Hermits and Hermitages in China, Japan and Tibet: An Overview
24(9)
China
24(1)
Taoist and Buddhist Hermits
25(1)
Early Cave Sites in China
26(2)
Hermits in the Literary Tradition
28(1)
Hermits and Hermitages in Early Japan
29(2)
Hermits and Hermitages in Tibet
31(2)
4 The Desert Hermitage in Early Christianity
33(16)
The Hermit Ideal: East and West
33(2)
Pre-Christian Hermits
35(2)
Early Christian Hermits and Hermitages
37(1)
Caves, Ruins and Mausolea
38(2)
Desert Hermits and Eremitic Communities
40(2)
From Hermitage to Monastery
42(2)
Beyond Egypt
44(5)
PART II
49(68)
5 Hermits and Hermitages in the Post-Roman and Early Medieval West: An Overview
51(10)
St Martin and the Hermitage Retreat
52(2)
St Benedict and `Categories' of Hermit
54(3)
Independent Hermits and Hermitages
57(4)
6 Hermits and Hermitages in Early Medieval Ireland
61(18)
Ireland and Britain: The Iron Age and the `New Christianity'
61(3)
Ireland
64(2)
St Colman and Irish Cave Hermitages
66(3)
Eremitic Communities in Early Medieval Ireland
69(10)
7 The Hermits and Hermitages of Early Medieval Britain
79(23)
Peregrinations and Eremitism
79(3)
Columban Hermitages
82(1)
Eileach an Naoimh and Penitential Islands
83(7)
Hermitage Caves in Scotland
90(3)
Hermits and Hermitages in Wales and West Britain
93(9)
8 Hermits and Hermitages in Early Medieval England
102(15)
Historical Overview
102(1)
The Hermitage of St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
103(3)
Anglo-Saxon Hermitages
106(6)
Hermits and Hermitages in Southwest England
112(5)
PART III
117(79)
9 The Religious Context of the Medieval Hermitage
119(23)
The Inner and Outer Life of the Late Medieval Hermit
119(3)
Contemplative Texts and Practices
122(4)
Evocative Spaces: The Landscape and Setting of Medieval Hermitages
126(5)
Visual Networks and Landscape
131(1)
Practicalities of the Hermit Life
132(1)
Dress and Appearance
133(3)
Diet
136(6)
10 Hermitages and Hermits in Late Medieval England
142(24)
Background
142(1)
Late Medieval Cave Hermitages
143(9)
Eremitic Communities in Late Medieval England
152(3)
Collegiate and Chantry Hermitages
155(4)
Hermitages, Religion and Society
159(1)
Hermitage Chapels
160(6)
11 Institutional Hermits
166(16)
Anchorite and Anchorhold
166(8)
Hermit Friars and Contemplative Monks
174(1)
The `New' Hermits
175(2)
The Carthusians
177(5)
12 The `Afterlife' of the Medieval Hermitage
182(11)
Secular and `Ornamental' hermits
183(3)
Secular Hermits
186(2)
Contemporary Hermitages and Hermits
188(5)
13 Conclusion
193(3)
Index 196
Dr Simon Roffey has published a number of books and articles on medieval archaeology, particularly in the area of medieval religion and belief. He has directed surveys and excavations on a wide range of ecclesiastical sites including the site of St Mary Magdalen, Winchester, the countrys earliest excavated leprosy hospital. He is Reader in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Winchester, and a former University Buddhist Chaplain. He is a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society, the Society of Antiquaries and the Royal Historical Society and has previously served in the Royal Navy Submarine Service.