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El. knyga: Archaeological Thinking: How to Make Sense of the Past

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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Jul-2023
  • Leidėjas: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781538177242
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 18-Jul-2023
  • Leidėjas: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781538177242

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In the second edition of Archaeological Thinking, Charles E. Orser, Jr. provides an updated guide to the critical thinking skills archaeologists use to unravel the stories of history’s buried past.

Preface

Chapter
1. Thinking in Archaeology

A Question of Belief?

Science and History

Thinking to Some Purpose

The Process of Clear Thinking

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
2. A Brief History of Archaeological Thinking

The Early Years

The Middle Years

The Recent Years

Seriation

The Conjunctive Approach

Postmodern Thinking

Archaeological Thinking in the New Millennium

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
3. Archaeology and the Evaluation of Claims

SEARCHing

Step 1: State the Claim

Step 2: Examine the Evidence

Step 3: Consider Alternative Claims

Step 4: Rate each Claim

Plausibility

The Exeter Mystery

The On-Going Battle Between Evidence and Perspective

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
4. Understanding and Selecting Facts

Fact Selection

Is Fact Selection Dishonest?

Clovis Points

Glass Trade Beads

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
5. Archaeological Thinking and Logic

The Importance of Logical Thinking

Deduction

Induction

Abduction

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
6. Analogy and Archaeological Thinking

Archaeologists and Analogy

Artifact Analogies

Ethnographic Analogies

The Direct Historical Approach

More Recent Comparative Ethnographic Analogy

Evaluating Analogy Strength

What Is the Purpose of Analogy in Archaeology?

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
7. Thinking with Things

A Cultural Systems Approach

A Behavioral Approach

A Commodities Approach

A Semiotics Approach

A Social Activism Approach

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
8. Deceitful Archaeological Thinking

Great Zimbabwe and Silencing the African Past

Pseudo-archaeology in Nazi Hands

The Dangers of Deceitful Archaeological Thinking

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
9. Archaeological Thinking in Public

Bones of Contention

The Cheyenne Outbreak of 1879

Timbuctoo, New Jersey

Sources for Continued Reading

Chapter
10. Archaeological Thinking for the Twenty-First Century

Sources for Continued Reading

Charles E. Orser, Jr. taught a course on critical thinking skills in archaeology to hundreds of undergraduate students over many years. Over 30 years of archaeological excavation experience in the American Midwest and Southeast, Ireland, England, and Brazil has instilled in him the difficulties of archaeological interpretation and the need for critical thinking. A long-term interest in the outrageous claims of pseudo-archaeologists further impressed upon him the need for more instruction in logic and clear thinking.

He is the author of one hundred professional articles and several books, including Historical Archaeology (now in its 3rd edition), A Historical Archaeology of the Modern World, The Archaeology of Race and Racialization in Historic America, Race and Practice in Archaeological Interpretation, Unearthing Hidden Ireland: Historical Archaeology at Ballykilcline, County Roscommon, A Primer on Modern-World Archaeology, Archaeological Thinking, and An Archaeology of the English Atlantic World, 1600-1700. He is the founder and editor of the International Journal of Historical Archaeology. In 2019, he received the Society for Historical Archaeologys highest award, the J. C. Harrington Medal, for lifetime achievement in the discipline.