You too can follow in the steps of the great astronomers such as Hipparchus, Galileo, Kepler and Hubble, who all contributed so much to our modern understanding of the cosmos. This book gives the student or
amateur astronomer the following tools to replicate some of these seminal observations from their own homes:
With your own eyes: Use your own observations and measurements to discover and confirm the phenomena of the seasons, the analemma and the equation of time, the logic behind celestial coordinates, and even the precession of the equinoxes.
With a consumer-grade digital camera: Record the changing brightness of an eclipsing binary star and show that a pulsating star changes color as it brightens and dims. Add an inexpensive diffraction grating to your camera and see the variety of spectral features in the stars, and demonstrate that the Suns spectrum is similar to one particular type of stellar spectrum.
With a backyard telescope: Add a CCD imager and you can measure the scale of the Solar System and the distance to a nearby star. You could even measure the distance to another galaxy and observe the cosmological redshift of the expanding universe.
Astronomical Discoveries You Can Make, Too! doesnt just tell you about the development of astronomy; it shows you how to discover for yourself the essential features of the universe.
Recenzijos
This is one of the most genuinely exciting new astronomy books Ive seen in a long time. It shows you, for example, how you can use Galileos method to work out the height of mountains on the moon. The time commitment and equipment requirements for each project are well set out, and the projects are well explained. this book a treat for the armchair astronomer, but a real treasure trove for a team of committed explorers. (Andy Sawers, Astronomy Now, February, 2016)
| Acknowledgments |
|
vii | |
| Author's preface |
|
ix | |
| Acronyms and abbreviations |
|
xi | |
|
1 Motions and positions in the sky |
|
|
1 | (112) |
|
Project 1 The nightly motion of the stars |
|
|
1 | (11) |
|
Project 2 The length of the Sidereal Day |
|
|
12 | (7) |
|
Project 3 The length of the Solar Day |
|
|
19 | (6) |
|
Project 4 The seasons -- sunrise |
|
|
25 | (8) |
|
|
|
33 | (12) |
|
Project 6 Positions of the stars and the celestial coordinate frame |
|
|
45 | (13) |
|
Project 7 The celestial globe -- a map of the stars |
|
|
58 | (13) |
|
Project 8 The path of the Moon |
|
|
71 | (12) |
|
Project 9 The path of the Sun relative to the stars |
|
|
83 | (20) |
|
Project 10 Precession of the equinox |
|
|
103 | (10) |
|
|
|
113 | (104) |
|
Project 11 Photographing the phases and other phenomena of the Moon |
|
|
113 | (14) |
|
Project 12 The Synodic Month |
|
|
127 | (4) |
|
Project 13 The changing angular size of the Moon |
|
|
131 | (5) |
|
Project 14 The lunar librations |
|
|
136 | (12) |
|
Project 15 Mapping the orbit of the Moon |
|
|
148 | (11) |
|
Project 16 Lunar occultation |
|
|
159 | (5) |
|
Project 17 Diurnal parallax and the distance to the Moon |
|
|
164 | (22) |
|
Project 18 Diameter of the Moon |
|
|
186 | (8) |
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Project 19 Lunar crater diameters |
|
|
194 | (4) |
|
Project 20 The height of lunar mountains by "Galileo's method" |
|
|
198 | (11) |
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Project 21 Lunar topography using selenographic coordinates |
|
|
209 | (8) |
|
|
|
217 | (96) |
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Project 22A The path of an outer planet -- visualization |
|
|
217 | (9) |
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Project 22B Path of an outer planet -- measurements in celestial coordinates |
|
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226 | (12) |
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Project 23 The phases of Venus |
|
|
238 | (12) |
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Project 24 The moons of Jupiter |
|
|
250 | (14) |
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Project 25 The scale of the solar system -- distance to an asteroid |
|
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264 | (23) |
|
Project 26 Roemer and the finite speed of light |
|
|
287 | (16) |
|
Project 27 Measuring the speed of light |
|
|
303 | (10) |
|
|
|
313 | (68) |
|
Project 28 Algol -- an eclipsing binary star |
|
|
313 | (27) |
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Project 29 Delta Cephei -- a pulsating variable star |
|
|
340 | (18) |
|
Project 30 Stellar proper motion -- Barnard's star |
|
|
358 | (15) |
|
Project 31 Stellar parallax -- Barnard's star |
|
|
373 | (8) |
|
5 Astrophysics and cosmology |
|
|
381 | (98) |
|
Project 32 Stellar spectra -- distant suns |
|
|
381 | (4) |
|
Project 32A Stellar spectral types -- visualization with a tripod-mounted DSLR |
|
|
385 | (10) |
|
Project 32B Stellar spectral types -- imaging with an equatorial-mounted DSLR |
|
|
395 | (12) |
|
Project 32C Stellar spectral types with CCD slitless spectroscopy |
|
|
407 | (21) |
|
Project 33 The solar spectrum |
|
|
428 | (8) |
|
Project 34 The H-R diagram and the main sequence |
|
|
436 | (16) |
|
Project 35 Island Universes -- the distance to galaxy M31 |
|
|
452 | (15) |
|
Project 36 Galaxy redshifts -- the expanding universe |
|
|
467 | (12) |
| Epilogue |
|
479 | (2) |
| Appendix A Measuring positions on the celestial sphere |
|
481 | (26) |
| Appendix B Introduction to astronomical photometry |
|
507 | (28) |
| About the author |
|
535 | (2) |
| References |
|
537 | (8) |
| Index |
|
545 | |
About the Author
Once upon a time, back in the days when the roar of Rocketdynes rocket-engine tests in the Santa Susanna mountains would roll through the San Fernando Valley like an earthquake, there was a small gang of fourth-graders who discovered that astronomy was a parent-approved reason to stay out in the backyard all night. We had an Edmund Scientific 3-inch reflector and a 2.5-inch Sears refractor. With them, we discovered the craters on the Moon, the rings of Saturn, and the moons of Jupiter, and we dreamed of a life spent studying the universe. I dont remember ever seeing a galaxy or nebula, but I have vivid memories of watching the Perseid meteor shower, and less-vivid memories of the members of the gang helping each other to learn how to solve algebra problems.
Time passed, we dispersed to our various careers, and the stars themselves faded in the suburban sky. Then one Christmas, my wife decided that I might enjoy a telescope. That wonderful 6-inch Newtonian was a portal to new worlds: the beauty and mystery of the night sky, the community of the Orange County Astronomers, the craftsmen at the Riverside Telescope Makers Conference, larger telescopes (for deeper deep-sky observing), smaller telescopes (for asteroid occultations), CCD photometry, the Society for Astronomical Sciences, and a backyard observatory. Ive been privileged to meet remarkable people (some famous, others unsung), see things that most people never witness, and learn about a wide range of phenomena, personalities, and possibilities. I hope that along the way as Secretary of the Orange County Astronomers, a Board member of the Society for Astronomical Sciences, as a speaker, writer and mentor I have been able to help other people expand their horizons as well. I wrote The Sky Is Your Laboratory as a way of helping other amateur astronomers try their hands at small-telescope research. The present book will, I hope, give amateur astronomers, students, and instructors a new way to learn about the beauty of the heavens and experience the history of astronomical discovery.
Bob Buchheim
December, 2014
Coto de Caza, CA
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