Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists [Kietas viršelis]

4.00/5 (1 ratings by Goodreads)
(Lancaster University, UK), (University of Leeds, UK)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 320 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 254x198x22 mm, weight: 943 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Jan-2009
  • Leidėjas: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1405185422
  • ISBN-13: 9781405185424
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Atmospheric Science for Environmental ScientistsDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 320 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 254x198x22 mm, weight: 943 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Jan-2009
  • Leidėjas: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1405185422
  • ISBN-13: 9781405185424
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781405185424.html
Raktažodžiai:
Climate change and air quality are two of the most pressing issues facing Mankind. This book gives undergraduate and graduate students and professionals working in the science and policy of pollution, climate change and air quality a broad and up-to-date account of our understanding of the processes that occur in the atmosphere, how these are changing as Man’s relentless use of natural resources continues and what effects these changes are having on the Earth’s climate and the quality of the air we breath.

Written by an international team of experts, this text gives an excellent overview of our current understanding of the state of the Earth’s atmosphere and how it is changing. It is an invaluable resource for students, teachers and professionals.

Key features:

  • End of chapter questions
  • Each chapter includes both basic concepts and more in-depth material, allowing faculty to direct students accordingly
  • Most up-to-date treatment of key issues such as stratospheric chemistry, urban air pollution, and climate change

Recenzijos

"Hewitt and Jackson have succeeded admirably in presenting a cogent and thoughtful book.... This volume is a pleasure." (The Quarterly Review of Biology, December 2009) "With magnificent detail describing the links between atmosphere and environment, the book is a valuable reference for understanding current climate science and the debate on climate change." (Drug and Alcohol Review, September 2009)

List of contributors ix
List of abbreviations, constants and nomenclature x
Preface xiii
1 The climate of the Earth
1
John Lockwood
1.1 Basic. climatology
1
1.2 General atmospheric circulation
3
1.3 Palacoclimates
5
1.4 Polar climates
10
1.5 Temperate latitude climates
14
1.6 Tropical climates
17
References
24
Further reading
25
Questions
25
2 Chemical evolution of the atmosphere
26
Richard Wayne
2.1 Creation of the planets and their earliest atmospheres
27
2.2 Earth's atmosphere before life began
30
2.3 Comparison of Venus, Earth and Mars
31
2.4 Life and Earth's atmosphere
34
2.5 Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere
38
2.6 The rise of oxygen concentrations
40
2.7 Protection of life from ultraviolet radiation
48
2.8 Summary
51
References
52
Further reading
53
Questions
53
3 Atmospheric energy and the structure of the atmosphere
54
Hugh Coe
3.1 The vertical structure of Earth's atmosphere
54
3.2 Solar and terrestrial radiation
56
3.3 Solar radiation, ozone and the stratospheric temperature profile
59
3.4 Trapping of longwave radiation
61
3.5 A simple model of radiation transfer
61
3.6 Light scattering
64
3.7 Conduction, convection and sensible and latent heat
69
3.8 The energy budget for the Earth's atmosphere
74
3.9 Changes in climate and the concept of radiative forcing
76
3.10 Solar radiation and the biosphere
79
3.11 Summary
80
References
81
Further reading
82
Questions
82
4 Biogeochemical cycles
83
Dudley Shallcross
4.1 Sources
86
4.2 Sinks
86
4.3 Carbon
89
4.4 Nitrogen
95
4.5 Sulphur
97
4.6 Halogens
102
4.7 Hydrogen
107
4.8 Summary
108
References
108
Further reading
110
Questions
110
Answers
112
5 Tropospheric chemistry and air pollution
114
Paul Monks and Roland Leigh
5.1 Sources of trace gases in the atmosphere
114
5.2 Key processes in tropospheric chemistry
117
5.3 Initiation of photochemistry by light
119
5.4 Tropospheric oxidation chemistry
120
5.5 Night-time oxidation chemistry
128
5.6 Halogen chemistry
130
5.7 Air pollution and urban chemistry
134
5.8 Summary
140
References
142
Further reading
143
Questions
144
6 Cloud formation and chemistry
146
Peter Brimblecombe
6.1 Clouds
146
6.2 Cloud formation
147
6.3 Particle size and water content
149
6.4 Dissolved solids in cloud water and rainfall
151
6.5 Dissolution of gases
152
6.6 Reactions and photochemistry
158
6.7 Radical and photochemical reactions
162
6.8 Summary
164
References
165
Further reading
167
Questions
167
7 Particulate matter in the atmosphere
168
Paul I. Williams and Urs Baltensperger
7.1 Aerosol properties
170
7.2 Aerosol sources
178
7.3 The role of atmospheric particles
185
7.4 Aerosol measurements
192
7.5 Summary
195
References
195
Questions
197
8 Stratospheric chemistry and ozone depletion
198
Rob MacKenzie
8.1 Ozone column amounts
198
8.2 The physical structure of the stratosphere
201
8.3 Gas-phase chemistry of the stratosphere
206
8.4 Aerosols and clouds in the stratosphere
210
8.5 Heterogeneous chemistry of the stratosphere
212
8.6 Future perturbations to the stratosphere
214
8.7 Summary
216
References
216
Questions
217
9 Boundary layer meteorology and atmospheric dispersion
218
Janet Barlow
9.1 The atmospheric boundary layer
218
9.2 Flow over vegetation
224
9.3 Urban boundary layers
229
9.4 Dispersion of pollutants
233
9.5 Summary
240
References
241
Further reading
242
Questions
242
Hints and answers
242
10 Urban air pollution 243
Jes Fenger
10.1 Air pollution through the ages
243
10.2 Pollutants and sources
245
10.3 From emission intensity to pollution levels
249
10.4 Urban-scale impacts
252
10.5 Means of mitigation
256
10.6 Case studies
259
10.7 Summary
265
References
266
Further reading
267
Questions
267
11 Global warming and climate change science 268
Atul Jain
11.1 Historical evidence of the impact of human activities on climate
269
11.2 Future outlook of climate change
278
11.3 Potential impacts of climate change
285
11.4 Pathways to policy considerations
287
11.5 Summary
289
References
290
Questions
292
Appendix: List of websites 293
Index 295
Nick Hewitt is Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry at Lancaster University, UK. His main research interests are in understanding how the biosphere and the atmosphere interact: how emissions of trace gases from the biosphere affect the atmosphere, and how the changing atmospheric environment affects the biosphere. Andrea Jackson is a senior lecturer of Atmospheric Chemistry within the Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Leeds, UK. Her main research interests involve investigating the gas phase chemistry of oxidant species in the atmosphere and more recently the physics and chemistry of polar frost flowers and their resultant sea-salt aerosol in order to understand their impact on the atmospheric chemistry of these regions.