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El. knyga: Authoritarian Liberalism and the Transformation of Modern Europe

4.33/5 (3 ratings by Goodreads)
(Associate Professor of Law, London School of Economics)
  • Formatas: 336 pages
  • Serija: Oxford Constitutional Theory
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Jun-2021
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192597083
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Authoritarian Liberalism and the Transformation of Modern EuropeDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 336 pages
  • Serija: Oxford Constitutional Theory
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Jun-2021
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192597083
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This title recounts the transformation of Europe from the post-war era until the Euro-crisis, using the tools of constitutional analysis and critical theory. The central claim is twofold: Europe has been gradually reconstituted in a manner that combines political authoritarianism with economic liberalism and that this order is now in a critical condition. Authoritarian liberalism is constructed supranationally, through a taming of inter-state relations in the project of European integration; at the domestic level, through the depoliticization of state-society relations; and socially, through the emergence of a new constitutional imaginary based on liberal individualism. In the language of constitutional theory, this transformation can be captured by the substitution of supranationalism for internationalism, technocracy for democracy, and economic for political freedom. Sovereignty is restrained, democracy curtailed, and class struggle repressed. This constitutional trajectory takes time to unfold and develop and it presents continuities and discontinuities. On the one hand, authoritarian liberalism is deepened by the neoliberalism of the Maastricht era and the creation of Economic and Monetary Union. On the other hand, counter-movements then also begin to emerge, geopolitically, in the return of the German question, domestically, in the challenges to the EU presented by constitutional courts, and informally, in the rise of anti-systemic political parties and movements. Sovereignty, democracy, and political freedom resurface, but are then more actively suppressed through the harsher authoritarian liberalism of the Euro-crisis phase. This leads now to an impasse. Anti-systemic politics return but remain uneasily within the EU, suggesting authoritarian liberalism has reached its limits if just about managing to maintain constitutional order. As yet, there has been no definitive rupture, with the possible exception of Brexit.

Recenzijos

There has been much criticism of the EU's response to the euro crisis and the flawed architecture of the single currency itself. But Wilkinson demonstrates how the foundations for these problems were laid in the depoliticization that took place in the immediate postwar period, and have even deeper roots in the 'constitutional imagination' of the interwar period. * Hans Kundnani, Chatham House, UK, International Affairs * Wilkinson's revisionist history of European integration challenges our understanding of the origins of the current problems in the EU and shows how deep the problems with the EU from a democratic perspective go. * Hans Kundnani, International Affairs * In his fascinating and provocative new book, Michael Wilkinson invites us to reconsider the history of the European Union (EU) as having been shaped, from the very outset, by a fear of democracy that was shaped by the experience, in the interwar period, of democracy threatening to 'unleash itself'. * Ruth Dukes, European Law Open * Authoritarian Liberalism offers a remarkable analysis of the factors that caused a rejection of social and political conflict from European integration and, while doing so, it also reconstructs a century of European constitutional history. * Marco Goldoni, European Law Open * Authoritarian Liberalism is an important, and, in many respects, praiseworthy contribution to the debates on the present state of the European Union (EU) and its highly problematical future. Its recourse to political economy in the reconstruction of the integration project contrasts innovatively and instructively with the usual, if subtle, stories told about the history of Europe's 'integration through law' and the promotion of an 'ever closer union among the peoples of Europe'. The spectre of 'authoritarian liberalism' is a counter-narrative which exhibits the socio-economic dimensions of the integration project and forces us to consider the political quality of European rule. * Christian Joerges, European Law Open * Michael A. Wilkinson has produced one of the most thought-provoking books ever written on the European Union by making a compelling case that the organisation is fundamentally driven by its commitment to, and protection of, economic liberalism ... He is at the forefront of the burgeoning movement of scholars who are turning the lens on the European Union as the creator of its own malaise. * Hilary Hogan, European Constitutional Law Review * This book presents the first deeply constitutionally and historically grounded monograph-length argument identifying the features of the EU that make it undemocratic. * Oliver Garner and Michal Matlak, Review of Democracy * This book characterizes the EU in more than one way... Wilkinson's aim is to "open the space to develop critical theories of European integration, not as some form of external constraint, or experiment gone awry" but as a project destined to become what the title of the book claims it is. * David Hollanders, University of Amsterdam *

List of Abbreviations
xv
Introduction 1(24)
PART I INTERWAR: A PRE-HISTORY OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
1 Authoritarian Liberalism in Late Weimar
25(19)
1 Introduction
25(1)
2 Authoritarian liberalism in late Weimar
26(4)
3 Toleration by the Social Democrats: a crisis of representation
30(6)
4 Fascist dictatorship: the end of the political
36(5)
5 A cult of violence
41(3)
2 Beyond Weimar: The Long Crisis of Liberalism, the Political Economy of the Interwar Conjuncture, and the Foundations of Neo-liberalism
44(37)
1 Introduction
44(3)
2 A liberal constitution in crisis: three models of constitutional self-defence
47(11)
Kelseris Pure Theory of Law
49(2)
Schmitt's Absolute Constitution
51(3)
Heller's social democratic state
54(4)
3 Karl Polanyi and the political economy of the interwar conjuncture
58(7)
4 The foundations of neo-liberalism
65(16)
PART II POST-WAR EUROPE: THE RECONSTITUTION OF INTER-STATE, STATE-SOCIETY AND SOCIAL RELATIONS
3 Restraining State Sovereignty: Imagining a `European Germany'
81(14)
1 Introduction
81(1)
2 A semi-sovereign state at the heart of Europe
82(5)
3 The supranational compromise
87(8)
4 De-democratization of the Political Constitution
95(23)
1 Introduction
95(2)
2 Demobilization of the masses and the decline of parliamentarism
97(5)
3 Sovereignty of the law
102(8)
4 Constitutionalization of the European Treaties
110(8)
5 The Material Constitution: Ordoliberalism, Neoliberalism, and the Deradicalization of Political Opposition
118(29)
1 Introduction
118(1)
2 The economic constitution and ordoliberalism
119(6)
3 An economic constitution writ large and the transition to neo-liberalism
125(8)
4 Political deradicalization
133(14)
PART III THE ROAD FROM MAASTRICHT TO LISBON: CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENTS AND COUNTER-MOVEMENTS
6 Restraining State Sovereignty or the Return of the German Question?
147(16)
1 Introduction
147(1)
2 Differentiated integration and the `new intergovernmentalism'
148(6)
3 The return of the German question
154(4)
4 Enlargement of the Union: stark Utopia, stark asymmetries
158(5)
7 The Post-sovereign Constitution or the Return of Sovereignty?
163(15)
1 Introduction
163(2)
2 Post-sovereign constitutionalism
165(3)
3 The return of sovereignty claims
168(6)
4 Excavating the dialectic: an authoritarian constitutionalism
174(4)
8 The Material Constitution: There is no Alternative or is There?
178(33)
1 Introduction
178(1)
2 Economic and Monetary Union
179(7)
3 Deepening and widening of market liberal ideology
186(9)
4 Decline of traditional mass parties and the emergence of social resentment
195(16)
PART IV EURO CRISIS: THE UNFINISHED CONJUNCTURE
9 Authoritarian Liberalism Writ Large: the Spectre of a `German Europe'
211(19)
1 Introduction
211(1)
2 The Lisbon Treaty: a geo-constitutional fudge
212(3)
3 Euro crisis: the end of the democratic federal dream
215(8)
4 The emergence of semi-hegemony in a `German Europe'
223(7)
10 The New Constitutionalism and its Discontents
230(19)
1 Introduction
230(1)
2 The globalization of European constitutional discourse
231(6)
3 Who is the guardian of the European Constitution?
237(5)
4 The new constitutionalists
242(2)
5 From Habermasian federalism to Schmittian federation
244(5)
11 The Material Constitution in Crisis: Telos, Nomos, and Demos
249(20)
1 Introduction
249(2)
2 Economic liberalism and the telos of irreversibility
251(6)
3 Austerity: narrative and nomos
257(5)
4 The erosion of the demos
262(7)
Conclusion 269(20)
Bibliography 289(32)
Index 321
Michael A. Wilkinson is Associate Professor of Law at LSE. He has held visiting professorships at Cornell University, Paris II, the National University of Singapore, and the University of Keio. He teaches and researches in the areas of legal theory, constitutional theory and European integration. His recent publications include Questioning the Foundations of Public Law (Hart, 2018), Constitutionalism Beyond Liberalism (CUP, 2017), 'Beyond the Post-Sovereign State? On the Past, Present and Future of Constitutional Pluralism' (2019) Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies, and 'The Material Constitution' (2018) Modern Law Review. His work has been translated into Portuguese, Italian, Spanish and Turkish.
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