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Basic Legal Writing for Paralegals 4th ed. [Minkštas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 368 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 254x178x20 mm, weight: 662 g, Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Aspen College
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Nov-2012
  • Leidėjas: Aspen Publishers Inc.,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 145480890X
  • ISBN-13: 9781454808909
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Basic Legal Writing for Paralegals 4th ed.Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 368 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 254x178x20 mm, weight: 662 g, Illustrations, black and white
  • Serija: Aspen College
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Nov-2012
  • Leidėjas: Aspen Publishers Inc.,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 145480890X
  • ISBN-13: 9781454808909
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781454808909.html
Raktažodžiai:
Designed for paralegal students, this textbook guides students through legal composition and revision, with particular attention to the issue, rule, application and conclusion (IRAC) method. Each chapter ends with a summary, list of key terms, and exercises. Practice pointers are provided throughout, and most chapters offer with an in-class exercise. This new edition updates the suggested web resources, practice pointers, and citation appendix. Aspen Publishers is now Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
List of Illustrations xxiii
Preface xxv
Acknowledgments xxvii
Chapter 1 Introduction To Legal Research 1(16)
Chapter Overview
1(1)
A Introduction To Legal Research And Writing
2(1)
1 The Role of the Paralegal in Legal Research and Writing
2(1)
Why Do Paralegals Perform Research?
2(1)
What Tasks Do Paralegals Handle in the Research and Writing Process?
2(1)
B Introduction To The U.S. Legal System
3(11)
1 The Organization of the Legal System
3(1)
How Did the Federal and State Systems Originate?
4(1)
2 Components of the Federal System and Governing Law
4(7)
a The Legislative Branch
4(1)
How Is a Law Created?
4(1)
b The Executive Branch
5(2)
c The Judicial Branch
7(12)
Who Can Bring an Action in Federal Court?
7(2)
i The Trial Courts
9(1)
ii The Appellate Courts
9(1)
iii The Supreme Court
9(2)
3 Relationship between Federal and State Governments
11(1)
Can a Federal Court Decide an Issue of State Law?
11(1)
What Effect Does a Federal Decision Have on State Law?
11(1)
Are Federal and State Agencies Part of One Governing Body?
11(1)
4 Organization of State Governments
12(6)
What Are the Duties of the State Courts?
13(1)
Can State Courts Decide Issues of Federal Law?
13(1)
Chapter Summary
14(1)
Key Terms
14(1)
Exercises
14(3)
Chapter 2 Legal Authorities And How To Use Them 17(16)
Chapter Overview
17(1)
A Determination Of Governing Law
18(5)
1 Jurisdiction
18(1)
What Factors Determine Which Jurisdiction Governs Your Case?
18(1)
2 Precedent
18(1)
3 Hierarchy of Authorities
19(4)
a Currency
19(1)
b Levels of Court
20(1)
c Conflicting Decisions between Circuits
21(1)
d State and Federal Decisions Concerning an Issue
22(1)
e Conflicts in Federal and State Authority
22(1)
f State Court Decisions
23(1)
4 Dicta
23(1)
B Goal Of Your Research
23(4)
1 Primary Authority
23(2)
How Do You Determine Whether a Case Is Mandatory or Binding?
24(1)
2 Secondary Authority
25(1)
3 Finding Tools
26(1)
4 Hybrid Sources of Authority
27(1)
5 Nonlegal Sources
27(1)
C Use Of Authority Or Sources In Your Legal Writing
27(1)
1 Essential Sources to Cite
27(1)
2 Valuable Sources to Cite
27(1)
3 Sources Never to Cite
28(1)
Checklist
28(1)
In-Class Exercise
29(1)
Chapter Summary
29(1)
Key Terms
30(1)
Exercises
30(3)
Chapter 3 Getting Ready To Write 33(10)
Chapter Overview
33(1)
A Writing Goals And How To Achieve Them
34(1)
How Do You Plan Your Communication and Revise It?
34(1)
B The Writing Process
34(5)
1 Preparing to Write: Purpose and Audience
34(2)
How Do You Complete the Research Process and Make the Transition to Writing?
34(1)
a Purpose
35(1)
What Is the Purpose of the Document?
35(1)
b Audience
36(9)
To Whom Are You Speaking?
36(1)
2 Drafting a Detailed Outline
36(1)
How Do You Organize Your Ideas?
36(1)
3 Revision: The Final Part of the Process
37(1)
4 Example of Process Writing Techniques
38(1)
Checklist
39(1)
Chapter Summary
39(1)
Key Terms
40(1)
Exercises
40(1)
In-Class Exercise
41(2)
Chapter 4 Clear Writing And Editing 43(10)
Chapter Overview
43(1)
A Purpose Of Editing
43(1)
B Process Of Editing
44(1)
C Specific Items To Review While Editing
45(5)
1 Diction
45(2)
What Is Diction?
45(1)
What Are Concrete Verbs?
45(2)
How Do You Avoid Legalese or Legal Speak?
47(1)
2 Voice
47(1)
What Is the Difference between Active Voice and Passive Voice?
47(1)
3 Paragraphs
48(1)
4 Sentences
48(1)
5 Other Key Rules
49(1)
Checklist
50(1)
Chapter Summary
50(1)
Key Terms
51(1)
Exercises
51(2)
Chapter 5 Writing Basics 53(12)
Chapter Overview
53(1)
A Punctuation
54(4)
1 Commas
54(1)
2 Special Comma Rules
55(1)
3 Semicolons
55(1)
4 Colons
56(1)
5 Parentheses
56(1)
6 Double Quotation Marks
56(1)
7 Single Quotation Marks
57(1)
8 Apostrophes
57(1)
B Modifiers
58(1)
C Parallel Construction
58(1)
D Subject And Verb Agreement
58(3)
E Run-On Sentences
61(1)
F Sentence Fragments
61(1)
G That And Which
61(1)
Chapter Summary
62(1)
Key Terms
62(1)
Exercises
62(3)
Chapter 6 Case Briefing And Analysis 65(44)
Chapter Overview
65(1)
A Purpose Of A Case Brief
66(1)
B Diagram Of A Decision
66(3)
C Anatomy Of A Case Brief
69(25)
1 Citation
69(3)
2 Procedural History
72(2)
3 Issues
74(2)
How Do You Determine the Legal Issue or Issues Presented When Examining a Client's Problem?
74(1)
How Do You Draft a Statement of the Issue or Issues?
75(1)
4 Holding
76(1)
How Do You Draft a Holding?
76(1)
5 Facts
77(3)
What Are the Relevant Facts?
78(1)
How Do You Organize Your Facts Statements?
79(1)
6 Reasoning
80(2)
7 Dicta
82(1)
8 Disposition
83(11)
In-Class Exercise
85(9)
D Case Analysis
94(10)
1 Sample Single Case Analysis
94(8)
2 Sample Analysis Using Two Cases
102(2)
Chapter Summary
104(1)
Key Terms
105(1)
Exercises
105(4)
Chapter 7 The Legal Memorandum 109(12)
Chapter Overview
109(1)
A The Legal Memorandum
110(1)
What Is an Objective Legal Memorandum and Why Is It Written?
110(1)
B Audience
110(1)
Who Reads a Memorandum?
110(1)
C Components Of A Memorandum
111(7)
What Is Included in a Memorandum?
111(2)
1 Heading
113(2)
2 Questions Presented or Issues
115(1)
3 Conclusion or Brief Answer
115(2)
What Is the Difference between a Conclusion and a Brief Answer?
116(1)
4 Facts
117(1)
5 Discussion
117(1)
D Steps In Drafting A Memorandum
118(1)
What Steps Should You Take in Drafting a Memo?
118(1)
1 Memo Drafting Tips
119(1)
Chapter Summary
119(1)
Key Terms
120(1)
Exercises
120(1)
Chapter 8 Questions Presented And Conclusions Or Brief Answers 121(16)
Chapter Overview
121(1)
A Questions Presented Or Issues
121(4)
Who Reads the Questions Presented Statement?
122(1)
1 First Draft
122(1)
What Are Legally Significant Facts?
123(1)
2 Research the Issue and Revise It
123(1)
In-Class Exercise
124(1)
3 Specificity and Precision
124(1)
B Brief Answers And Conclusions
125(4)
1 Brief Answers
125(1)
2 Conclusions
126(1)
How Is a Conclusion Different from a Brief Answer?
126(1)
3 Drafting Conclusions
127(2)
In-Class Exercise
129(1)
Chapter Summary
129(1)
Key Terms
129(1)
Exercises
130(7)
Chapter 9 Facts 137(22)
Chapter Overview
137(1)
A Facts Statement
138(3)
1 Defining Fact
138(1)
2 Legally Significant Facts
138(2)
What Facts Should Be Included in the Facts Statement?
138(2)
3 Fact versus a Legal Conclusion
140(1)
4 Source of Information for a Facts Statement
141(1)
B Organizing The Facts Statement
141(5)
What Are the Different Methods of Organizing a Facts Statement?
141(1)
1 Chronological Organization
141(1)
2 Organization by Claim or Defense
142(1)
3 Organization by Party
143(1)
4 Combination of Chronological and Claim or Party Organization
144(2)
C Writing The Facts Statement
146(4)
1 Prepare a List of Facts and Preliminary Statement
146(1)
2 Research the Issue
147(1)
3 Revise to Include Only Legally Significant Facts
148(1)
4 Organize the Facts
149(1)
5 Rewrite the Facts Statement
149(1)
Chapter Summary
150(1)
Key Terms
150(1)
Exercises
150(9)
Chapter 10 The IRAC Method 159(14)
Chapter Overview
159(1)
A Purposes Of IRAC
160(1)
What Is IRAC?
160(1)
B IRAC Components
160(6)
What Does an IRAC Paragraph Look Like?
160(2)
1 Issues
162(1)
What Is the Difference between the Question Presented and the Issues in IRAC Paragraphs?
162(1)
2 Rules of Law
163(2)
Why Is Citation Important?
164(1)
3 Application of the Law to the Problem's Facts
165(1)
How Do You Use the Legally Significant Facts?
165(1)
4 Conclusion
165(1)
Chapter Summary
166(1)
Key Terms
166(1)
Exercises
167(6)
Chapter 11 Synthesizing Cases And Authorities 173(16)
Chapter Overview
173(1)
A Synthesis
174(1)
What Is the Process of Synthesizing Legal Rules?
174(1)
Why Do We Synthesize Legal Authority?
174(1)
B Types Of Synthesis
175(1)
What Are the Four Methods of Synthesizing Authority?
175(1)
C Step-By-Step Process To Synthesizing Legal Rules
175(1)
D Examples Of Case Synthesis
176(9)
How Do You Synthesize Two Sources of Statutory Authority?
184(1)
Checklist
185(1)
Chapter Summary
186(1)
Key Terms
186(1)
Exercises
186(3)
Chapter 12 Outlining And Organizing A Memorandum 189(30)
Chapter Overview
189(1)
A Purpose Of Outlining
190(1)
B Steps To Outlining
190(7)
1 Steps in Compiling a List of Legal Authorities
190(3)
2 Organize Issues
193(1)
What Steps Should You Follow in Preparing Your Outline of Each of the Issues?
194(1)
3 Draft a Thesis Paragraph
194(1)
4 Determine Which Element to Discuss First
195(1)
5 List Elements or Subissues
195(1)
6 Add Authority
196(1)
7 Refine Issues
196(1)
8 Arrange the Order of Elements
196(1)
9 Organize into IRAC Paragraph
196(1)
C Multi-Issue Memorandum
197(11)
How Do You Organize a Multi-Issue Memorandum?
197(11)
In-Class Exercise
208(2)
Chapter Summary
210(1)
Key Terms
211(1)
Exercises
211(8)
Chapter 13 Persuasive Writing 219(34)
Chapter Overview
219(1)
A The Nature Of Persuasive Writing
220(1)
What Kinds of Documents Are Persuasive?
220(1)
Which Aspects of Persuasive Writing Do Paralegals Perform?
220(1)
What Is the Difference Between Objective and Persuasive Writing?
221(1)
B Techniques
221(4)
Is There a Formula for Persuasive Writing as There Is for Objective Writing?
221(2)
What Are Some Techniques Used in Persuasive Writing?
223(1)
Are There Any Other Tools That Are Helpful for Persuasive Writing?
223(1)
Are There Any General Rules for Writing Persuasively?
224(1)
When Does the Need to Write Persuasively Arise?
225(1)
C Types Of Persuasive Writing
225(25)
1 Complaints
225(4)
What Is a Complaint?
225(1)
How Do You Know What to Include in a Complaint?
226(3)
2 Answer
229(3)
What Is an Answer and What Is Its Purpose?
229(1)
When Is an Answer Filed?
230(2)
What Are the Components of an Answer?
232(1)
How Do You Draft the Body of an Answer to a Complaint?
232(1)
3 Motions
232(8)
What Is a Motion?
232(2)
What Is a Memo in Support of Motions or an Advocacy Memo?
234(5)
How Do You Organize an Argument?
239(1)
4 Trial Briefs
240(1)
What Is a Trial Brief?
240(1)
How Do You Draft a Trial Brief or Memorandum in Support of a Motion?
241(1)
5 Summary Judgment Motions
241(1)
What Is a Summary Judgment Motion?
241(1)
What Should Be Included in a Motion for Summary Judgment and How Do You Draft One?
242(1)
6 Appellate Briefs
242(7)
Are There Any General Tips for Writing an Appellate Brief?
248(1)
7 Other Forms of Persuasive Writing
249(5)
Are There Any Instances When Persuasive Writing Is Used in a Transaction?
249(1)
Chapter Summary
250(1)
Key Terms
250(1)
Exercises
250(3)
Chapter 14 In-House And Objective Client Documents 253(24)
Chapter Overview
253(1)
A Client Or Witness Interview Summary
254(3)
What Is a Client or Witness Interview Summary?
254(1)
What Questions Should You Ask Yourself Before You Begin to Write?
254(1)
1 Client's Statements
254(1)
2 Witness Statements
255(23)
How Do You Draft a Client or Witness Summary?
255(2)
B Meeting Summaries
257(2)
What Should Be Included in a Meeting Summary?
257(1)
How Do You Draft a Meeting Summary?
257(2)
C Status Memos
259(3)
What Is a Status Memo, and Who Reads It?
259(1)
How Often Should a Status Memo Be Prepared?
260(1)
What Should the Detailed Summary Include?
260(2)
D Deposition Summaries
262(2)
What Is a Deposition Summary?
262(1)
When and Why Do You Draft a Deposition Summary, and Who Will Read It?
262(1)
How Do You Draft a Deposition Summary?
262(2)
E Deposition Abstracts
264(3)
What Is the Difference between a Deposition Summary and a Deposition Abstract?
264(1)
Who Will Read the Deposition Abstract?
264(1)
What Is the Purpose of a Deposition Abstract, and When Is It Drafted?
264(1)
What Format Is Used for a Deposition Abstract?
265(1)
How Do You Draft an Abstract?
266(1)
F Transaction Summary
267(2)
Chapter Summary
269(1)
Key Terms
269(1)
Exercises
269(8)
Chapter 15 Letter Writing 277(24)
Chapter Overview
277(1)
A Basics Of Letter Writing
278(1)
What Formats Are Used?
278(1)
B Components Of A Letter
278(6)
1 Letterhead and Headers
278(2)
2 Date
280(1)
3 Method of Transmission
280(1)
4 Inside Address
281(1)
5 Reference Line
281(1)
6 Greeting
281(1)
7 Body of Letter
282(1)
8 Closing
282(1)
9 Copies to Others and Enclosures
283(1)
C Types Of Letters
284(12)
1 Confirming Letters
284(2)
2 Status Letters and Transaction Summary Letters
286(3)
3 Demand Letter
289(2)
4 Opinion Letters
291(2)
5 E-mail
293(2)
6 Social Media
295(1)
Checklist
296(1)
Chapter Summary
296(1)
Key Terms
297(1)
Exercises
297(4)
Appendix A Citation 301(14)
Appendix B Writing Strategies 315(2)
Appendix C Sample Memoranda 317(10)
Index 327