About Beginning Urdu |
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ix | |
How to Use This Book: For Teachers |
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xi | |
How to Use This Book: For Students |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
About the Urdu Language |
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xvi | |
The Sound System and Script of Urdu |
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1 | (1) |
Part I The Sound System of Urdu |
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Lesson 1 Sounds Similar to English |
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1 | (2) |
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Lesson 2 The Consonants r, l, v, and the Vowels e and o |
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3 | (2) |
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Lesson 3 Aspirated and Unaspirated Consonants |
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5 | (1) |
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Lesson 4 Dental and Retroflex Consonants |
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6 | (1) |
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Lesson 5 The Consonants r and rh and the Vowels ai and au |
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7 | (1) |
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Lesson 6 The Consonants q, x, and gh |
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8 | (1) |
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Lesson 7 Nasalized Vowels and Doubled Consonants |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
Part II The Urdu Script |
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Lesson 8 Introduction to the Urdu Script: The be Series |
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11 | (6) |
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Lesson 9 The jim Series, sukun and tasdid |
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17 | (3) |
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Lesson 10 The dal and re Series |
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20 | (3) |
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Lesson 11 The sin and suad Series |
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23 | (2) |
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Lesson 12 The Vowels vao, choti ye, and bari ye |
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25 | (3) |
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Lesson 13 fe, qaf, kaf, gaf, and lam |
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28 | (2) |
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Lesson 14 mim, choti he, do casmi he, and nun ghunna |
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30 | (4) |
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Lesson 15 The to and ain Series |
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34 | (3) |
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Lesson 16 Additional Signs |
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37 | (3) |
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The Arabic Definite Article |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (6) |
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47 | (18) |
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Identifying Classroom Items |
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Asking and Answering Questions |
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Asking Yes-or-No Questions |
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Chapter 2 Me and My Classmates |
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65 | (10) |
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Exchanging Basic Personal Information |
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75 | (10) |
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Listing Items: There Is and There Are |
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Indefinite Words: koi and kuch |
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Chapter 4 Describing Classroom Items |
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85 | (12) |
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Describing Items by Their Qualities: Adjectives |
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Adjectival Question Words |
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Plurality and Respect with Adjectives and Nouns |
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Chapter 5 Giving Commands and Making Requests |
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97 | (8) |
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Chapter 6 Unit 1 Review Activities |
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105 | (8) |
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Unit 2 My Family and My Home |
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Chapter 7 Locating Places and Objects |
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113 | (30) |
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Locating Places in the City |
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Locating Places within Countries |
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Locating Objects in the Home |
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Using Postpositions: Oblique Forms |
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Chapter 8 Identifying Family Members |
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143 | (12) |
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Using the Possessive Postposition ka |
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Stating the Number of Siblings You Have |
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Chapter 9 Describing Family Members |
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155 | (14) |
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Describing a Person's Physical Appearance |
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Chapter 10 My Home, My Belongings |
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169 | (10) |
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Expressing What One Has: Physical Possessions |
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Summary of Constructions for Expressing Possession |
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Chapter 11 Making Comparisons |
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179 | (10) |
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Comparative Constructions |
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The Superlative Construction |
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Chapter 12 Unit 2 Review Activities |
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189 | (12) |
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Chapter 13 My Daily Routine 1 |
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201 | (22) |
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Saying Where You Live and Work |
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Describing Routine Activities |
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Using Postpositions with Verbs |
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Chapter 14 My Daily Routine 2 |
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223 | (10) |
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Chapter 15 Describing Events in Progress |
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233 | (14) |
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The Present Continuous Verb Tense |
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Chapter 16 Weather and Climate |
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247 | (12) |
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Chapter 17 Unit 3 Review Activities |
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259 | (8) |
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Chapter 18 Expressing Likes, Needs, and Desires |
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267 | (28) |
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Expressing Likes and Needs |
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Contracted ko Pronoun Forms |
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Additional Uses of the Infinitive |
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Chapter 19 Choosing Items and Expressing Measures |
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295 | (14) |
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Using vala to Indicate an Item |
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Chapter 20 Discussing Prices |
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309 | (12) |
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Chapter 21 Unit 4 Review Activities |
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321 | (14) |
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Chapter 22 My Childhood Home |
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335 | (10) |
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Describing Past Circumstances |
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Chapter 23 Describing One's Childhood |
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345 | (10) |
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The Past Habitual Verb Tense |
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Chapter 24 Describing a Scene in the Past |
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355 | (8) |
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The Past Continuous Verb Tense |
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Chapter 25 Expressions of Time |
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363 | (8) |
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Clock-Related Time Expressions |
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Non-Clock-Based Time Expressions |
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Chapter 26 Unit 5 Review Activities |
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371 | (8) |
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Unit 6 Rules and Responsibilities |
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Chapter 27 Rules and Regulations |
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379 | (8) |
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Chapter 28 Expressing Compulsion |
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387 | (8) |
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Expressions of Compulsion |
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Chapter 29 Giving and Following Instructions |
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395 | (10) |
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The Subjunctive: Introduction |
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Expressing What One Wants Others to Do |
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Chapter 30 Unit 6 Review Activities |
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405 | (8) |
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Unit 7 A Trip to South Asia |
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413 | (12) |
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Chapter 32 My Travel Plans: Definite and Possible |
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425 | (14) |
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Using the Subjunctive with Subordinating Expressions |
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Chapter 33 Arranging Transportation and Lodging |
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439 | (10) |
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How Long It Takes and How Much It Costs |
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Chapter 34 Finding One's Way |
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449 | (8) |
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Giving and Following Directions |
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Chapter 35 Seeking Information for Travel Plans |
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457 | (10) |
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Chapter 36 Unit 7 Review Activities |
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467 | (18) |
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Unit 8 Past Events and Experiences |
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485 | (18) |
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The Perfective Verb Tense |
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Transitive and Intransitive Verbs |
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The Perfective of Transitive Verbs |
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Chapter 38 Narrating a Story |
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503 | (12) |
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Chapter 39 My Experience and Accomplishments |
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515 | (12) |
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The Present Perfect Verb Tense |
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Stating How Long You Have Been Doing Something |
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527 | (14) |
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Ailments and Physical Conditions |
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Expressing the Beginning of an Action |
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Chapter 41 Unit 8 Review Activities |
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541 | (12) |
Appendix 1 Numbers |
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553 | (6) |
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Appendix 2 Grammar Supplement |
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559 | (10) |
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Relative-Correlative Constructions |
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The Contrafactual Verb Form |
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Additional Meanings and Uses of hona |
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Appendix 3 Additional Information for Teachers |
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569 | |
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573 | (48) |
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621 | |