Acknowledgments |
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ix | |
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1 | (15) |
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Growing Suspicion About Testing in Schools |
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3 | (3) |
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6 | (1) |
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Arguments Against High-Stakes Standardized Testing |
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7 | (2) |
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Yearning to Know More About Learning |
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9 | (1) |
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Tests Have Some Benefits If Used Wisely |
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10 | (1) |
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Numbers Are Meaningless Without Descriptors |
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11 | (1) |
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All Assessment Requires Judgment |
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12 | (1) |
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About the Seven Assessments |
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13 | (3) |
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2 Purposes of Education in a Democracy |
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16 | (11) |
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Democratic Education and Assessment |
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20 | (3) |
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Local Communities Should Decide What Their Students Study in School |
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23 | (4) |
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3 Assessment 1: Student Self-Assessments |
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27 | (14) |
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Student-Led Family Conferences |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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Written Contracts and Self-Reflections |
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36 | (2) |
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The Recollections Project |
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38 | (1) |
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Counteracting Harmful Hidden Messages to Students |
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39 | (2) |
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4 Assessment 2: Teacher Observations of Students and Their Work |
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41 | (8) |
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42 | (1) |
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Teachers as Ethnographers |
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43 | (2) |
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The Limits of Teacher Memory |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (3) |
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5 Assessment 3: Descriptive Review Processes |
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49 | (22) |
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What Is a Descriptive Review? |
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50 | (5) |
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Putting Theory Into Practice |
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55 | (12) |
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Equity and Multicultural Issues |
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67 | (3) |
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70 | (1) |
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6 Assessment 4: Reading and Math Interviews |
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71 | (9) |
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Reading Interviews at Mission Hill School |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (2) |
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7 Assessment 5: Portfolios and Public Defense of Student Work |
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80 | (8) |
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Portfolios at Mission Hill School |
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81 | (5) |
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Developing Public Speaking Abilities from an Early Age |
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86 | (2) |
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8 Assessment 6: School Reviews by Outside Experts |
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88 | (9) |
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School Quality Review Process in Boston |
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89 | (3) |
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The Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services, and Skills |
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92 | (3) |
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Accreditation of Educator Preparation |
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95 | (2) |
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9 Assessment 7: School Boards and Town Meetings |
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97 | (10) |
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Reforming and Reinvigorating School Boards |
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101 | (3) |
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New England Town Meetings |
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104 | (3) |
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10 Building a System of Assessment: Examining the New York Performance Standards Consortium |
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107 | (12) |
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108 | (2) |
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Impact on Curriculum and Instruction |
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110 | (3) |
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Multiple Ways to Demonstrate Learning |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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Collaboration and Professional Development |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (10) |
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Better Ways of Assessing Knowledge |
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120 | (2) |
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Keeping the Purposes of Education at the Forefront |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (3) |
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Defending the Public Good |
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126 | (3) |
References |
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129 | (6) |
Index |
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135 | (8) |
About the Authors |
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143 | |