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El. knyga: Bureaucracy and Democracy: Accountability and Performance

  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 26-Jul-2017
  • Leidėjas: CQ Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781506348896
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  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 26-Jul-2017
  • Leidėjas: CQ Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781506348896
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Given the influence of public bureaucracies in policymaking and implementation, Steven J. Balla and William T. Gormley assess their performance using four key perspectives—bounded rationality, principal-agent theory, interest group mobilization, and network theory—to help students develop an analytic framework for evaluating bureaucratic accountability. The new Fourth Edition of Bureaucracy and Democracy: Accountability and Performance provides a thorough review of bureaucracy during the Obama and Trump administrations, as well as new attention to state and local level examples and the role of bureaucratic values.
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New to this Edition:

  • Interviews with two new cabinet secretaries—Christine Todd Whitman and Tom Ridge—with insightful quotes from them throughout the book.
  • Added material on the battle over regulations, a battle that will loom large during the Trump administration, including midnight regulations and the Congressional Review Act.
  • New examples demonstrate the activity and influence of constituencies of different kinds including the placing of women and minorities on US currency, a vignette that features the musical Hamilton, and the political protests surrounding the Dakota Access and Keystone XL pipelines.
  • A new discussion of the privatization of roads, the pros and cons.

Recenzijos

This is the best single overview of bureaucracy and how it fits in our democratic system available. The book elegantly weaves a nuanced understanding of bureaucracy itself with the functioning of agencies in a political system. Readers will learn a tremendous amount. Balla and Gormley know their stuff and they share it in an engaging and accessible fashion. The book includes clear frameworks and contemporary examples to help readers make sense of this complex but important topic. -- David E. Lewis Employing a series of timely and engaging illustrations, Balla and Gormley walk readers through the key theoretical approaches to modern bureaucratic governance. The result is a sophisticated but accessible treatment of the complexities of bureaucratic performance and accountability. This is a go-to resource for those interested in understanding what is at stake when it comes to the administrative state. -- Rachel Augustine Potter "Bureaucracy and Democracy delivers on the longstanding promise that professors make to students each year: that theories of bureaucracy and democracies matter in very practical and applicable ways, and that to understand bureaucracy you need to understand democracy (and vice versa).  Students who read this book will have that a-ha moment about all these connections. That, to me, is worth the price of the book." -- Lonce Bailey "Bureaucracy can be a dry topic to teach and study; Balla and Gormley make it accessible and fun. The book provides a wonderful overview of the theories behind bureaucratic decision-making, as well as the political and other challenges faced by administrative agencies." -- Lydia Tiede

Tables and Figures
xi
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 Bureaucracies as Policymaking Organizations
1(30)
The Contours of Public Bureaucracy
4(1)
Accountability and Performance in Public Bureaucracies
4(5)
Accountability and Its Many Faces
9(2)
The Evolution of Accountability
11(1)
Federal Agencies and Electoral Politics
12(1)
The Limits of Accountability
13(2)
The Push for Performance
15(1)
The Government Performance and Results Act
16(2)
The Program Assessment Rating Tool
18(3)
Agency Reputations in the Real World
21(3)
Accountability and Performance: Theories and Applications
24(7)
Chapter 2 Bureaucratic Reasoning
31(43)
Bounded Rationality
33(3)
Simplified Problem Solving
36(1)
Problem Disaggregation
36(2)
Standard Operating Procedures
38(3)
Sunk Costs
41(1)
Diffusion of Policy Innovations
41(2)
Simulations and Tests
43(1)
Evidence-Based Research
44(5)
Implications for Policy Analysis
49(1)
Motivation
50(1)
Empathy and Commitment
51(2)
Representative Bureaucracy
53(1)
Money as a Motivator
54(1)
Attitudes toward Risk
55(3)
Organizational Advancement
58(1)
Promoting Organizational Cohesion
58(2)
Consequences of Bounded Rationality
60(1)
A Narrow Search
61(1)
Problem Disaggregation
62(1)
Approximations
62(2)
Standard Operating Procedures
64(2)
Conclusion
66(8)
Chapter 3 The Bureaucracy's Bosses
74(55)
Delegation, Adverse Selection, and Moral Hazard
76(2)
Why Bureaucracy?
78(3)
Why Delegation Varies
81(3)
Implementing Child Care Legislation
84(2)
Managing Delegation
86(1)
Presidential Power
86(1)
Unilateral Actions
87(2)
The Budget
89(1)
Appointments
90(5)
Firings
95(1)
Civil Service Reform
96(2)
Regulatory Review
98(3)
Midnight Regulations
101(2)
Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy
103(1)
Politics of Bureaucratic Structure
104(1)
Administrative Procedures
105(2)
Appropriations
107(1)
Oversight
108(3)
Congressional Review Act
111(1)
Judicial Review
112(1)
Judges versus Politicians
112(1)
Circuit Courts and Administrative Law
113(2)
Supreme Court
115(1)
Principal-Agent Theory and the Bureaucracy's Clients
115(1)
Principals and Principles
116(13)
Chapter 4 The Bureaucracy's Clients
129(44)
The Benefits, Costs, and Politics of Public Policy
131(3)
The Rise and Fall of Iron Triangles
134(4)
The Venues of Client Participation
138(1)
The Notice and Comment Process
138(4)
Advisory Committees and Other Venues of Collaboration
142(3)
Political Intervention
145(2)
Political Protest
147(1)
Client Participation and the Internet
148(6)
Client Influence on Bureaucratic Policymaking
154(1)
Business Organizations
155(1)
Public Interest Groups
156(2)
State and Local Governments
158(3)
Clients and the Institutions of Government
161(1)
Client Participation: Three Lessons and Beyond
161(1)
Who Participates Varies
162(1)
Venues Vary
162(1)
Influence Varies
162(11)
Chapter 5 Bureaucratic Networks
173(57)
Networks versus Hierarchies
175(1)
Network Theory
176(3)
The Tools Approach
179(2)
Types of Bureaucratic Networks
181(1)
Intergovernmental Relationships
181(1)
Environmental Protection
181(6)
Health Policy
187(3)
Race to the Top in Education
190(1)
Welfare Reform
191(1)
Public-Private Partnerships
191(1)
Contracting Out
192(3)
Partnerships without Contracts
195(1)
Environmental Protection
196(1)
Education
197(1)
Regional Economic Development
198(1)
Interagency Networks
198(1)
The Cabinet
199(1)
Office of Management and Budget
200(1)
Interagency Coordination
201(2)
Czars
203(6)
Network Effectiveness
209(1)
The Effectiveness of Policy Tools
210(1)
Grants-in-Aid
210(2)
Regulation
212(2)
Information
214(3)
Networks and Public Bureaucracy
217(13)
Chapter 6 The Politics of Disaster Management
230(50)
The Gulf of Mexico: Two Crises with Precedent
231(1)
Hurricane Katrina
232(1)
FEMA's Evolution
233(2)
Katrina Strikes
235(1)
Applying the Theories
236(3)
The Coast Guard and Other Success Stories
239(3)
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
242(1)
Bounded Rationality on the Deepwater Horizon
243(1)
Networks and Oil Exploration
244(1)
The Minerals Management Service: A Problematic Principal
245(2)
Of Booms, Berms, and Client Politics
247(2)
BP and Beyond
249(1)
September 11, 2001: A Crisis without Precedent
250(1)
The First Response
251(2)
Bureaucracy after 9/11
253(3)
The Iraq War and the Intelligence Community
256(2)
Beyond the Department of Homeland Security
258(3)
Avian Influenza: A Crisis in the Making?
261(2)
National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza
263(2)
Using the Theories to Forecast
265(3)
Evaluating Bureaucracy in Light of the Theories
268(12)
Chapter 7 Why Are Some Bureaucracies Better Than Others?
280(26)
Rating the Performance of Agencies
281(1)
Explaining Variations in Performance
282(1)
Tasks
283(4)
Relationships
287(1)
Political Support
288(3)
Leadership
291(4)
Alternative Ways of Gauging Agency Performance
295(3)
Bureaucracy in the Twenty-first Century
298(8)
Appendix: Web Resources 306(3)
Index 309
Steven J. Balla is associate professor of political science, public policy and public administration, and international affairs at George Washington University. He is also a research associate at the George Washington Institute of Public Policy, and a member of the International Working Group on Online Consultation and Public Policy Making.

William T. Gormley Jr. is University Professor and professor of government and public policy at Georgetown University. He is the author of several books, including Organizational Report Cards, with David Weimer and Everybodys Children: Child Care as a Public Problem.