| 1 General notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 | (8) |
|
|
|
9 | (2) |
|
|
|
9 | (2) |
|
|
|
11 | (2) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
13 | (6) |
|
Safety in Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
14 | (5) |
|
|
|
19 | (2) |
| 2 Intravascular contrast media |
|
|
|
|
Historical Development of Radiographic Agents |
|
|
21 | (4) |
|
Adverse Effects of Intravenous Water-Soluble Contrast Media |
|
|
25 | (8) |
|
Toxic Effects on Specific Organs |
|
|
25 | (3) |
|
|
|
28 | (2) |
|
Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Contrast Medium Reactions |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
Prophylaxis of Adverse Contrast Medium Effects |
|
|
30 | (3) |
|
Contrast Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
33 | (6) |
|
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
|
34 | (4) |
|
Gastrointestinal Contrast Agents |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Contrast Agents in Ultrasonography |
|
|
39 | (4) |
| 3 Gastrointestinal tract |
|
|
|
|
Methods of Imaging the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
Introduction to Contrast Media |
|
|
43 | (6) |
|
Water-Soluble Contrast Agents |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
|
46 | (3) |
|
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
|
|
51 | (4) |
|
Small Bowel Follow-Through |
|
|
55 | (2) |
|
|
|
57 | (3) |
|
|
|
60 | (3) |
|
|
|
63 | (2) |
|
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
Reduction of an Intussusception |
|
|
65 | (3) |
|
Contrast Enema in Neonatal Low Intestinal Obstruction |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (2) |
|
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
Coeliac Axis, Superior Mesenteric and Inferior Mesenteric Arteriography |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
Ultrasound of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
74 | (4) |
|
Endoluminal Examination of the Oesophagus and Stomach |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
Transabdominal Examination of the Lower Oesophagus and Stomach |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
Endoluminal Examination of the Anus |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
Endoluminal Examination of the Rectum |
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
78 | (4) |
|
Computed Tomographic Colonography |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
|
|
82 | (3) |
|
Radionuclide Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Study |
|
|
85 | (2) |
|
Radionuclide Gastric-Emptying Study |
|
|
87 | (2) |
|
Radionuclide Meckel's Diverticulum Scan |
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Imaging of Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
|
|
90 | (2) |
|
Labelled White Cell Scanning in Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
|
|
92 | (1) |
| 4 Liver, biliary tract and pancreas |
|
|
|
|
Methods of Imaging the Hepatobiliary System |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
Methods of Imaging the Pancreas |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
|
94 | (2) |
|
Ultrasound of the Gallbladder and Biliary System |
|
|
96 | (2) |
|
Ultrasound of the Pancreas |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography of the Liver and Biliary Tree |
|
|
99 | (2) |
|
Computed Tomographic Cholangiography |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography of the Pancreas |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Liver |
|
|
103 | (3) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Pancreas |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography |
|
|
107 | (5) |
|
Intraoperative Cholangiography |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
Postoperative (T-Tube) Cholangiography |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography |
|
|
112 | (7) |
|
External Biliary Drainage |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Internal Biliary Drainage |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
Percutaneous Extraction of Retained Biliary Calculi (Burhenne Technique) |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Coeliac Axis, Superior Mesenteric and Inferior Mesenteric Arteriography |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Imaging of Liver and Spleen |
|
|
119 | (2) |
|
Radionuclide Hepatobiliary and Gallbladder Radionuclide Imaging |
|
|
121 | (2) |
|
Investigation of Specific Clinical Problems |
|
|
123 | (5) |
|
The Investigation of Liver Tumours |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
The Investigation of Jaundice |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
The Investigation of Pancreatitis |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
|
|
125 | (3) |
| 5 Urinary tract |
|
|
|
|
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
Intravenous Excretion Urography |
|
|
128 | (2) |
|
Ultrasound of the Urinary Tract |
|
|
130 | (2) |
|
Computed Tomography of the Urinary Tract |
|
|
132 | (3) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Urinary Tract |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Urography |
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Adrenals |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Renal Angiography |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Micturating Cystourethrography |
|
|
138 | (2) |
|
Ascending Urethrography in the Male |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Retrograde Pyeloureterography |
|
|
141 | (1) |
|
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
Percutaneous Renal Cyst Puncture and Biopsy |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
Percutaneous Antegrade Pyelography and Nephrostomy |
|
|
144 | (2) |
|
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy |
|
|
146 | (2) |
|
|
|
148 | (1) |
|
Static Renal Radionuclide Scintigraphy |
|
|
149 | (2) |
|
Dynamic Renal Radionuclide Scintigraphy |
|
|
151 | (2) |
|
Direct Radionuclide Micturating Cystography |
|
|
153 | (2) |
| 6 Image guided ablation techniques for cancer treatment |
|
|
|
|
Types of Ablative Technology |
|
|
155 | (8) |
|
|
|
155 | (1) |
|
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
Irreversible Electroporation |
|
|
158 | (2) |
|
|
|
160 | (1) |
|
|
|
160 | (3) |
| 7 Reproductive system |
|
|
Balashanmugam Rajashanker |
|
|
|
|
163 | (3) |
|
Ultrasound of the Female Reproductive System |
|
|
166 | (2) |
|
Ultrasound of the Scrotum |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
Computerized Tomography of the Reproductive System |
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Reproductive System |
|
|
169 | (2) |
|
Gynaecological Malignancy |
|
|
171 | (2) |
|
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
Pet Computerized Tomography |
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
Uterine Artery Embolization |
|
|
174 | (3) |
| 8 Respiratory system |
|
|
|
|
Computed Tomography of the Thorax |
|
|
177 | (2) |
|
Computed Tomography-Guided Lung Biopsy |
|
|
179 | (3) |
|
Methods of Imaging Pulmonary Embolism |
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Lung Ventilation/Perfusion Imaging |
|
|
183 | (8) |
|
Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Emboli |
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance of Pulmonary Emboli |
|
|
188 | (2) |
|
Ultrasound of the Diaphragm-The 'Sniff Test' |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Respiratory System |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
PET and PET-CT of the Respiratory System |
|
|
192 | (1) |
| 9 Heart |
|
|
|
|
|
|
193 | (2) |
|
|
|
195 | (3) |
|
Cardiac Computed Tomography |
|
|
198 | (5) |
|
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance |
|
|
203 | (3) |
|
Radionuclide Ventriculography |
|
|
206 | (3) |
|
Radionuclide Myocardial Perfusion Imaging |
|
|
209 | (8) |
| 10 Arterial system |
|
|
|
|
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomographic Angiography |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
Peripheral (Lower Limb) Computed Tomographic Angiography |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Angiography |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
|
|
220 | (7) |
|
General Complications of Catheter Techniques |
|
|
227 | (2) |
|
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
|
|
230 | (3) |
|
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
Catheter-Directed Arterial Thrombolysis |
|
|
234 | (2) |
|
|
|
236 | (2) |
|
Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Stent Grafts |
|
|
238 | (5) |
| 11 Venous system |
|
|
|
|
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
Lower Limb Venous Ultrasound |
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
Upper Limb Venous Ultrasound |
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
|
|
247 | (3) |
|
|
|
247 | (2) |
|
|
|
249 | (1) |
|
|
|
250 | (1) |
|
|
|
250 | (1) |
|
|
|
250 | (1) |
|
|
|
251 | (2) |
|
Transhepatic Portal Venous Catheterization |
|
|
253 | (1) |
|
|
|
254 | (9) |
|
Venous Angioplasty and Stents |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Gonadal Vein Embolization |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
Inferior Vena Cava Filters |
|
|
256 | (2) |
|
|
|
258 | (2) |
|
|
|
260 | (3) |
| 12 Radionuclide imaging in oncology and infection |
|
|
|
|
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
2[ 18F]Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography Scanning |
|
|
264 | (3) |
|
Other Pet Radiopharmaceuticals |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
68Gallium-Labelled Pharmaceuticals |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
67Gallium Radionuclide Tumour Imaging |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
Radioiodine Metaiodobenzylguanidine Scan |
|
|
268 | (2) |
|
Somatostatin Receptor Imaging |
|
|
270 | (2) |
|
Lymph Node and Lymphatic Channel Imaging |
|
|
272 | (4) |
|
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
Radiographic Lymphangiography |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Lymphoscintigraphy |
|
|
273 | (3) |
|
Radionuclide Imaging of Infection and Inflammation |
|
|
276 | (4) |
| 13 Bones and joints |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Musculoskeletal Magnetic Resonance Imaging-General Points |
|
|
280 | (2) |
|
Arthrography-General Points |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
|
|
283 | (3) |
|
Arthrography-Site-Specific Issues |
|
|
286 | (12) |
|
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
|
|
287 | (2) |
|
|
|
289 | (5) |
|
|
|
294 | (1) |
|
|
|
295 | (1) |
|
|
|
296 | (2) |
|
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
Ultrasound of the Paediatric Hip |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
Thermoablation of Musculoskeletal Tumours |
|
|
300 | (3) |
|
|
|
303 | (5) |
| 14 Brain |
|
|
|
|
Computed Tomography of the Brain |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain |
|
|
309 | (2) |
|
Imaging of Intracranial Haemorrhage |
|
|
311 | (2) |
|
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
Imaging of Acoustic Neuromas |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Imaging of the Brain |
|
|
315 | (5) |
|
Conventional Radionuclide Brain Scanning (Blood-Brain Barrier Imaging) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Imaging |
|
|
315 | (2) |
|
Positron Emission Tomography |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
201Thallium Brain Scanning |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
Dopamine Transporter Ligands |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
Ultrasound of the Infant Brain |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
|
|
321 | (5) |
| 15 Spine |
|
|
|
|
Imaging Approach to Back Pain and Sciatica |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spine |
|
|
328 | (2) |
|
|
|
330 | (10) |
|
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
|
|
330 | (2) |
|
|
|
332 | (3) |
|
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
Cervical Myelography by Lumbar Injection |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography Myelography |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
|
|
337 | (3) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Facet Joint/Medial Branch Blocks |
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Percutaneous Vertebral Biopsy |
|
|
341 | (2) |
|
Bone Augmentation Techniques |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
|
|
343 | (2) |
|
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
|
|
344 | (1) |
| 16 Lacrimal system, salivary glands, thyroid and parathyroids |
|
|
|
|
Digital Subtraction and Computed Tomography Dacryocystography |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Lacrimal System |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
Conventional and Digital Subtraction Sialography |
|
|
348 | (2) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sialography |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Ultrasound of Parathyroid |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Thyroid and Parathyroid |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
Radionuclide Thyroid Imaging |
|
|
352 | (2) |
|
Radionuclide Parathyroid Imaging |
|
|
354 | (3) |
| 17 Breast |
|
|
|
|
Methods of Imaging the Breast |
|
|
357 | (1) |
|
|
|
357 | (3) |
|
|
|
360 | (1) |
|
Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
361 | (2) |
|
|
|
363 | (1) |
|
Image-Guided Breast Biopsy |
|
|
363 | (2) |
|
Preoperative Localization |
|
|
365 | (2) |
| 18 Role of the radiographer and the nurse in interventional radiology |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Role of the Radiographer in Interventional Radiology |
|
|
367 | (3) |
|
Role of the Nurse in Interventional Radiology |
|
|
370 | (5) |
| 19 Patient consent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (2) |
|
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Supporting Patients in Decision Making |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
Acting for a Person Who Lacks Capacity |
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
Documenting Assessment of Capacity |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
|
382 | (3) |
| 20 Sedation and monitoring |
|
|
|
|
|
|
385 | (2) |
|
|
|
387 | (5) |
|
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
|
|
387 | (2) |
|
|
|
389 | (3) |
|
|
|
392 | (3) |
|
Sedation and Monitoring for Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
Recovery and Discharge Criteria |
|
|
394 | (1) |
| 21 Medical emergencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
395 | (2) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
Cardiovascular Emergencies |
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
399 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (3) |
|
|
|
400 | (2) |
|
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity |
|
|
402 | (1) |
| Appendix I Average effective dose equivalents for some common examinations |
|
403 | (2) |
| Appendix II Dose limits - the Ionising Radiation Regulations 1999 |
|
405 | (2) |
| Appendix III The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2000 with the Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) (Amendment) Regulations 2006 and the Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) (Amendment) Regulations 2011 |
|
407 | (14) |
|
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
|
417 | (4) |
| Index |
|
421 | |
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas