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El. knyga: Chasing Shadows

(University of Canterbury)

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Lunar and solar eclipses have always fascinated human beings. Digging deep into history, Clemency Montelle examines the ways in which theoretical understanding of eclipses originated and how ancient and medieval cultures shared, developed, and preserved their knowledge of these awe-inspiring events.

Eclipses were the celestial phenomena most challenging to understand in the ancient world. Montelle draws on original research -- much of it derived from reading primary source material written in Akkadian and Sanskrit, as well as ancient Greek, Latin, and Arabic -- to explore how observers in Babylon, the Islamic Near East, Greece, and India developed new astronomical and mathematical techniques to predict and describe the features of eclipses. She identifies the profound scientific discoveries of these four cultures and discusses how the societies exchanged information about eclipses. In constructing this history, Montelle establishes a clear pattern of the transmission of scientific ideas from one culture to another in the ancient and medieval world.

Chasing Shadows is an invitingly written and highly informative exploration of the early history of scientific exploration.

Recenzijos

"A substantial contribution to the history of ancient astronomy. It is especially significant because of the cultures discussed and in particular its treatment of Indian astronomy." - John Steele, Brown University"

Daugiau informacijos

A substantial contribution to the history of ancient astronomy. It is especially significant because of the cultures discussed and in particular its treatment of Indian astronomy. -- John Steele, Brown University
Preface xi
Chapter One Heavenly Hide and Seek: An Introduction to Eclipse Reckoning in Early Times 1(21)
1.1 Development and Cross-Cultural Transmission
5(8)
1.2 Eclipses and Their Human Significance
13(1)
1.3 Observation and Theory
14(6)
1.4 Aims of This Study
20(2)
Chapter Two The Rudiments of Alignment: Basic Eclipse Theory 22(26)
2.1 The Moon and the Sun
22(5)
2.2 Eclipses
27(13)
2.3 Prediction and Patterns of Eclipses
40(1)
2.4 The Celestial Sphere
41(4)
2.5 Mathematical Conventions
45(3)
Chapter Three An Accountancy of Appearances: Mesopotamian Eclipse Reckoning 48(51)
3.1 Overview
48(6)
3.2 The Earliest Accounting for Eclipses: Enema Anu Enlil
54(4)
3.3 Assyrian Eclipse Reckoning: The Letters and Reports
58(12)
3.4 Babylonian Eclipse Reckoning
70(29)
Chapter Four Beyond the Appearances: Greek Eclipse Reckoning 99(57)
4.1 Overview
99(4)
4.2 Early Greek Geometrical Celestial Conceptions
103(5)
4.3 Sizes, Distances, and Measurement: Aristarchus and Archimedes
108(3)
4.4 Early Greek Mathematical Astronomy
111(10)
4.5 The Peak of Greek Mathematical Astronomy
121(26)
4.6 Omens in Greek and Hellenistic Sources
147(9)
Chapter Five Recipient and Remodeler: Indian Eclipse Reckoning 156(129)
5.1 Overview
156(14)
5.2 General Features of Eclipse Reckoning in India
170(8)
5.3 Eclipses as Omens
178(3)
5.4 Eclipse Observation Records in Inscriptions
181(8)
5.5 Eclipse Reckoning in Indian Texts with Greco-Babylonian Influence: The Paricasiddhantika of Vardhamihira
189(16)
5.6 Eclipse Reckoning from the Fifth to the Tenth Century
205(54)
5.7 Paramesvara and the Astronomical School in Kerala
259(26)
Chapter Six A Science of Configuration: Arabic Eclipse Reckoning 285(40)
6.1 Overview
285(9)
6.2 General Features of Eclipse Reckoning in the Islamic Near East
294(5)
6.3 Major Contributions to Islamic Eclipse Reckoning
299(26)
Chapter Seven Concluding Remarks 325(10)
Appendixes
A Abbreviations and Conventions
335(1)
B A Comparison of NMAT and MAT Eclipse Predictions
336(6)
C The Eclipse Tables in the Wajtiz of al-Khazini
342(11)
Notes 353(24)
Glossary 377(8)
Bibliography 385(8)
Index 393
Clemency Montelle is a lecturer in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Canterbury.