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El. knyga: Chaucer's People: Everyday Lives in Medieval England

3.96/5 (490 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formatas: 368 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 26-Mar-2019
  • Leidėjas: WW Norton & Co
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781324002307
  • Formatas: 368 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 26-Mar-2019
  • Leidėjas: WW Norton & Co
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781324002307

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Among the surviving records of fourteenth-century England, Geoffrey Chaucer’s poetry is the most vivid. Chaucer wrote about everyday people outside the walls of the English court—men and women who spent days at the pedal of a loom, or maintaining the ledgers of an estate, or on the high seas. In Chaucer’s People, Liza Picard transforms The Canterbury Tales into a masterful guide for a gloriously detailed tour of medieval England, from the mills and farms of a manor house to the lending houses and Inns of Court in London.In Chaucer’s People we meet again the motley crew of pilgrims on the road to Canterbury. Drawing on a range of historical records such as the Magna Carta, The Book of Margery Kempe, and Cookery in English, Picard puts Chaucer’s characters into historical context and mines them for insights into what people ate, wore, read, and thought in the Middle Ages. What can the Miller, “big…of brawn and eke of bones” tell us about farming in fourteenth-century England? What do we learn of medieval diets and cooking methods from the Cook? With boundless curiosity and wit, Picard re-creates the religious, political, and financial institutions and customs that gave order to these lives.

The Middle Ages re-created through the cast of pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales.
Maps
xiii
Introduction xix
Country Life
I The Wife of Bath · her appearance · the wool trade · matrimony · pilgrimages · Jerusalem · Rome · Compostela · Cologne · Sinai the pilgrimage ways · paperwork · vicarious pilgrimages
3(20)
II The Ploughman · his appearance · agricultural methods · the Great Pestilence · the poll tax · the rebellion of 1381
23(16)
III The Miller · his appearance · the mechanism of a mill · the peasant and the miller · the profits of a mill · the weather
39(8)
IV The Reeve · medieval land tenure · estate accounts · the villein
47(6)
V The Franklin · hospitality · his status · justice of the peace · knight of the shire · sheriff
53(8)
City Life
VI `Mine Host' · travel in England · Southwark the stews · the wine trade · alehouses
61(10)
VII The Merchant · the financial world · the wool trade · Chaucer's job · the Staple · financing the wool trade · the foreign money market · the Hanseatic League · the Great Companies · apprentices · journeymen
71(19)
VIII The Five Guildsmen: the Haberdasher, the Carpenter, the Weaver, the Dyer and the Tapicer · fraternities · aldermen
90(10)
IX The Cook · kitchens · equipment · recipes · drink bread · feasts · food colourants spices · ingredients · the poor
100(23)
X The Doctor of Physic · astronomy · the humours · fourteenth-century diagnostics · apothecaries · surgery · mental illness · the monasteries · common diseases · the royal touch · the Great Pestilence · women's medicine
123(23)
XI The Sergeant of the Law · the Sergeant's practice · the courts · court procedure · land law the common law · Magna Carta · other statutes · canon law pardons
146(21)
XII The Summoner his job · his appearance · his morals
167(3)
XIII The Manciple · the Inns of Court · legal education · the Manciples job · food-shopping his accounts
170(13)
The Religious Life
XIV The Monk · the monastic orders · his worldly prospects
183(6)
XV The Prioress · her character · table manners · life in a nunnery
189(7)
XVI The Friar · the four orders · the Franciscans · Brother Bozon · the Dominicans · the Austin Friars and the Carmelites · Chaucer's Friar
196(8)
XVII The Pardoner · his appearance · pardons · relics · Chaucer's Pardoner
204(5)
XVIII The Clerk of Oxenford · Oxford University · the Dominicans · the life of an undergraduate · the books he read · the Great Translation movement · parchment and vellum book production · writing as a profession · Chaucer's Cleric · coda: the Canon and his Yeoman
209(17)
XIX The Poor Parson · the ideal · chantries · Wycliffe · the holy oil · pictures and legends
226(11)
The Armed Services
XX The Knight · chivalry · the medieval army hastiludes · tournaments · jousts armour · Le Livre de Seyntz Medicines · conditions in the field · heraldry · the Knight's campaigns · a just war?
237(18)
XXI The Squire · his campaigns · his rank his appearance · clothes the fur trade · footwear and garters · underwear · music · other accomplishments · romantic love
255(14)
XXII The Yeoman · as a retainer · bows and arrows · archery · the French War · Crecy · Poitiers · compulsory training · the forest law · St Christopher · a medieval joke
269(11)
XXIII The Shipman · medieval shipping · naval warfare · navigational skills · the world picture · Marco Polo · Mandeville's Travels
280(18)
Epilogue 298(8)
Appendix A Grosmont, Gaunt and Bolingbroke 306(2)
Appendix B `The Cutty Wren' 308(2)
Appendix C One penny would buy eight red herrings or four larks ... 310(5)
Notes 315(12)
Index 327
Liza Picard is the author of a series of books on the history of London: Elizabeths London, Restoration London, Dr. Johnsons London, and Victorian London. She graduated with a law degree from the London School of Economics and was called to the bar by Grays Inn. She lives in London.