| Preface |
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iv | |
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PART ONE The Principles of Hematology |
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1 | (88) |
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1 Safety and Quality in the Hematology Laboratory |
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1 | (24) |
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An Overview of the Hematology Laboratory |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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Functions of the Hematology Laboratory |
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1 | (1) |
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Safety in the Hematology Laboratory |
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2 | (4) |
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2 | (1) |
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration Acts and Standards |
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2 | (1) |
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Avoiding Transmission of Infectious Diseases |
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3 | (2) |
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Immune Status: Screening and Vaccination |
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5 | (1) |
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Safe Work Practices and Protective Techniques for Infection Control |
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6 | (6) |
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Safety Manual, Policies, and Practices |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Personal Protective Equipment |
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7 | (1) |
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Decontamination of Work Surfaces, Equipment, and Spills |
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8 | (1) |
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General Infection Control Safety Practices |
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9 | (2) |
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OSHA Medical Waste Standards |
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11 | (1) |
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Quality Assessment in the Hematology Laboratory |
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12 | (4) |
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Regulations and Organizations Impacting Quality |
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12 | (1) |
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Components of Quality Assessment |
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12 | (1) |
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Nonanalytical Factors in Quality Assessment |
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12 | (4) |
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Quality Control in the Hematology Laboratory |
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16 | (4) |
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Terms Used in Clinical Quality Control |
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16 | (1) |
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Functions of a Quality Control Program |
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17 | (1) |
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Using Statistical Analysis of Results in Quality Assessment |
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18 | (2) |
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Other Statistical Applications in the Hematology Laboratory |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (2) |
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2 Principles of Blood Collection |
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25 | (25) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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The Phlebotomist as Laboratory Ambassador |
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26 | (1) |
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Patients with Special Considerations |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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Blood Collection Supplies and Equipment |
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26 | (19) |
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26 | (1) |
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Adverse Effects of Additives |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (2) |
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Evacuated Blood Collection Tubes |
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29 | (2) |
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Anticoagulants and Additives in Evacuated Blood Tubes |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Specimen Handling Requirements |
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32 | (13) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (2) |
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3 Molecular Genetics and Cellular Morphology |
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50 | (23) |
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Cellular Ultrastructure and Organization |
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50 | (19) |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (1) |
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Reactive and Neoplastic Growth Processes |
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53 | (1) |
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Cytoplasmic Organelles and Metabolites |
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53 | (1) |
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Cellular Inclusions and Metabolites |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (2) |
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Activities of the Nucleus |
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58 | (2) |
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The Foundations of Genetic Interactions |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (2) |
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Molecular Techniques in Hematology |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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67 | (2) |
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Gene Rearrangement Studies |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (16) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (2) |
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Types of Human Stem Cells |
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73 | (1) |
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Early Development of Blood Cells |
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73 | (2) |
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Bone Marrow Sites and Function |
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75 | (1) |
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Cellular Elements of Bone Marrow |
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76 | (3) |
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76 | (3) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Other Cells Found in Bone Marrow |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (3) |
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Hematopoietic Growth Factors |
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82 | (1) |
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Examination of Maturing Blood Cells |
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83 | (3) |
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General Cellular Characteristics |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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Cytoplasmic Characteristics |
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85 | (1) |
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Mature Blood Cells in Peripheral Blood |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (146) |
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5 Erythrocyte Maturation, Physiology, and Lifecycle |
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89 | (37) |
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90 | (7) |
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90 | (1) |
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General Characteristics of Maturation and Development |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (3) |
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Disorders Related to Erythrocyte Maturation and Production |
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97 | (1) |
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Disorders of Erythropoietin |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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Defective Nuclear Maturation |
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98 | (1) |
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Characteristics and Biosynthesis of Hemoglobin |
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98 | (6) |
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Genetic Inheritance of Hemoglobin |
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98 | (1) |
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Chemical Composition and Configuration of Hemoglobin |
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98 | (1) |
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The Role of 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate |
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99 | (1) |
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Oxygen Dissociation and Alterations |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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Biosynthesis of Hemoglobin |
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101 | (3) |
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Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis |
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104 | (7) |
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Disorders of Heme (Porphyrin) Synthesis |
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104 | (1) |
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Disorders of Iron Metabolism |
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105 | (3) |
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Disorders of Globulin Synthesis |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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Variant Forms of Normal Hemoglobin |
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109 | (1) |
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Abnormal Hemoglobin Molecules |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Membrane Characteristics and Metabolic Activities of Erythrocytes |
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111 | (5) |
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112 | (1) |
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Cytoplasmic Characteristics |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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Catabolism of Erythrocytes |
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114 | (2) |
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Measurement of Erythrocytes |
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116 | (2) |
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116 | (1) |
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin |
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117 | (1) |
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (3) |
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124 | (2) |
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6 Erythrocyte Morphology and Inclusions |
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126 | (19) |
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Erythrocytes: Normal and Abnormal |
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126 | (1) |
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Types of Variations in Erythrocyte Size |
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126 | (1) |
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Kinds of Variations in Erythrocyte Shape |
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127 | (7) |
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Alterations in Erythrocyte Color |
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134 | (1) |
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Varieties of Erythrocyte Inclusions |
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135 | (2) |
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Alterations in Erythrocyte Distribution |
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137 | (1) |
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Parasitic Inclusions in Erythrocytes |
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137 | (5) |
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137 | (4) |
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Other Parasitic Inclusions |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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7 Classification and Laboratory Assessment of Anemias |
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145 | (5) |
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145 | (1) |
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Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Anemia |
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145 | (1) |
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Classification of Anemias |
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145 | (1) |
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Laboratory Assessment of Anemias |
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146 | (2) |
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Quantitative Measurements of Anemia |
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147 | (1) |
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Semiquantitative Grading of Erythrocyte Morphology |
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147 | (1) |
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Supplementary Assessment of Anemias |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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8 Acute and Chronic Blood Loss Anemias |
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150 | (4) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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Chronic Blood Loss Anemia |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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9 Aplastic and Related Anemias |
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154 | (12) |
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154 | (5) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (3) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Congenital Red Blood Cell-Related Disorders |
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159 | (4) |
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159 | (1) |
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Laboratory Findings in Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood |
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162 | (1) |
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Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (2) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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10 Iron Deficiency Anemia and Anemia of Chronic Inflammation |
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166 | (15) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (7) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
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170 | (1) |
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Laboratory Characteristics |
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170 | (3) |
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Anemia of Inflammation or Anemia of chronic Disorders |
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173 | (2) |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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Laboratory Characteristics |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (11) |
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181 | (7) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Transport |
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182 | (1) |
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Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) and Folic Acid Deficiencies |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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Gastric Pathological Findings |
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184 | (2) |
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Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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Treatment and Monitoring Therapy |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (18) |
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192 | (9) |
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Inherited Hemolytic Anemia |
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192 | (5) |
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Acquired Hemolytic Anemia |
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197 | (3) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
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201 | (2) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (3) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (2) |
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13 Hemoglobinopathies and Thalassemias |
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210 | (25) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (7) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
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213 | (1) |
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General Signs and Symptoms |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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Special Laboratory Testing |
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215 | (1) |
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Management of Sickle Cell Disease |
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216 | (2) |
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Sickle Cell Syndromes: Pathogenesis and New Approaches |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (2) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (4) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (3) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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Hereditary Persistance of Fetal Hemoglobin |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (5) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (126) |
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14 Leukocytes: The Granulocytic and Monocytic Series |
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235 | (19) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (5) |
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Production of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
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235 | (1) |
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Sites of Development and Maturation |
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236 | (1) |
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Development and Proliferation of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
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236 | (1) |
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Distribution of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
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236 | (1) |
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Normal Maturational Characteristics of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
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237 | (2) |
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239 | (1) |
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Granulation in Mature Forms |
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239 | (1) |
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The Monocytic-Macrophage Series |
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240 | (1) |
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Production and Development of Monocytes and Macrophages |
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240 | (1) |
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Morphological Characteristics |
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241 | (1) |
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Reference Ranges of Granulocytes and Monocytes |
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241 | (1) |
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Functional Properties of Granulocytes and Monocytes |
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242 | (6) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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Acute Inflammatory Response |
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243 | (2) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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Specialized Functions of Granulocytes |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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Differential Blood Smear Evaluation |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate |
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248 | (1) |
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Assessment of Eosinophils and Basophils |
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249 | (1) |
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Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase Test |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Neutrophilic Hypersegmentation Index |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (2) |
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253 | (1) |
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15 Nonmalignant Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes |
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254 | (12) |
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254 | (2) |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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Morphological Abnormalities of Mature Granulocytes |
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256 | (2) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Abnormalities of Mature Granulocytes in Body Fluids |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Defective Locomotion and Chemotaxis |
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258 | (1) |
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Defects in Microbicidal Activity |
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259 | (1) |
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Other Functional Anomalies of Neutrophils |
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259 | (1) |
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Monocyte-Macrophage Disorders |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (4) |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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16 Leukocytes: Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells |
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266 | (15) |
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Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes |
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266 | (2) |
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Sites of Lymphocytic Development |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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Determining Absolute Lymphocyte Values |
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268 | (1) |
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Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes |
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268 | (5) |
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269 | (3) |
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Specific Lymphocyte Morphological Variations |
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272 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Lymphocytes |
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273 | (4) |
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Major Lymphocyte Categories and Functions |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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Major Lymphocyte Membrane Characteristics and Development |
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274 | (3) |
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Functional Testing of Lymphocytes |
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277 | (1) |
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Plasma Cell Development and Maturation |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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17 Leukocytes: Nonmalignant Lymphocytic Disorders |
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281 | (17) |
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Characteristics of Lymphocytes |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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Disorders Associated with Lymphocytosis |
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282 | (7) |
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282 | (4) |
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Cytomegalovirus Infection |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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Bordetella pertussis (Haemophilus pertussis) Infection |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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Immune Disorders Associated with Lymphocytopenia |
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289 | (5) |
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289 | (1) |
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(HIV/AIDS) |
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289 | (4) |
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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|
294 | (3) |
|
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
18 Characteristics of Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Myelomas |
|
|
298 | (9) |
|
Comparison of Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Myelomas |
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
Classifications of Leukemias |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
French-American-British Classification |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
World Health Organization Classification |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
Factors Related to the Occurrence of Leukemia |
|
|
300 | (4) |
|
Genetic and Immunological Factors |
|
|
300 | (2) |
|
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Chemical and Drug Exposure |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Genetic Abnormalities and Associations |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
Secondary Causes of Leukemias |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
Demographic Distribution of Leukemia and Lymphomas |
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
|
|
307 | (30) |
|
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Epidemiology of Acute Leukemias |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Prognosis of Acute Leukemias |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
French-American-British and World Health Organization Categories |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
French-American-British (FAB) Classification |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
World Health Organization (WHO) Organization Classfication |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
General Characteristics of Acute Myeloid Leukemias |
|
|
309 | (7) |
|
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (FAB M1) |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (FAB M2) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (FAB M3) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (FAB M4) |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
Acute Monocytic Leukemia (FAB M5) |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Selected Examples of Unusual Forms |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia FAB M7 |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Epidemiology of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Prognosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Classifications of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
317 | (2) |
|
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Special Identification Techniques |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
Cytogenetic Analysis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
Cytogenetics in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
Principles of Special Cytochemical Stains |
|
|
320 | (5) |
|
|
|
321 | (5) |
|
|
|
326 | |
|
Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
Other Surface Membrane Markers |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Life-Threatening Emergencies |
|
|
326 | (2) |
|
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Leukemic Infiltration of Organs |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
329 | (4) |
|
|
|
333 | (2) |
|
|
|
335 | (2) |
|
20 Lymphoid and Plasma Cell Neoplasms |
|
|
337 | (24) |
|
Mature B-Cell Neoplasms Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma |
|
|
337 | (5) |
|
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
|
|
342 | (1) |
|
|
|
342 | (2) |
|
Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Myeloma) |
|
|
344 | (2) |
|
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Waldenstrom Primary Macroglobulinemia (Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma) |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
|
|
347 | (6) |
|
Relationship Between Lymphomas and Leukemias |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
|
|
347 | (2) |
|
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
Precursors of Hodgkin Disease and B-Cell Lymphomas |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Other Forms |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Neoplasms |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
|
|
354 | (4) |
|
|
|
358 | (1) |
|
|
|
358 | (3) |
|
PART FOUR Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
361 | (38) |
|
21 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
361 | (25) |
|
General Characteristics of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
Relationship of the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
Common Disorders of Hemostasis and Coagulation |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
|
|
363 | (1) |
|
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia |
|
|
363 | (7) |
|
|
|
363 | (1) |
|
|
|
363 | (1) |
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
|
|
365 | (2) |
|
|
|
367 | (1) |
|
|
|
367 | (1) |
|
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
Leukemia-Specific Targets |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation |
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocytosis (Essential Thrombocythemia), and Primary Myelofibrois |
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
|
|
370 | (4) |
|
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
Abnormalities of Hemostasis and Coagulation |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Prognosis and Complications |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
374 | (2) |
|
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
|
375 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
Essential Thrombocytosis/Essential Thrombocythemia |
|
|
376 | (2) |
|
Diagnostic Characteristics |
|
|
376 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Relationship of Thrombocythemia and PV |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
|
379 | (3) |
|
|
|
382 | (2) |
|
|
|
384 | (2) |
|
22 Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
386 | (13) |
|
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Myelodysplastic Syndromes |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
|
|
387 | (5) |
|
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
Chromosomal Abnormalities |
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
Laboratory Manifestations |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
Features of Selected Types of Myelodysplastic Syndromes |
|
|
391 | (1) |
|
Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
392 | (1) |
|
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia |
|
|
392 | (1) |
|
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
Relationship of Karyotype to Prognosis |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
PART FIVE Principles and Disorders of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
399 | (66) |
|
23 Principles of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
399 | (32) |
|
Overview of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
Blood Vasculature: Structure and function |
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
The Role of Vasoconstriction in Hemostasis |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
The Role of the Endothelium |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
Maintenance of Vascular Integrity |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
The Megakaryocyte Cell Series |
|
|
403 | (3) |
|
General Characteristics of Megakaryocytic Development |
|
|
403 | (2) |
|
Cellular infrastructure of a Mature Platelet |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Platelet Kinetics, Life Span, and Normal Values |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
Platelet Function in Hemostasis |
|
|
406 | (4) |
|
Overall Functions of Platelets |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
Platelet Plug Consolidation and Stabilization |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
Laboratory Assessment of Platelets |
|
|
408 | (2) |
|
Blood Coagulation Factors |
|
|
410 | (10) |
|
Basic Concepts of Blood Coagulation |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Common Characteristics of Coagulation Factors |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individual Factors |
|
|
410 | (3) |
|
The Mechanism of Coagulation |
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
Thrombin-Mediated Reactions |
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
Other Systems and Inhibitors |
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
Laboratory Assessment of Blood Coagulation Factors |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
International Normalized Ratio |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
Specialized Assays for Coagulation Factors |
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
|
|
418 | (1) |
|
Assays for Fibrin Formation |
|
|
419 | (1) |
|
Normal Protective Mechanisms Against Thrombosis |
|
|
420 | (4) |
|
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
Removal of Activated Clotting Factors and Particulate Material |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
The Natural Anticoagulant Systems |
|
|
420 | (4) |
|
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
Modern View of Hemostasis |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
|
|
424 | (2) |
|
|
|
426 | (3) |
|
|
|
429 | (2) |
|
24 Disorders of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
431 | (34) |
|
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
Abnormal Platelet Morphology |
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
Quantitative Platelet Disorders |
|
|
432 | (4) |
|
|
|
432 | (4) |
|
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
Qualitative Characteristics of Platelets: Thrombocytopathy |
|
|
436 | (3) |
|
Types of Platelet Dysfunctions |
|
|
437 | (2) |
|
Bleeding Disorders Related to Blood Clotting |
|
|
439 | (11) |
|
|
|
440 | (5) |
|
Disorders of Destruction and Consumption |
|
|
445 | (4) |
|
Disorders Related to Elevated Fibrin Split Products |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
The Hypercoagulable State |
|
|
450 | (8) |
|
Primary States of Hypercoagulability |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
Secondary States of Hypercoagulability |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
Pregnancy-Associated Thrombosis |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
|
|
451 | (3) |
|
|
|
454 | (2) |
|
Antithrombin III Deficiency |
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
Laboratory Assessment of Hypercoagulable States |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
|
458 | (2) |
|
|
|
460 | (2) |
|
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
|
|
463 | (2) |
|
PART SIX Fundamentals of Hematological Analysis |
|
|
465 | (108) |
|
|
|
465 | (33) |
|
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
|
|
466 | (7) |
|
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Production of Cerebrospinal Fluid |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
Specimen Collection: Lumbar Puncture |
|
|
466 | (1) |
|
|
|
467 | (6) |
|
Pleural, Peritoneal, and Pericardial Fluids |
|
|
473 | (17) |
|
Effusions: Transudates and Exudates |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
|
|
473 | (5) |
|
|
|
478 | (4) |
|
|
|
482 | (2) |
|
|
|
484 | (2) |
|
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
Anatomy and Physiology of Joints |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
Purpose of Arthrocentesis |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (3) |
|
Body Fluid Slide Preparation |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
Staining of Body Fluid Sediment |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
|
|
490 | (3) |
|
|
|
493 | (3) |
|
|
|
496 | (2) |
|
26 Manual Procedures in Hematology |
|
|
498 | (28) |
|
|
|
498 | (18) |
|
|
|
516 | (6) |
|
|
|
516 | (1) |
|
Special Collection Techniques |
|
|
516 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
|
518 | (4) |
|
|
|
522 | (4) |
|
27 Instrumentation in Hematology |
|
|
526 | (47) |
|
|
|
527 | (4) |
|
The Electrical Impedance Principle |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
The Optical Detection Principle |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Light Scatter |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Fundamentals of Laser Technology |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Principles of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
The Basis of Cellular Identification |
|
|
529 | (2) |
|
Whole Blood Cell Analysis |
|
|
531 | (12) |
|
Types of Automated Cell Counting Instruments |
|
|
532 | (11) |
|
General Histogram Characteristics |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
Analysis of Instrumental Data Output |
|
|
543 | (4) |
|
The Erythrocyte Histogram |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
Quantitative Descriptors of Erythrocytes |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
|
544 | (1) |
|
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
Derived Platelet Parameters |
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
|
|
547 | (2) |
|
Red Blood Cells/Platelets |
|
|
547 | (1) |
|
|
|
548 | (1) |
|
Basophil/Lobularity (Nuclear) Channel |
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
Applications of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
549 | (5) |
|
General Properties of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Hematological Applications |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Other Cellular Applications |
|
|
551 | (3) |
|
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Artificial Neural Networks |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Instruments in Coagulation Studies |
|
|
555 | (4) |
|
Electromechanical Methods |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
|
|
555 | (3) |
|
Viscosity-based Detection System |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
Analysis of Electrical Impedance Instrumental Data Output |
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
Applications of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
Instruments in Coagulation Studies |
|
|
560 | (1) |
|
|
|
560 | (9) |
|
|
|
569 | (2) |
|
|
|
571 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
A Answers to Review Questions |
|
|
573 | (5) |
|
B The Basics of Medical Terminology |
|
|
578 | (2) |
|
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
D English-Spanish Medical Phrases for the Phlebotomist |
|
|
581 | (1) |
|
|
|
582 | (6) |
|
|
|
588 | (2) |
|
G Frequently Used Abbreviations |
|
|
590 | (1) |
| Glossary |
|
591 | (11) |
| Index |
|
602 | |
