About the Author |
|
v | |
Preface |
|
vii | |
|
PART ONE Hematology Basics |
|
|
1 | (80) |
|
1 Safety Practices and Quality in the Hematology Laboratory |
|
|
1 | (24) |
|
An Overview of the Hematology Laboratory |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
Safety in the Hematology Laboratory |
|
|
2 | (4) |
|
Safe Work Practices and Protective Techniques for Infection Control |
|
|
6 | (5) |
|
Quality Assessment in the Hematology Laboratory |
|
|
11 | (4) |
|
Quality Control in the Hematology Laboratory |
|
|
15 | (10) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
21 | (2) |
|
|
23 | (1) |
|
|
23 | (2) |
|
2 Principles of Blood Collection |
|
|
25 | (33) |
|
Quality in Blood Collection |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
Safe Blood Collection Equipment |
|
|
27 | (3) |
|
Safe Blood Collection Equipment |
|
|
30 | (28) |
|
|
51 | (3) |
|
|
54 | (2) |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
3 Cellular Morphology and Foundations of Genetic Hematopoietic Disorders |
|
|
58 | (23) |
|
Cellular Ultrastructure and Organization |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
|
59 | (3) |
|
Cytoplasmic Organelles and Metabolites |
|
|
62 | (6) |
|
|
68 | (13) |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
76 | (3) |
|
|
79 | (2) |
|
PART TWO Hematopoiesis and Cellular Maturation |
|
|
81 | (128) |
|
|
81 | (23) |
|
Ontogeny of Hematopoiesis |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
Hematopoietic Organs and Tissues |
|
|
83 | (4) |
|
Secondary Lymphoid Tissues |
|
|
87 | (2) |
|
Cellular Elements of Bone Marrow |
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
|
89 | (3) |
|
|
92 | (2) |
|
Examination of Maturing Blood Cells |
|
|
94 | (4) |
|
Mature Blood Cells in Peripheral Blood |
|
|
98 | (6) |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
100 | (3) |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
5 Erythrocytes: Erythropoiesis, Maturation, Membrane Characteristics, and Metabolic Activities |
|
|
104 | (15) |
|
|
104 | (7) |
|
Disorders Related to Erythrocyte Maturation and Production |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
Membrane Characteristics and Metabolic Activities of Erythrocytes |
|
|
112 | (7) |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
|
116 | (1) |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
6 Erythrocytes: Hemoglobin |
|
|
119 | (22) |
|
Characteristics of Hemoglobin |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
Oxygen Dissociation and Alterations |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
Biosynthesis of Hemoglobin |
|
|
123 | (4) |
|
Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
Variant Forms of Normal Hemoglobin |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
Abnormal Hemoglobin Molecules |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
Catabolism of Erythrocytes |
|
|
131 | (10) |
|
|
133 | (3) |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
137 | (3) |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
7 Erythrocytes: Morphology and Inclusions |
|
|
141 | (22) |
|
Erythrocytes: Normal and Abnormal |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
Types of Variations in Erythrocyte Size |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
Kinds of Variations in Erythrocyte Shape |
|
|
143 | (6) |
|
Alterations in Erythrocyte Color |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
Varieties of Erythrocyte Inclusions |
|
|
150 | (2) |
|
Alterations in Erythrocyte Distribution |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
Parasitic Inclusions in Erythrocytes |
|
|
152 | (11) |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
|
159 | (3) |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
8 Leukocytes: The Granulocytic and Monocytic Series |
|
|
163 | (25) |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
Granulocytic Series: Production of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
Granulocyte Sites of Development and Maturation |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
Distribution of Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
Normal Maturational Characteristics of Granulocytes |
|
|
166 | (3) |
|
Leukocyte Surface Markers |
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
The Monocytic-Macrophage Series |
|
|
169 | (3) |
|
Normal Reference Ranges and Variations |
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
Abnormalities in Granulocytic Reference Ranges |
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
Functional Properties of Monocytes/Macrophages |
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
|
175 | (13) |
|
|
180 | (3) |
|
|
183 | (1) |
|
|
183 | (3) |
|
|
186 | (2) |
|
9 Leukocytes: Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells |
|
|
188 | (21) |
|
Anatomical Origin and Development of Lymphocytes |
|
|
189 | (4) |
|
Morphological Characteristics of Normal Lymphocytes |
|
|
193 | (4) |
|
Characteristics of Lymphocytes |
|
|
197 | (4) |
|
T Lymphocytes, B Lymphocytes, and Plasma Cell Kinetics |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
Plasma Cell Development and Maturation |
|
|
202 | (7) |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
|
205 | (3) |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
PART THREE Hematology Laboratory Assessments |
|
|
209 | (30) |
|
10 Basic Laboratory Assessment of Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Platelets |
|
|
209 | (21) |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
Quantitative Assessment of Erythrocytes |
|
|
211 | (5) |
|
Quantitative Assessment of Leukocytes |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
Other Leukocyte-Related Assessments |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Quantitative Assessment of Platelets |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
Peripheral Blood Film Evaluation |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
Semiquantitative Grading of Erythrocyte Morphology |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Semiquantitative Assessment of Leukocytes |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Semiquantitative Assessment of Platelets |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Leukocyte Differential Count |
|
|
221 | (9) |
|
|
223 | (3) |
|
|
226 | (3) |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
11 Classification and Laboratory Assessment of Anemias |
|
|
230 | (9) |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Anemia |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
Classification of Anemias |
|
|
231 | (2) |
|
Laboratory Assessment of Anemias |
|
|
233 | (6) |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
|
237 | (2) |
|
PART FOUR Erythrocyte Disorders |
|
|
239 | (96) |
|
12 Acute and Chronic Blood Loss Anemia and Anemias Associated with Systemic Disorders |
|
|
239 | (4) |
|
|
239 | (1) |
|
Chronic Blood Loss Anemia |
|
|
240 | (3) |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
13 Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes |
|
|
243 | (14) |
|
Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes |
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
|
244 | (4) |
|
Constitutional Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes Associated with Aplastic Anemia |
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Bone Marrow Failures Involving a Single-Cell Lineage |
|
|
249 | (3) |
|
Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia |
|
|
252 | (5) |
|
|
253 | (1) |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
14 Disorders of Iron Metabolism and Heme Synthesis |
|
|
257 | (23) |
|
Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
|
258 | (7) |
|
Anemia of Inflammation or Anemia of Chronic Disorders/Diseases |
|
|
265 | (3) |
|
Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis: Sideroblastic Anemia |
|
|
268 | (2) |
|
Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis: Hereditary Hemochromatosis |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis: Heme (Porphyrin) Synthesis |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
Disorders Related to Hemoglobin Biosynthesis: Disorders of Globulin Synthesis |
|
|
272 | (8) |
|
|
272 | (2) |
|
|
274 | (2) |
|
|
276 | (3) |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
15 Macrocytic and Megaloblastic Anemias |
|
|
280 | (12) |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
|
282 | (5) |
|
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia |
|
|
287 | (5) |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (21) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
The Role of Complement in Hemolytic Anemia |
|
|
293 | (13) |
|
Complement-Mediated Disease |
|
|
306 | (7) |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
|
308 | (2) |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
17 Hemoglobinopathies and Thalassemias |
|
|
313 | (22) |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
315 | (6) |
|
Sickle Cell Syndromes: Pathogenesis and New Approaches |
|
|
321 | (2) |
|
|
323 | (4) |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin |
|
|
328 | (7) |
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
|
330 | (2) |
|
|
332 | (2) |
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
PART FIVE Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders |
|
|
335 | (36) |
|
18 Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes |
|
|
335 | (19) |
|
Granulopoietic Alterations: Quantitative Disorders |
|
|
336 | (3) |
|
Morphological Abnormalities of Mature Granulocytes |
|
|
339 | (3) |
|
Inherited Functional Abnormalities |
|
|
342 | (1) |
|
Granulopoietic Alterations: Qualitative Disorders |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
Monocyte-Macrophage Disorders |
|
|
344 | (10) |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
347 | (3) |
|
|
350 | (3) |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
19 Disorders of Lymphocytes |
|
|
354 | (17) |
|
Characteristics of Lymphocytes |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
Disorders Associated with Lymphocytosis |
|
|
356 | (6) |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
Immune Disorders Associated with Lymphocytopenia |
|
|
362 | (9) |
|
|
367 | (1) |
|
|
367 | (2) |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
PART SIX Neoplastic Disorders |
|
|
371 | (118) |
|
20 Characteristics of Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Myelomas |
|
|
371 | (10) |
|
Comparison of Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Myelomas |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
Classifications of Leukemias |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Factors Related to the Occurrence of Leukemia |
|
|
373 | (4) |
|
Demographic Distribution of Leukemia and Lymphomas |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
378 | (3) |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
|
381 | (34) |
|
General Characteristics of Acute Leukemias |
|
|
382 | (2) |
|
|
384 | (3) |
|
|
387 | (8) |
|
|
395 | (3) |
|
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
398 | (4) |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
Life-Threatening Emergencies |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
|
404 | (11) |
|
|
405 | (2) |
|
|
407 | (3) |
|
|
410 | (3) |
|
|
413 | (2) |
|
22 Lymphoid and Plasma Cell Neoplasms |
|
|
415 | (34) |
|
Leukemias versus Lymphomas |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
416 | (7) |
|
T-Cell and NK-Cell Neoplasms |
|
|
423 | (3) |
|
|
426 | (6) |
|
|
432 | (2) |
|
|
434 | (5) |
|
|
439 | (1) |
|
Waldenstrom Primary Macroglobulinemia (Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma) |
|
|
440 | (9) |
|
|
441 | (2) |
|
|
443 | (2) |
|
|
445 | (2) |
|
|
447 | (2) |
|
23 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
449 | (26) |
|
General Characteristics of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia |
|
|
451 | (8) |
|
Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocytosis (Essential Thrombocythemia), and Primary Myelofibrosis |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
|
460 | (3) |
|
|
463 | (3) |
|
Essential Thrombocytosis/Essential Thrombocythemia |
|
|
466 | (2) |
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable (MPN-U) |
|
|
468 | (7) |
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
471 | (3) |
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
24 Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
475 | (14) |
|
General Characteristics of Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms |
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
Myelodysplastic Syndromes |
|
|
476 | (5) |
|
Relationship of Cytogenetics to Prognosis |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MDS/MPN) |
|
|
482 | (7) |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (2) |
|
PART SEVEN Principles and Disorders of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
489 | (94) |
|
25 Principles of Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Vasculature and Platelets |
|
|
489 | (15) |
|
Overview of Hemostasis and Thrombosis |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
Blood Vasculature: Structure and Function |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
|
492 | (4) |
|
Cell-Based Mechanism of Hemostasis: Platelet Function |
|
|
496 | (8) |
|
|
500 | (1) |
|
|
501 | (2) |
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
26 Disorders of Primary Hemostasis and Thrombosis Vasculature and Platelets |
|
|
504 | (22) |
|
|
504 | (5) |
|
Quantitative Platelet Disorders |
|
|
509 | (7) |
|
Qualitative Characteristics of Platelets: Thrombocytopathy/Thrombocythemia |
|
|
516 | (10) |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
523 | (1) |
|
|
524 | (1) |
|
|
524 | (2) |
|
27 Principles of Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Blood Coagulation Factors and Natural Coagulant Systems |
|
|
526 | (24) |
|
Blood Coagulation Factors |
|
|
526 | (15) |
|
Normal Protective Mechanisms against Thrombosis |
|
|
541 | (4) |
|
Modern View of Hemostasis |
|
|
545 | (5) |
|
|
545 | (1) |
|
|
546 | (2) |
|
|
548 | (2) |
|
28 Disorders of Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Blood Coagulation Factors, Hypercoagulable State, and Anticoagulant Therapy |
|
|
550 | (33) |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
|
551 | (8) |
|
Disorders of Destruction and Consumption |
|
|
559 | (4) |
|
The Hypercoagulable (Thrombophilia) |
|
|
563 | (11) |
|
|
574 | (9) |
|
|
577 | (2) |
|
|
579 | (1) |
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
|
581 | (2) |
|
PART EIGHT Fundamentals of Hematological Analysis |
|
|
583 | (120) |
|
|
583 | (35) |
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
|
585 | (7) |
|
Pleural, Peritoneal, and Pericardial Fluids |
|
|
592 | (26) |
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
|
611 | (6) |
|
|
617 | (1) |
|
30 Instrumentation in Hematology |
|
|
618 | (35) |
|
|
619 | (5) |
|
Whole Blood Cell Analysis |
|
|
624 | (3) |
|
Analysis of Instrumental Data Output |
|
|
627 | (4) |
|
|
631 | (3) |
|
Applications of Flow Cytometry |
|
|
634 | (4) |
|
|
638 | (1) |
|
Instruments in Coagulation Studies |
|
|
639 | (14) |
|
|
641 | (2) |
|
|
643 | (7) |
|
|
650 | (2) |
|
|
652 | (1) |
|
31 Molecular Diagnostic Techniques and Applications |
|
|
653 | (17) |
|
|
653 | (1) |
|
Molecular Techniques in Hematology |
|
|
654 | (1) |
|
Molecular Genetics in Hematology |
|
|
655 | (15) |
|
|
666 | (1) |
|
|
667 | (1) |
|
|
668 | (2) |
|
32 Laboratory Manual: Manual Procedures in Hematology |
|
|
670 | (33) |
|
|
670 | (33) |
|
|
699 | (4) |
|
|
|
A Answers to Review Questions |
|
|
703 | (5) |
|
B Frequently Used Abbreviations |
|
|
708 | (1) |
|
|
709 | (5) |
|
|
714 | (2) |
|
|
716 | (2) |
|
|
718 | (4) |
|
|
722 | (2) |
|
|
724 | (3) |
Glossary |
|
727 | (16) |
Index |
|
743 | |