Introduction PART I. PEACE DIPLOMACY AND AMERICA 1 The Momentum of War [ 1916] 2 Letter to President Wilson [ 1916] 3 Why Do Men Persist in Living? [ 1917] 4 Two Ideals of Pacifism [ 1917] 5 The Logic of Armaments [ 1917] 6 For Conscience Sake [ 1917] 7 The Pacifist at Large [ 1917] 8 The Future of The Tribunal [ 1917] 9 President Wilson's Statement [ 1917] 10 Why the War Continues [ 1917] 11 The Prospects of the N.C.F. in the New Year [ 1917] 12 Prefatory Note [ 1917] PART II. THE SPECTRE OF DOMESTIC CONSCRIPTION AND THE ABSOLUTIST CHALLENGE 13 Universal National Service [ 1917] Secretaries [ 1917] 14 The Government and Absolute Exemption [ 1917] 15 National Service [ 1917] 16 Liberty and National Service [ 1917] 17 The Position of the Absolutists [ 1917] 18 Letters to Home Office Camps [ 1917] Home Office Work Centres [ 1917] 19 War and Individual Liberty [ 1917] 20 Saul Among the Prophets (1) [ 1917] 21 Conscientious Objectors [ 1917] PART III. RUSSIA LEAVES THE WAR 22 Russian Charter of Freedom [ 1917] 23 Russia Leads the Way [ 1917] 24 The Evils of Persecution [ 1917] 25 The Conscientious Objector: Reply to E. A . Wodehouse [ 1917] 26 The New Hope [ 1917] 27 America's Entry into the War [ 1917] PART IV. INDIVIDUAL WITNESS OR COLLECTIVE ACTION 28 The Importance of Mental Growth [ 1917] 29 Should the N.- C. F Abstain from All Political Action? [ 1917] 30 Home Office Camps and Slacking [ 1917] 31 Resistance and Service [ 1917] 32 To the Russian Revolutionaries [ 1917] 33 The Russian Revolution [ 1917] 34 Report of Visit to Princetown [ 1917] 35 How to Destroy Prussian Militarism [ 1917] 36 The Value of Endurance [ 1917] 37 Letter of Resignation [ 1917] 38 Russia and Peace [ 1917] 39 Absolutist Conscientious Objectors [ 1917] PART V. A SUMMER OF HOPE 40 Tribute at Leeds [ 1917] 41 Lord Derby and Leeds [ 1917] 42 Conscientious Objectors: Lord Derby and the Absolutists [ 1917] 43 The Chances of Peace [ 1917] 44 The Price of Vengeance [ 1917] 45 The Military Authorities and the Absolutists [ 1917] 46 Introduction to Clifford Allen's On Active Service [ 1917] 47 Pacifism and Economic Revolution [ 1917] 48 Leeds Aftermath [ 1917] 49 The Renewed Ill-Treatment of "C.O.'s" [ 1917] 50 A Pacifist Revolution? [ 1917] 51 Pacifism and Revolution [ 1917] 52 1 Appeal unto Caesar' [ 1917] 53 The Fall of Bethmann-Hollweg [ 1917] 54 The International Situation [ 1917] 55 Chancellor and Premier [ 1917] PART VI. POLITICAL IDEALS 56 Political Ideals [ 1916] 57 Capitalism and the Wages System [ 1917] 58 Pitfalls in Socialism [ 1917] 59 Individual Liberty and Public Control [ 1917] 60 National Independence and Internationalism [ 1917] PART VII. THE COALITION'S COUNTER-OFFENSIVE AGAINST DISSENT 61 "Crucify Him! Crucify Him!" [ 1917] 62 The Russian Revolution and International Relations [ 1917] Imperialist Anxieties [ 1917] 66 The N.-C.F. Greets the Delegates of Inter-Allied Socialist Conference [ 1917] 67 Self-Discipline and Self-Government [ 1917] 68 Six Months for Spreading Truth [ 1917] 69 Secret Diplomacy [ 1917] 70 The Charge of Anarchy [ 1917] 71 The Kaiser's Reply to the Pope [ 1917] 72 Is Nationalism Moribund? [ 1917] 73 Asia and the War [ 1917] 74 The Times on Revolution [ 1917] 75 Count Czernin's Speech [ 1917] 76 A Valuable Suggestion by the Bishop of Exeter [ 1917] 77 The People and Peace [ 1917] PART VIII. THE NEW DICTATORSHIP OF OPINION 78 Saul Among the Prophets (11) [ 1917] 79 Will Conscription Continue After the War? [ 1917] 80 The International Outlook [ 1917] 81 A New Tribunal for Gaol Delivery [ 1917] 82 The New Dictatorship of Opinion [ 1917] 83 Who Is the British Bolo? [ 1917] 84 Boloism in Power [ 1917] 85 The Sanctity of Conscience [ 1917] 86 Lord Lansdowne's Letter [ 1917] 87 Military Training in Schools [ 1917] 88 The Government's "Concessions" [ 1917] 89 Freedom or Victory? [ 1917] 90 International Opinion During 1917 [ 1917] 91 The N.-C.F. Christmas Card [ 1917] PART IX. RUSSELL CHARGED: DISSENT IN DISARRAY 92 The German Peace Offer [ 1918] 93 The Bolsheviks and Mr. Lloyd George [ 1918] 94 Letter to the Morning Post [ 1918] 95 Draft of Defence [ 1918] 96 Statements by Bertrand Russell [ 1918] PART X. RUSSELL IN PRISON 97 Human Character and Social Institutions [ 1918] 98 Despair in Regard to the World [ 1918] 100 The International Outlook (11) [ 1918] 101 The Single Tax [ 1918] 102 For Any One Whom It May Interest [ 1918] 103 The State God [ 1918] PART XI. EPILOGUE: THE LEGACIES OF THE CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS 104 Why Are the C.O.'s Not Released? [ 1919] 105 What the Conscientious Objector Has Achieved [ 1919] 106 What the C O . Stands For [ 1920]