| Preface |
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iii | |
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Normal Hemopoiesis and Blood Cells |
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1 | (40) |
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Hemopoietic stem and progenitor cells |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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Hemopoietic growth factors |
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3 | (4) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Lymbphokines and monokines |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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Tumor necrosis factor (α) and lymphotoxin (tumor necrosis factor β) |
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9 | (1) |
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Migration inhibition factor |
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9 | (1) |
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Membrane-growth factor interactions |
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9 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (6) |
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17 | (1) |
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Granulopoiesis and monocyte production |
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18 | (1) |
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Megakaryocyte and platelet production |
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19 | (1) |
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Lymphocytes and plasma cells |
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19 | (1) |
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Assessment of iron status |
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20 | (1) |
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Osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (4) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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Mononuclear phagocytic system |
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26 | (4) |
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26 | (1) |
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Reticuloendothelial system: phagocytes and dendritic cells |
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26 | (4) |
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30 | (9) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (3) |
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34 | (1) |
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Lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation |
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35 | (2) |
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Somatic hypermutation in normal B cells |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (2) |
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Hypochromic anemias and Iron Overload |
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41 | (16) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (6) |
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Blood and bone marrow appearances |
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42 | (3) |
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Causes of iron deficiency |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (4) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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Differential diagnosis of hypochromic microcytic anemias |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (2) |
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Congenital erythropoietic porphyria |
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52 | (2) |
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Congenital erythropoietic protoporphyria |
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54 | (1) |
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Iron overload: primary (genetic) hemochromatosis |
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54 | (2) |
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Other causes of iron overload |
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56 | (1) |
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Hereditary hyperferritinemia with autosomal dominant congenital cataract syndrome |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (14) |
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59 | (6) |
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Blood count and blood film appearances |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (3) |
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Causes of megaloblastic anemia |
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65 | (5) |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (1) |
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Abnormalities of vitamin B12 or folate metabolism |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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Treatment of megaloblastic anemia |
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70 | (1) |
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Causes of macrocytosis other than megaloblastic anemia |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (14) |
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Hereditary hemolytic anemia |
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73 | (6) |
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73 | (1) |
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Red cell blood group antigens |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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Hereditary elliptocytosis |
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74 | (1) |
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South-east Asian ovalocytosis (stomatocytic hereditary elliptocytosis) |
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74 | (2) |
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Other rare inherited defects of the red cell membrane |
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76 | (1) |
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Normal red cell metabolism |
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77 | (1) |
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Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency |
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77 | (1) |
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Pyruvate kinase deficiency |
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78 | (1) |
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Pyrimidine 5-nucleotidase deficiency |
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78 | (1) |
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Acquired hemolytic anemia |
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79 | (6) |
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Autoimmune hemolytic anemias |
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79 | (2) |
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Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia |
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81 | (1) |
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Isoimmune hemolytic anemia |
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81 | (1) |
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Red cell fragmentation syndromes |
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81 | (1) |
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Secondary hemolytic anemias |
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82 | (1) |
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (1) |
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Genetic Disorders of Hemoglobin |
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85 | (22) |
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85 | (15) |
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87 | (7) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (1) |
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β-Thalassemia with a dominant phenotype |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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X-Linked α-thalassemia and mental retardation syndrome |
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99 | (1) |
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The structural hemoglobin variants |
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100 | (7) |
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100 | (5) |
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Other structural hemoglobin defects |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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Aplastic, Dyserythropoietic and Secondary Anemias |
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107 | (10) |
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107 | (4) |
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Congenital aplastic anemia |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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Congenital dyserythropoietic anemias |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (3) |
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Benign Disorders of Leukocytes |
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117 | (22) |
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Hereditary variation in white cell morphology |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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Alder's (Alder--Reilly) anomaly |
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118 | (1) |
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Mucopolysaccharidoses VI and VII |
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118 | (1) |
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Other cause of lymphocyte vacuolation |
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118 | (1) |
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Disorders of phagocytic function |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (2) |
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Neutrophil leucocytosis (neutrophilia) |
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118 | (2) |
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Eosinophil leucocytosis (eosinophilia) |
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120 | (1) |
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Monocytosis and basophil leucocytosis |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Leucoerythroblastic reaction |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (3) |
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122 | (1) |
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Shwachman-Diamond syndrome |
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122 | (1) |
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Clinical and bone marrow findings |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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Histiocytic proliferations |
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124 | (2) |
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Lengerhan cell histiocytosis |
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124 | (1) |
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis |
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125 | (1) |
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Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (5) |
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126 | (4) |
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130 | (1) |
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Primary immunodeficiency disorders |
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131 | (2) |
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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
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133 | (5) |
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Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (28) |
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140 | (5) |
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Microscopical appearances |
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145 | (7) |
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145 | (5) |
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
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150 | (2) |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (4) |
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158 | (1) |
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Congenital acute leukemia |
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158 | (1) |
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Acute leukemia and Down syndrome |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (4) |
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162 | (2) |
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164 | (2) |
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164 | (1) |
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (1) |
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Chronic Myeloid Leukemias and Myelodysplasia |
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167 | (10) |
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167 | (5) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (2) |
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Philadelphia-negative-chronic myeloid leukemia |
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171 | (1) |
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Myelodysplastic syndromes |
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172 | (4) |
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Monosomy 7 syndrome of childhood |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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Chronic lymphoid Leukemias |
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177 | (14) |
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177 | (1) |
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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia |
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177 | (5) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: mixed cell types |
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181 | (1) |
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Richter's syndrome (immunoblastic transformation) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (2) |
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Hairy cell leukemia variant |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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Leukemia--lymphoma syndromes |
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185 | (2) |
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Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes |
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185 | (1) |
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Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma |
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186 | (1) |
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Follicular lymphoma in leukemia phase |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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Large granular lymphocytic leukemia (chronic T-cell lymphocytosis) |
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187 | (1) |
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T-Cell prolymphocytic leukemia |
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187 | (1) |
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Adult T-cell leukemia--lymphoma |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (56) |
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191 | (17) |
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191 | (1) |
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Georgraphic variation, viruses, chromosomes and oncogenes |
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191 | (1) |
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Clinical features and diagnosis |
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192 | (4) |
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196 | (9) |
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Classification of lymphoma |
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205 | (1) |
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The Revised European--American Lymphoma (REAL) and World Health Organization [ WHO] schemes |
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205 | (3) |
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The World Health Organization classification |
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208 | (1) |
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B Cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
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208 | (7) |
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Precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia |
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208 | (1) |
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Small lymphocytic lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
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208 | (1) |
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Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (immunocytoma) |
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208 | (2) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (2) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Diffuse large B cell lymphoma |
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213 | (1) |
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Plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma |
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214 | (1) |
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Rare and provisional B cell entities |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (6) |
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Precursor T cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma and/or leukemia |
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215 | (1) |
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Chronic T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
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215 | (1) |
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Large granular lymphocytic leukemia |
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215 | (1) |
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Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome |
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215 | (1) |
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Peripheral T cell lymphoma, unspecified |
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216 | (2) |
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T/NK nasal-type (angiocentric) lymphoma |
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218 | (1) |
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Intestinal- and/or enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma |
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218 | (2) |
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Other peripheral T cell lymphomas |
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220 | (1) |
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Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy |
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220 | (1) |
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Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma |
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220 | (1) |
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Anaplastic large cell lymphoma |
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220 | (1) |
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Treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
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221 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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Burkitt's lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma |
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222 | (1) |
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Histological grading and prognostic markers |
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222 | (1) |
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Unclassified and reactive lymphoproliferative disorders |
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222 | (1) |
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True histiocytic lymphomas and other histiocytic proliferations |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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Hodgkin lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease) |
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223 | (10) |
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Presentation and evolution |
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223 | (4) |
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Classification of Hodgkin lymphoma |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (3) |
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232 | (1) |
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Myeloma and Related Conditions |
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233 | (7) |
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233 | (5) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (2) |
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Solitary plasmacytoma of bone |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia |
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242 | (2) |
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Other causes of serum M-proteins |
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244 | (3) |
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Benign monoclonal gammopathy |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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Non-Leukemic Myeloproliferative Disorders |
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247 | (12) |
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247 | (3) |
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250 | (4) |
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Essential thrombocythemia |
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254 | (3) |
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Leukemic transformation of polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Stem Cell Transplantation |
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259 | (8) |
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Steam cell transplantation |
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259 | (2) |
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Low intensity conditioning (LIC)-transplants |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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Complications of stem cell transplants |
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261 | (6) |
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Graft-versus-host disease |
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264 | (3) |
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Vascular and Platelet Bleeding Disorders |
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267 | (12) |
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Hemostasis and bleeding disorders |
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267 | (1) |
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Vascular bleeding disorders |
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268 | (4) |
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Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Purpura associated with abnormal proteins |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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Pupura associated with infection |
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270 | (2) |
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Platelet bleeding disorders |
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272 | (7) |
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272 | (4) |
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Disorders of platelet function |
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276 | (3) |
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279 | (18) |
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279 | (1) |
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Hereditary coagulation disorders |
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279 | (8) |
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279 | (5) |
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Carrier detection and diagnosis |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (3) |
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Other hereditary coagulation disorders |
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287 | (1) |
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Acquired coagulation disorders |
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287 | (3) |
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|
287 | (1) |
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Overdosage with anticoagulants |
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287 | (1) |
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
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288 | (1) |
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Acquired coagulation factor inhibitor |
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288 | (2) |
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290 | (2) |
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Inherited thrombotic disorders |
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|
290 | (2) |
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Acquired thrombotic risk factors |
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|
292 | (1) |
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Diagnosis of venous thrombosis |
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|
292 | (2) |
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294 | (3) |
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|
294 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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|
294 | (2) |
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296 | (1) |
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Bone Marrow in Non-Hemopoietic Diseases |
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|
297 | (16) |
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|
297 | (3) |
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300 | (1) |
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|
300 | (2) |
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|
300 | (2) |
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302 | (1) |
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|
302 | (1) |
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Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) |
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302 | (1) |
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303 | (1) |
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Lysosomal storage diseases |
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|
303 | (4) |
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|
303 | (3) |
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306 | (1) |
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Sea-blue histiocyte syndrome |
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|
306 | (1) |
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|
307 | (1) |
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|
307 | (1) |
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Osteopetrosis (Albers--Schonberg or marble bone disease) |
|
|
307 | (1) |
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|
308 | (2) |
|
Renal asteodystrophy and osteomalacia |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans) |
|
|
310 | (1) |
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|
|
311 | (1) |
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
Parasitic Infections Diagnosed in Blood |
|
|
313 | (8) |
|
|
|
313 | (4) |
|
Effect of malaria on various organs |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Comparative methods for malaria diagnosis |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
|
|
317 | (1) |
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|
|
318 | (1) |
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|
318 | (1) |
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|
318 | (1) |
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|
319 | (1) |
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|
320 | (1) |
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|
321 | (14) |
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|
321 | (5) |
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|
|
321 | (1) |
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|
322 | (1) |
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|
|
322 | (1) |
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|
322 | (1) |
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Blood grouping and cross-matching |
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|
323 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Clinical blood transfusion |
|
|
324 | (2) |
|
Complications of blood transfusions |
|
|
326 | (2) |
|
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
326 | (2) |
|
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
Transfusion-related acute lung injury |
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
Graft-versus-host disease |
|
|
328 | (1) |
|
|
|
328 | (2) |
|
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
Human leucocyte antigen system |
|
|
330 | (2) |
|
Human leucocyte antigen nomenclature |
|
|
330 | (2) |
|
Typing of human leucocyte antigens |
|
|
332 | (1) |
|
Other human leucocyte antigens |
|
|
332 | (3) |
| Appendix 1 |
|
335 | (4) |
| Appendix 2 |
|
339 | (1) |
| Index |
|
340 | |
