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El. knyga: Comfort and Perception in Architecture

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Comfort and Perception in ArchitectureDidesnis paveikslėlis
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This book discusses the design of comfortable buildings and shows that design perception and, as a result, comfort should be an intentional feature of architectural design. Modern buildings are often sealed boxes without operable windows or daylighting design. However, contemporary designers increasingly find themselves faced with the task of creating spaces that are comfortable in terms of thermal and visual aspects.

1 Introduction
1(8)
1.1 An Example-Based Case for Comfortable Buildings
2(5)
1.1.1 Visual and Thermal Discomfort in a Cambridge, MA Higher Education Building
2(2)
1.1.2 Disability Glare at an Air Traffic Control Tower
4(1)
1.1.3 Visual Discomfort in Singaporean Office Buildings
5(2)
1.2 Exploring Comfort in Architectural Design
7(1)
1.3 Writing Conventions
7(2)
2 History of Thermal Comfort Standards
9(38)
2.1 Early Heating and Air Conditioning for Comfort
9(4)
2.2 Explicit Comfort Metrics and the Effective Temperature Era
13(7)
2.3 Narrowing Definitions of Comfort and ASHRAE Standard 55
20(3)
2.4 Predicted Mean Vote
23(2)
2.5 Physiological Basis for Thermal Neutrality (Comfort) Research
25(3)
2.6 Refining Understanding and Nuances of Thermal Comfort
28(1)
2.7 Focus on Real-World Conditions and Behavioral Adaptation
29(3)
2.8 Adaptive Thermal Comfort
32(5)
2.9 Recent Comfort Standard Updates
37(1)
2.10 Research Assessment of Contemporary Thermal Standards
38(2)
References
40(7)
3 History of Visual Comfort Standards
47(32)
3.1 Early Definitions and Applications of Glare
47(8)
3.2 IES Glare Index---A First Standard and Its Detractors
55(3)
3.3 Glare from Large Sources and New Methodological Concerns
58(2)
3.4 IESNA Visual Comfort Probability
60(1)
3.5 CIE Glare Index
61(3)
3.6 Unified Glare Rating
64(1)
3.7 Predicted Glare Sensation Vote
65(2)
3.8 Approaching Contemporary Discomfort Glare---Daylight Glare Probability
67(4)
3.9 Until the Present---Changes and Challenges to DGP
71(2)
3.9.1 Influence of View
71(1)
3.9.2 Influence of Light Level Ranges
71(1)
3.9.3 Influence of Personal Factors
72(1)
3.9.4 Influence of Time of Day
72(1)
3.9.5 Changes to DGP Calculations and Evaluation
72(1)
References
73(6)
4 Performance-Driven Design Workflows
79(28)
4.1 Spatial Visualizations: Daylight, Ventilation, and Adaptive Thermal Comfort
79(12)
4.1.1 Metrics
80(1)
4.1.2 Recife Housing
81(1)
4.1.3 Prosser House
82(1)
4.1.4 Buderim House
82(1)
4.1.5 Cubic House
83(7)
4.1.6 Altolar
90(1)
4.1.7 Social Housing
90(1)
4.1.8 DCM Apartments
90(1)
4.2 Annual Performance Analysis: Visual and Thermal Discomfort
91(6)
4.3 Further Dynamics: Shades, HVAC
97(6)
References
103(4)
5 Comfort in Design and Design Education
107
5.1 Current Workflows, Tools, Standards
107(1)
5.2 Challenges for Practice
108(2)
5.3 A Practical Step for Practice and Education: Post-occupancy Evaluation
110(1)
5.4 Future Thoughts
111(2)
References
113
Dr. Alstan Jakubiec is an assistant professor at the University of Toronto where he focuses his efforts on the design of buildings and cities with emphases on human comfort, performance simulation, and low-energy design strategies. He believes that through data-driven processes, designers can create comfortable built environments that will support social interaction, require less energy, and last longer before being razed. Alstan co-created the popular DIVA tool for calculating the daylighting and energy performance of buildings and cities and actively develops new software tools as part of his research.

Before joining the University of Toronto, Alstan taught sustainable design to the first four graduating classes at the Singapore University of Technology and Design. He also co-founded Mapdwell, a technology company dedicated to providing information to homeowners about the renewable energy potential of their rooftops. Alstan holds Bachelors (Georgia Tech) and Masters (University of Pennsylvania) degrees in architecture and a PhD in Building Technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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