Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications Third Edition 2020 [Kietas viršelis]

,
  • Formatas: Hardback, 613 pages, aukštis x plotis: 279x210 mm, weight: 1987 g, 233 Illustrations, color; 127 Illustrations, black and white; XXXI, 613 p. 360 illus., 233 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 08-Jul-2020
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • ISBN-10: 3030395324
  • ISBN-13: 9783030395322
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications Third Edition 2020Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 613 pages, aukštis x plotis: 279x210 mm, weight: 1987 g, 233 Illustrations, color; 127 Illustrations, black and white; XXXI, 613 p. 360 illus., 233 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 08-Jul-2020
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • ISBN-10: 3030395324
  • ISBN-13: 9783030395322
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9783030395322.html
This book provides a thorough, up-to-date examination of conservation biology and the many supporting disciplines that comprise conservation science. In this, the Third Edition of the highly successful Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications, the authors address their interdisciplinary topic as it must now be practiced and perceived in the modern world. 

 Beginning with a concise review of the history of conservation, the authors go on to explore the interplay of conservation with genetics, demography, habitat and landscape, aquatic environments, and ecosystem management, and the relationship of all these disciplines to ethics, economics, law, and policy. An entirely new chapter, The Anthropocene: Conservation in a Human-Dominated Nature, breaks new ground in its exploration of how conservation can be practiced in anthropogenic biomes, novel ecosystems, and urban habitats. The Third Edition includes the popular Points of Engagement discussion questions used in earlier editions, and adds a new feature: Information Boxes, which briefly recap specific case histories described in the text. A concluding chapter offers insight into how to become a conservation professional, in both traditional and non-traditional roles.

 

The authors, Fred Van Dyke and Rachel Lamb, draw on their expertise as field biologists, wildlife managers, consultants to government and industry, and scholars of environmental law, policy, and advocacy, as well as their many years of effective teaching experience. Informed by practical knowledge and acquired skills, the authors have created a work of exceptional clarity and readability which encompasses both systemic foundations as well as contemporary developments in the field. Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications will be of invaluable benefit to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to working conservation scientists and managers. 

This is an amazing resource for students, faculty, and practitioners both new and experienced to the field.

Diane Debinski, PhD

 

 

Unexcelled wisdom for living at home on Wonderland Earth, the planet with promise, destined for abundant life. Holmes Rolston, PhD

 

 

Van Dyke and Lamb have maintained the original texts emphasis on connecting classical ecological and environmental work with updated modern applications and lucid examples. But more importantly, the third edition contains much new material on the human side of conservation, including expanded treatments of policy, economics, and climate change.   Tim Van Deelen, PhD

 

 

Fred Van Dyke and Rachel Lamb break new ground in both the breadth and depth of their review and analysis of this crucially important and rapidly changing field. Any student or other reader wishing to have acomprehensive overview and understanding of the complexities of conservation biology need look no further this book is your starting point!

Simon N. Stuart, PhD

  

Anyone who teaches, talks or writes and works on Conservation Biology, needs this latest edition of Conservation Biology (Foundations, Concepts, Applications, 3rd edition) by Fred Van Dyke and Rachel L. Lamb. This will be useful to both beginners and experts as well. The authors included almost all important issues in relation to conservation biology. This is really an outstanding book.





Bidhan Chandra Das, Professor, Ecology Branch, Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
1 The History and Distinctions of Conservation Biology
1(34)
1.1 Perspectives for an Inquiry into Conservation Biology
1(2)
1.1.1 A Remarkable Meeting
1(1)
1.1.2 The Emergence of Conservation Biology as a Professional and Scientific Discipline
2(1)
1.2 The Origins of Conservation
3(8)
1.2.1 What Is "Conservation"?
3(1)
1.2.2 Ancient Traditions of Conservation
4(2)
1.2.3 Conservation as Expression of Privilege
6(1)
1.2.4 Conservation as Right Relationship with Nature - The Arcadian Vision
7(1)
1.2.5 Conservation as Knowledge - The Invitation to Study and Appreciate Nature
7(2)
1.2.6 Conservation as Preservation of Landscape - The Washburn Expedition Goes to Yellowstone
9(2)
1.3 Foundations and History of Conservation in the United States
11(5)
1.3.1 Conservation as Moral Mission - John Muir and Theodore Roosevelt
11(1)
1.3.2 Conservation as Utilitarian Purpose - Gifford Pinchot and Sustainable Yield
12(4)
1.4 Aldo Leopold and the Formation of the "Wilderness Ideal"
16(1)
1.5 The Emergence of Global Conservation
17(8)
1.5.1 Multilateral Treaties - The Beginnings of International Conservation Efforts
17(2)
1.5.2 Forums for International Conservation - The UN and the IUCN
19(2)
1.5.3 New Expressions of Resource Management, National Parks and Nature Preserves
21(1)
1.5.4 Conservation as Preservation of Culture and Livelihood - The Extractive Reserve
22(2)
1.5.5 Indigenous People, Integrated Development, and Conservation Concern
24(1)
1.6 Return to Start: What Is the Place of Conservation Biology in the World Conservation Effort?
25(8)
1.6.1 The Emergence of Conservation Biology from the Applied Sciences
25(3)
1.6.2 The Intellectual Inception of Conservation Biology
28(2)
1.6.3 A Time of Transition: Protecting Nature from People to Protecting Nature for People
30(3)
Literature Cited
33(2)
2 Biodiversity: Concept, Measurement, and Management
35(46)
2.1 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology
35(1)
2.2 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function
36(3)
2.3 Is Conservation Effort Saving Biodiversity?
39(5)
2.3.1 Conservation Governance - The IUCN and Global Biodiversity Conservation
39(1)
2.3.2 The Current Status of Species Biodiversity
40(2)
2.3.3 What Causes Biodiversity Loss?
42(2)
2.4 The Problem of Concept: What Is Biodiversity?
44(4)
2.4.1 A Conceptual Definition of Biodiversity
44(1)
2.4.2 Biodiversity and the Definition of Species
45(2)
2.4.3 The Species Concept in Conservation
47(1)
2.5 How Do We Measure the Earth's Biodiversity?
48(3)
2.5.1 What Biodiversity Measurements Tell Us
48(3)
2.5.2 Interrelationships of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Diversity
51(1)
2.6 Rarity and Diversity
51(6)
2.6.1 It is Common to be Rare
51(1)
2.6.2 Habitat Generalists Versus Habitat Specialists
52(1)
2.6.3 Large Populations Versus Small Populations
53(1)
2.6.4 Widespread Distribution Versus Restricted Distribution
54(3)
2.6.5 Conserving Endemic Species
57(1)
2.7 The Problem of Distribution: Where Is Biodiversity Found?
57(3)
2.7.1 Global Patterns of Biodiversity Distribution
57(2)
2.7.2 Identifying Key Biodiversity Areas - Conservation with Incomplete Data
59(1)
2.8 Preserving and Managing Biodiversity
60(8)
2.8.1 Past Approaches to Conservation Management: Conservation Legislation
60(1)
2.8.2 Protected Areas
61(1)
2.8.3 Biodiversity Conservation, Landscape Conservation, and Human Development
61(3)
2.8.4 Urban Biodiversity Conservation
64(1)
2.8.5 Biodiversity Technology: Finding Areas of Conservation Value Using Remotely Sensed Data
65(3)
2.8.6 Should Management of Biodiversity be Species-Based or Ecosystem-Based?
68(1)
2.9 Better Indicators for Biodiversity Conservation
68(2)
2.9.1 The Value of Taxon-specific Surrogates
68(1)
2.9.2 Can Taxon Surrogates Analyze Global Patterns of Biodiversity?
69(1)
2.10 How Do We Prioritize Areas for Biodiversity?
70(6)
2.10.1 Current Global Prioritization Strategies
70(3)
2.10.2 Developing More Advanced Integrated Global Conservation Strategies
73(1)
2.10.3 Management Approaches to Biodiversity at Landscape Levels
74(1)
2.10.4 Regional Biodiversity - Defining Functional Conservation Areas
75(1)
Literature Cited
76(5)
3 The Anthropocene: Conservation in a Human-Dominated Nature
81(44)
3.1 Dawn of the Anthropocene: Human Impacts Define a Geologic Epoch
81(7)
3.1.1 Scientists Cast a Vote
81(1)
3.1.2 The Broader Debate
82(2)
3.1.3 The Anthropogenic Biome
84(4)
3.2 Understanding and Managing the Novel Ecosystem
88(7)
3.2.1 Origins of Novel Ecological Associations
88(4)
3.2.2 Are Novel Ecosystems Good or Bad?
92(1)
3.2.3 Managing Anthropogenic Biomes and Novel Ecosystems
93(2)
3.3 The Ecology of Non-native and Invasive Species
95(11)
3.3.1 How Do Invasive Species Affect Existing Ecosystems and Create New Ones?
95(2)
3.3.2 How Humans Move Invasive Species
97(1)
3.3.3 Patterns and Characteristics of Successful Invasions and Invaders
98(1)
3.3.4 Understanding Invasive Processes
99(3)
3.3.5 Forming a "Theory of Invasion Biology" - Past Efforts
102(2)
3.3.6 State of the Art: Current Theories and Management Paradigms for Invasive Species
104(2)
3.4 Biodiversity Conservation in Urban Landscapes
106(11)
3.4.1 Growth of the Urban Landscape
106(1)
3.4.2 Understanding Cities as Ecological Systems
107(1)
3.4.3 Explaining Urban Ecological Responses: Traditional and Contemporary Approaches
108(1)
3.4.4 Biodiversity in Urban Landscapes
109(3)
3.4.5 Can Urban Areas Be Managed for Biodiversity Conservation?
112(1)
3.4.6 Changing Liability to Asset: Incorporating People into Urban Conservation
113(2)
3.4.7 How to Do It - Six Strategies for Conservation Practitioners in Urban Areas
115(2)
3.5 Whither the Anthropocene? What Strategy Creates a Place for Nature?
117(5)
3.5.1 The Emergence of "Neoprotectionism"
117(2)
3.5.2 Conservation as Human and Economic Development
119(1)
3.5.3 "Convivial" Conservation - Local Autonomy for Local Benefit
119(2)
3.5.4 Can Different Approaches Find Reconciliation or Resolution?
121(1)
Literature Cited
122(3)
4 Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change
125(46)
4.1 Climate and Climate Change
125(9)
4.1.1 Why Does Climate Change Threaten Biodiversity?
125(2)
4.1.2 What Is "Climate" and What Is "Climate Change"?
127(2)
4.1.3 How Is Contemporary Change Different from Past Climate Change?
129(1)
4.1.4 The Implications of Rapidly Rising C02
130(4)
4.2 The Global Fingerprint of Climate Change on Biodiversity
134(15)
4.2.1 Common Ecological Responses to Current Climate Change
134(2)
4.2.2 Phenological Changes and Mismatched Interactions Across Trophic Levels
136(3)
4.2.3 Observed Ranges Shifts and Changes to Local Abundance
139(3)
4.2.4 Increased Threat of Extinction
142(7)
4.3 Foundational Tools for Assessing Future Climate Impacts
149(9)
4.3.1 Integrated Vulnerability Assessments for Biodiversity
149(2)
4.3.2 The Bioclimate Envelope: The Correlative Approach to Modeling Climate Effects on Individual Species
151(3)
4.3.3 Dynamic Global Vegetation Models: Process-Based Approaches to Modeling Species Response to Climate
154(1)
4.3.4 Tracking Climate Velocity: Calculating the Pace of Climate Change
155(3)
4.3.5 Decision-Making with Imperfect Estimates of the Future
158(1)
4.4 Conservation Strategies in a Time of Climate Change
158(6)
4.4.1 Beyond Traditional Conservation Approaches
158(1)
4.4.2 Fine-and Coarse-Filter Strategies
159(5)
4.5 Policy Initiatives for Climate Change and Conservation
164(2)
Literature Cited
166(5)
5 Conservation Genetics
171(40)
5.1 Conservation Genetics and Conservation Biology
171(1)
5.2 Bottlenecks, Inbreeding, and Population Decline
172(2)
5.2.1 The Theoretical Foundation
172(1)
5.2.2 Of Bottlenecks and Bison
173(1)
5.3 Measuring Genetic Diversity in Populations
174(8)
5.3.1 Foundational Measures of Genetic Diversity
174(1)
5.3.2 Loss of Genetic Diversity over Time: Bottlenecks and Genetic Drift
175(2)
5.3.3 Genetic Drift and Effective Population Size
177(1)
5.3.4 Bottlenecks, Small Populations and Rare Alleles
178(1)
5.3.5 Measuring Genetic Change with Genetic Technology
179(3)
5.4 Solving the Problem of Inbreeding
182(4)
5.4.1 What Do We Mean by "Inbreeding" and How Would We Measure It?
182(2)
5.4.2 The Problem of Inbreeding Depression
184(1)
5.4.3 Measuring the Inbreeding Coefficient
185(1)
5.5 Can Inbreeding Cause Extinction?
186(2)
5.5.1 Experiments on Inbreeding
186(1)
5.5.2 Inbreeding in Wild Populations
186(2)
5.5.3 Outbreeding Depression
188(1)
5.6 Landscape Genetics and Habitat Fragmentation
188(2)
5.6.1 Habitat Fragmentation: A Genetic Threat to Large and Small Populations
188(1)
5.6.2 Landscape-Induced Genetic Differentiation
189(1)
5.7 Managing Genetic Diversity in Wild Populations
190(6)
5.7.1 Importing Genetic Diversity: Genetic Restoration of Inbred Populations
190(3)
5.7.2 Hybridization and Introgression: The Case of the Red Wolf
193(3)
5.8 Managing Genetic Diversity in Captive Populations
196(7)
5.8.1 Measuring the Cost of Adaptation to Captivity
196(1)
5.8.2 Managed Breeding: Mitigating Effects of Inbreeding in Captivity
197(1)
5.8.3 The Okapi: Analyzing Parameters of Captive Breeding Management
197(3)
5.8.4 Managing Captive Populations to Retain Genetic Diversity
200(3)
5.9 Applying Genetic Information in Conservation
203(4)
5.9.1 General Considerations
203(1)
5.9.2 Genetic Analysis Can Clarify Relatedness, Taxonomy, and Phylogeny
203(1)
5.9.3 Genetic Analysis Can Define Management Units of Fragmented Populations
203(1)
5.9.4 Genetic Analysis Can Determine Rates of Gene Flow Among Populations
204(1)
5.9.5 Genetic Analysis Can Expose Exploitation of Protected Species
205(2)
Appendix 5.1 A Summary of Mathematical Equations Used in Common Estimations of Genetic Diversity and Effective Population Size
207(1)
Literature Cited
207(4)
6 The Conservation of Populations: Theory, Analysis, Application
211(50)
6.1 Defining Populations and Population Processes
211(9)
6.1.1 What Is a Population?
211(1)
6.1.2 Population Demography
212(2)
6.1.3 Stochastic Perturbations - Density-Independent Factors of Population Growth
214(3)
6.1.4 Density Dependent Population Regulation
217(3)
6.2 Populations and Metapopulations: Complexities of Population Subdivision and Fragmentation
220(4)
6.2.1 Origins of Metapopulation Theory
220(1)
6.2.2 The Definition and Development of Metapopulation Concepts
221(2)
6.2.3 Does Metapopulation Theory Predict Behavior of Real Populations? The Case of the Growling Grass Frog
223(1)
6.3 Detecting Populations for Conservation Management
224(9)
6.3.1 The Problem of Detection
224(5)
6.3.2 Occupancy Theory and Modeling
229(1)
6.3.3 Developing Technology and Applications in Occupancy Modeling
230(3)
6.4 Minimum Viable Populations
233(7)
6.4.1 General Considerations
233(1)
6.4.2 Trend Analysis and Factor Resolution: Systematic Approaches for Identifying Causes of Population Decline and Strategies for Restoration
233(3)
6.4.3 Saving a Population from Extinction: The Case of the Black-Footed Ferret
236(4)
6.5 Population Viability Analysis
240(9)
6.5.1 Conceptual Foundations
240(2)
6.5.2 Developing a Conservation PVA - The Western Prairie Fringed Orchid
242(4)
6.5.3 Incorporating Stochasticity
246(1)
6.5.4 Evaluating Elasticity
247(1)
6.5.5 Applications for Animal Populations - Bonelli's Eagle in Western Europe
247(1)
6.5.6 Evaluating a PVA
247(2)
6.6 Applying PVA Results in Conservation Management
249(2)
6.7 From Population Viability Analysis to Population Viability Management
251(1)
6.8 The Problem of Recovery: Protecting Conservation - Reliant Species
252(5)
6.8.1 What Is a Conservation-Reliant Species?
252(1)
6.8.2 The Kirtland's Warbler: A "Success Story" of Conservation-Reliance
253(4)
Literature Cited
257(4)
7 The Conservation of Terrestrial Habitat and Landscape
261(46)
7.1 A Foundational Understanding of Habitat
261(5)
7.1.1 What Is Habitat?
261(1)
7.1.2 How Do We Measure Habitat Use?
262(4)
7.2 Heterogeneity, Landscape Gradients and Patch Dynamics
266(5)
7.2.1 Habitat Heterogeneity, Gradients, and Patchiness
266(1)
7.2.2 Habitats and Landscapes: Measuring Scales of Space and Time
267(1)
7.2.3 How Do We Predict Habitat Change?
268(3)
7.3 Dimensions of Destruction: Understanding Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, Isolation and Degradation
271(10)
7.3.1 Defining Our Terms
271(2)
7.3.2 Isolating Consequences of Habitat Fragmentation and Effects of Edge
273(1)
7.3.3 Habitat Alteration Through Effects of Edge: First Principles
274(1)
7.3.4 Environmental Characteristics of Edges
275(2)
7.3.5 What Lies Between? Managing Matrix Habitat
277(1)
7.3.6 Loss and Fragmentation: Experimental Isolation of Separate Effects
278(2)
7.3.7 A Larger Perspective: Long-Term Studies of Habitat Loss and Fragmentation
280(1)
7.4 Theories and Models of Loss and Fragmentation
281(8)
7.4.1 Neutral Landscape Models
281(1)
7.4.2 Percolation Theory: Defining the Critical Threshold of Fragmentation
282(2)
7.4.3 Can Percolation Theory Explain the Real World? Models and Field Studies
284(5)
7.5 Conservation Through Protected Areas
289(6)
7.5.1 Algorithms of Reserve Design
289(2)
7.5.2 GAP Analysis and Reserve Design
291(1)
7.5.3 Reserve Design and Habitat Suitability
291(1)
7.5.4 Determining Appropriate Reserve Size
292(3)
7.6 Preserving Habitats in Human-Modified Landscapes
295(7)
7.6.1 Intermediate Disturbance: Where Does Conservation Matter Most?
295(1)
7.6.2 Conservation in Agricultural and Commercially Forested Landscapes
295(3)
7.6.3 Mitigation in Forest Environments
298(1)
7.6.4 Mitigating Human Effects to Avoid Habitat Loss and Range Displacement: The Case of the Line Creek Elk
298(4)
Literature Cited
302(5)
8 The Conservation of Aquatic Systems
307(52)
8.1 Conservation Challenges of Aquatic Habitats
307(10)
8.1.1 Reservoirs of Global Biodiversity
307(1)
8.1.2 Basic Properties of Aquatic Environments
308(1)
8.1.3 Threats to Freshwater Ecosystems
309(2)
8.1.4 Chemical and Biological Degradation
311(1)
8.1.5 Dams, Levees, and Flood Plains: Flow, Impoundments, and Connectivity
312(1)
8.1.6 Consequences of Dams on Fish Biodiversity and Community Composition
313(3)
8.1.7 Dams as Barriers to Population Persistence and Reproduction
316(1)
8.2 Management of Freshwater Habitats for Conservation
317(2)
8.2.1 Managing Chemical and Physical Inputs to Aquatic Systems
317(1)
8.2.2 Lake Systems as Alternative Stable States
318(1)
8.3 Managing Freshwater Systems at Landscape Levels
319(3)
8.3.1 Protected Areas for Freshwater Systems
319(1)
8.3.2 Coarse-Filter Approaches for Regional Representation
320(2)
8.4 Wetlands, Pools and Ponds
322(6)
8.4.1 What Are Wetlands?
322(2)
8.4.2 Managing Wetlands for Conservation
324(1)
8.4.3 The Special Case of Forest Pools: Critical Elements for Amphibian Biodiversity
325(1)
8.4.4 Engagement of Legislators and Stakeholders in Forest Pool Conservation: A US Case History
326(1)
8.4.5 Big Impacts of Small Habitat: Pond Biodiversity
326(2)
8.5 Policies and Practices that Protect Freshwater Habitats
328(4)
8.5.1 Connecting Stakeholders, Scientists, and Policy Makers
328(1)
8.5.2 Forming an Issue-Driven Coalition: The Healthy Waterways Partnership
329(3)
8.6 Marine Habitats and Biodiversity
332(11)
8.6.1 Destruction of Benthic Environments
332(1)
8.6.2 Pollution in the Water Column
333(2)
8.6.3 Habitat Destruction in Shallow Water Environments - The Plight of Seagrass
335(2)
8.6.4 Habitat Destruction and Marine Biodiversity: Threats to Coral Reefs
337(3)
8.6.5 Rehabilitation Techniques for Coral Reefs
340(3)
8.7 Overexploitation of Marine Populations
343(6)
8.7.1 The Collapse of Marine Fisheries
343(3)
8.7.2 The Surplus-Yield Theory: Great Whales and Ecological Function
346(1)
8.7.3 Bycatch: The Preeminent Threat to Large Marine Vertebrates
347(2)
8.7.4 Reducing and Mitigating Effects of Bycatch
349(1)
8.8 Preserving Marine Habitats and Biodiversity through Protected Areas: The Marine Reserve
349(6)
8.8.1 Management Context, Goals and Strategies in Marine Reserves
349(1)
8.8.2 Protection at Ecosystem Levels: Australia's Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
350(1)
8.8.3 Co-management - Can Shared Authority Provide Better Conservation?
351(2)
8.8.4 Marine Protected Areas and Commercial Fisheries
353(2)
Literature Cited
355(4)
9 Conservation Through Ecosystem Management
359(52)
9.1 The Concept of Ecosystem Management
359(8)
9.1.1 Resource Management and Ecosystem Management
359(3)
9.1.2 How the Spotted Owl Started Ecosystem Management
362(2)
9.1.3 The Modern Context: EBM in Contemporary Conservation
364(3)
9.2 Shaping Decision-Making Processes in EBM
367(10)
9.2.1 Criteria that Define Ecosystem-Based Management
367(3)
9.2.2 The Role of Adaptive Management
370(3)
9.2.3 Evaluating Ecosystem-Based Management as a Performance-Based System
373(4)
9.3 Scientific Foundations of Ecosystem-Based Management
377(11)
9.3.1 The Problem of Location - Where Is the Ecosystem?
377(1)
9.3.2 Do Protected Areas Protect Ecosystems?
377(2)
9.3.3 Using Watersheds to Define Ecosystem Limits, Boundaries, and Processes
379(1)
9.3.4 Knowing the System - What Data Should Be Collected for EBM?
380(8)
9.4 Implementing Management Decisions - Tools of Ecosystem Management
388(8)
9.4.1 Ecosystem Modeling
388(3)
9.4.2 Managing Ecosystem Processes
391(2)
9.4.3 Managing Nature's Ecosystem Engineers: Herbivores and Herbivory
393(3)
9.5 Creating and Managing Governance Systems of Ecosystem-Based Management
396(12)
9.5.1 Managing Through Collaboration with Stakeholders
396(1)
9.5.2 Linking Interest with Identification: Australia's Tully-Murray Watershed
396(4)
9.5.3 Costs of Bad Governance: Managing Time from Recommendation to Action
400(2)
9.5.4 Creating a Working Framework for Ecosystem-Based Governance: The Case of the Great Barrier Reef
402(1)
9.5.5 Relational Governance: Managing Stakeholder Interactions by Building Trust
403(3)
9.5.6 Stakeholders as Managers: Ecosystem Management from the Bottom Up
406(2)
Literature Cited
408(3)
10 Values and Ethics in Conservation
411(38)
10.1 Does Conservation Science Need Conservation Ethics?
411(3)
10.1.1 Conservation Biology - Regulatory Science or Value-Laden Mission?
411(1)
10.1.2 Value - Property of Nature or Product of Thought? Problems of Plastic Trees
412(2)
10.2 The Necessity of Value Judgments in Conservation
414(4)
10.2.1 Recognizing Management Actions as Value Judgments
414(1)
10.2.2 Values and Ethics - Foundational Definitions
415(2)
10.2.3 How Values Inform Management
417(1)
10.3 How Do We Categorize Conservation Values?
418(3)
10.3.1 An Overview of Value Categories
418(1)
10.3.2 Instrumental Values
418(3)
10.4 Moral Value: Assigning Intrinsic Values in Conservation
421(7)
10.4.1 Where Does Intrinsic Value Reside?
421(1)
10.4.2 Establishing Intrinsic Value Through Moral Extensionism
422(6)
10.5 Conservation Value and Practice in Religious Traditions
428(8)
10.5.1 Intrinsic Value in the Judeo-Christian Tradition
428(1)
10.5.2 Beginning in the Middle - The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis
429(1)
10.5.3 Biblical Teaching and Application in Conservation
429(2)
10.5.4 Islamic Teaching on Conservation
431(1)
10.5.5 Conservation in Hinduism
431(1)
10.5.6 Conservation Teachings in Buddhism
432(1)
10.5.7 Indigenous Belief Systems in Conservation
433(3)
10.6 Practical Applications: Faith-Based Contributions to Conservation
436(9)
10.6.1 "Goal Rational" Versus "Value Rational" Conservation
436(1)
10.6.2 Jewish and Christian FBOs
437(1)
10.6.3 Laudato Si - Pope Francis's Call to Global Conservation
437(2)
10.6.4 Conservation FBOs in Islam
439(1)
10.6.5 Conservation Activism in Hinduism
440(1)
10.6.6 Conservation FBOs in Buddhism
440(1)
10.6.7 Future Roles and Contributions of FBOs in Global Conservation
441(1)
10.6.8 Saving the Cedars of Lebanon
441(4)
Literature Cited
445(4)
11 Conservation Economics and Sustainable Development
449(40)
11.1 The Role of Economics in Conservation
449(5)
11.1.1 Thinking Like an Economist
449(1)
11.1.2 Ecosystem Services
450(1)
11.1.3 Stock-Flow Resources and Fund-Service Resources
451(1)
11.1.4 Nonexcludable and Nonrival Goods
452(2)
11.2 Microeconomic Approaches to Conservation Dilemmas
454(2)
11.2.1 Fundamental Assumptions of Supply and Demand
454(1)
11.2.2 The Challenge of Externalities
455(1)
11.2.3 Cost Benefit Analysis
456(1)
11.3 Methods for Valuing Ecosystem Goods and Services
456(5)
11.3.1 Should We Price Nature?
456(1)
11.3.2 Revealed Preference Methods
457(3)
11.3.3 Stated Preference Methods
460(1)
11.4 The Role of Moderating Institutions
461(11)
11.4.1 Institutions from Economic Perspective
461(2)
11.4.2 Government-Market Interactions
463(4)
11.4.3 The Role of Property Rights in Conservation
467(5)
11.5 Ecological Economics
472(6)
11.5.1 Historical Challenges to Neoclassical Economics
472(1)
11.5.2 Characteristics of Ecological Economics
473(2)
11.5.3 Implications of Challenging Business-as-Usual
475(3)
11.6 Broader Linkages Between Economics and Development
478(6)
11.6.1 The Origins of Sustainable Development
478(1)
11.6.2 Integrated Conservation and Development
479(5)
Literature Cited
484(5)
12 The Legal Foundations of Conservation Biology
489(42)
12.1 Law and Policy as a Framework for Conservation
489(4)
12.1.1 Nexus Between Conservation Science and Policy
489(2)
12.1.2 Defining Terms: Legal Frameworks and Linkages to Policy
491(2)
12.2 Foundational Conservation Law in the United States
493(17)
12.2.1 Common Characteristics of Effective Conservation Law
493(1)
12.2.2 The US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
493(7)
12.2.3 The US Endangered Species Act (ESA)
500(10)
12.3 International Conservation Law
510(11)
12.3.1 Understanding Key Terms
510(2)
12.3.2 Stockholm: The Beginnings of Modern International Conservation Law
512(1)
12.3.3 Protection of Endangered Species: The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
513(2)
12.3.4 Combining Conservation and Development in International Agreements
515(3)
12.3.5 The Process of Creating and Enforcing International Conservation Law
518(3)
12.4 The Challenge of Interdependence on a Global Stage
521(6)
12.4.1 The Nature of Legal Interdependence Among Nation-States
521(1)
12.4.2 Case History t Tuna and Dolphins
522(1)
12.4.3 Case History U: Shrimp and Sea Turtles
523(1)
12.4.4 Case History III: Brazilian Biodiversity and Genetic Resources
524(1)
12.4.5 Outcomes and Future Prospects
525(2)
Literature Cited
527(4)
13 Conservation as Vocation
531(40)
13.1 Conservation as Vocation - First Steps
531(5)
13.1.1 Articulating Your Personal Mission in Conservation
531(1)
13.1.2 Foundational Elements of Conservation Education
532(1)
13.1.3 Making the Transition from Student to Colleague
533(3)
13.2 Reaching a Wider Audience
536(2)
13.2.1 A Professional Network of Contacts and References
536(1)
13.2.2 Conservation as a Social Process: Involvement in Professional Societies
537(1)
13.3 Graduate Education in Conservation Biology
538(2)
13.3.1 Independent Evaluation for Graduate School - The Graduate Record Exam
538(1)
13.3.2 Choosing a Program
539(1)
13.3.3 Choosing a Project, Graduate Professor and Mentor
540(1)
13.4 Innovative Educational Approaches
540(11)
13.4.1 The Need for Non-traditional Education
540(1)
13.4.2 An Intentionally Interdisciplinary Approach
541(1)
13.4.3 Intentionally Creative Thinking - New Paths Out of Old Ruts
542(1)
13.4.4 Interdisciplinary Study Through Program-Level Innovation
543(2)
13.4.5 Systemic Pathways to Creative Education
545(2)
13.4.6 Relational Skills in Conservation: Learning How to Lead
547(1)
13.4.7 A Career in Conservation Social Sciences
548(3)
13.5 Entering a Vocational Setting: How Do I Get a Job?
551(12)
13.5.1 Choose Courses for the Job, Not the Degree
551(4)
13.5.2 Choosing a Vocational Setting - Should I Take this Job?
555(1)
13.5.3 How Can I Excel in my Work and Nurture Professional Relationships?
556(1)
13.5.4 How Do I Overcome Barriers? Inclusion and Diversity in Conservation
557(3)
13.5.5 How Do I Learn to Recognize Opportunity?
560(3)
13.6 Becoming an Effective Advocate for Conservation
563(6)
13.6.1 Professional Expressions of Advocacy
563(1)
13.6.2 An Alternative View of Advocacy
563(1)
13.6.3 Examining Outcomes: Implications of Alternative Views of Advocacy
564(2)
13.6.4 Can Conservation Biologists Not Be Advocates for Conservation?
566(1)
13.6.5 Making Advocacy Intentional - Avoiding Inadvertent Advocacy
566(1)
13.6.6 Avoiding Conflicts of Interest in Advocacy
567(2)
Literature Cited
569(2)
Glossary 571(18)
Index 589
Fred Van Dyke is a conservation scientist, author, and consultant and former Executive Director of the Au Sable Institute, an environmental education and research organization located in northern Michigan, USA. Prior to his leadership of Au Sable, Fred served as Professor and Chair of the Biology Department at Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL, USA, and Director of Wheatons Environmental Studies Program. Fred received his Ph.D. in environmental and forest biology from the College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York-Syracuse. He has served as a wildlife biologist for the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, a scientific and management consultant to the US National Park Service, and a consultant to government agencies and private industry in conservation research and management. His studies of wildlife ecology, plant ecology, restoration ecology, fire ecology and plant and animal response to environmental disturbance have been published innumerous international scientific journals and books





Contact email: vandykefred400@gmail.com

Rachel L. Lamb is a University Flagship Fellow, Harvey Fellow, and PhD Candidate in Geographical Sciences at the University of Maryland, College Park (UMD). She also holds a Master of Public Policy and Master of Science in Sustainable Development and Conservation Biology from UMD. Rachel has worked for numerous agencies and organizations, including the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, A Rocha Peru, National Socio-Ecological Synthesis Research Center (SESYNC), Society for Conservation Biology, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Her current work focuses on the socio-economic applications of NASA Carbon Monitoring System products to advance climate-smart land-use with benefits for biodiversity. During the summers, she serves as a member of the faculty of the Au Sable Institute as an Assistant Professor, teaching courses in environmental law and policy as well as land use and resources policy. In 2015, Rachel was named a White House Champion of Change by the Obama Administration for her efforts in protecting our environment and communities from the effects of climate change.

Contact email: rachlamb@umd.edu