Controlling a New Migration World explores the factors that drive recent migration control policies and, in turn, sheds light on the unintended consequences of policies for the new character of migration. This book asks how we can account for the immigration policies of liberal states. Is the recent linkage between migration and security a rhetorical invention of elites or a reflection of changing migrant profiles? Are states' control policies effectively containing or only redirecting unwanted migration flows? This increasingly relevant issue will be of great use to anyone working in comparative politics, sociology and studying ethnicity or international migration, as well as professionals working in the migrant/asylum and public law fields.
List of illustrations viii List of contributors ix Series editors Preface x Acknowledgements xii Controlling a new migration world 1(28) Virginie Guiraudon Christian Joppke Flows and Policies 1(7) Control dilemmas 8(4) Policy responses 12(3) Security, crime, and migration 15(5) Changing migration patterns 20(1) Plan of the book 21(8) PART I Reforming migration control 29(68) De-nationalizing control: analyzing state responses to constraints on migration control 31(34) Virginie Guiraudon The de-nationalization of control: up, down, and out 34(8) De-nationalizing control: a principal-agent problem? 42(9) The consequences of delegation 51(5) Conclusion 56(9) Client politics or populism? Immigration reform in the United States 65(32) Gary P. Freeman Changing immigration law: the restrictionist impulse 68(5) Welfare reform and immigrants 73(2) Roll-backs and reconsiderations: the pro-immigrant counter-offensive 75(2) Expansionism redux? 77(4) Conclusion 81(16) PART II Linking migration and security 97(74) Personal security and state sovereignty in a uniting Europe 99(22) Rey Koslowski Introduction 99(1) The ``transfer of sovereignty and the politics of personal security 100(6) The migration-crime link 106(5) The politics of law enforcement and sovereignty in the context of enlargement 111(4) Conclusion 115(6) Migration and security 121(29) Didier Bigo Introduction: discourses on migration and security 121(1) The political games 122(3) The media games 125(2) The bureaucratic games 127(10) The blurring of the line between police and military activities 137(3) Convergence between academic games and linking migrants and security 140(10) Migrant as criminal: the judicial treatment of migrant criminality 150(21) Fabio Quassoli Crime cases regarding petty crimes and drug dealing 151(5) The profiles of foreign deviants through the analysis of the official data from the criminal court: crime cases from red-handed arrests 156(5) Judicial policies: defining the border between informal and criminal activities 161(2) Some theoretical conclusions 163(8) PART III New migration world 171(76) Gappy immigration controls, resourceful migrants, and pendel communities: East-West European travelers 173(27) Ewa Morawska Gappy immigration controls: macrostructural factors 174(5) ``Going around the system: E-W European migrants control-avoidance strategies 179(5) The ambiguous consequences of gappy immigration controls: host and home countries 184(6) Conclusion 190(10) Migration merchants: human smuggling from Ecuador and China to the United States 200(22) David Kyle Zai Liang Migration merchants: the embedded commodification of migration 201(2) The case of Azuay, Ecaudor 203(5) The case of Fujian, China 208(7) Comparing Azuay and Fujian 215(2) Conclusion 217(5) The unanticipated consequences of panopticon Europe: residence strategies of illegal immigrants 222(25) Godfried Engbersen Introduction 222(2) The utilisation of social capital 224(8) Residence marriage 232(3) The manipulation of personal identity 235(2) Operating strategically in the public space 237(2) Illegality as a master status 239(2) The unanticipated consequences of panopticon Europe 241(6) Index 247
Virgini e Guiraudon is permanent research fellow at the National Center for Scientific Research in France and the author of Les politiques d'immigration en Europe (2000). Christian Joppke is Professor of Sociology at the European University Institute, Florence; his book publications include Immigration and the Nation-State: the United States, Germany, and Great Britain (1999).
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