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El. knyga: Conversational structures of Alto Perene (Arawak) of Peru

(James Cook University), Assisted by
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Drawing on extensive fieldwork in the research community, the book is a focused exploration of discourse patterns of Alto Perené Arawak, with emphasis on conversational structures. The books methodological scaffold is based on proposals and insights from multiple research fields, such as comparative conversation analysis, sociology, interactional linguistics, documentary linguistics, anthropological linguistics, and prosodic typology. The interactional patterns of a small Arawak language of Peru are shown to share the common infrastructure reported in the organization of conversation across other languages and cultures. Yet the analysis demonstrates a variety of unique nuances in the organization of interactional behavior of Alto Perené Arawak participants. The peculiarities observed are attributed to the language-specific semiotic resources and participants orientation to the local cultural norms. The books structured examination of conversational data of a small indigenous language of South America is anticipated to be of utility to linguistic research on understudied non-Western languages.
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xv
Acknowledgements xvii
Abbreviations xix
Chapter 1 Preliminaries
1(30)
1.1 Objectives and significance
1(3)
1.2 Scope and organization
4(1)
1.3 Theoretical scaffolding
5(9)
1.3.1 Goffman
6(1)
1.3.2 Garfinkel
7(1)
1.3.3 Conversation analysis
8(3)
1.3.4 Linguistic tradition
11(1)
1.3.5 Ethnography of communication
12(2)
1.4 Methods and data
14(3)
1.5 Economic, political, and sociolinguistic background of the community
17(1)
1.6 Overview of Alto Perene grammatical practices
18(7)
1.6.1 Declarative grammar
19(1)
1.6.2 Interrogative grammar
19(2)
1.6.3 Imperative grammar
21(2)
1.6.4 Grammar of negative observations
23(2)
1.7 Summary
25(6)
Part I A macroperspective on discourse organization
Chapter 2 Linguistic resources used for coding participation roles
31(18)
2.1 Participation roles
31(1)
2.2 Person markers
32(6)
2.2.1 Coding of production and reception roles by person markers
32(2)
2.2.2 Slippage in the coding of production and reception roles
34(1)
2.2.3 Non-default interpretation of production roles
35(1)
2.2.4 Production roles in reported speech
36(2)
2.3 Indexation of production roles by demonstrative enclitics
38(1)
2.4 Production and reception roles in co-authored speech
39(1)
2.5 Reception roles in imprecations
40(2)
2.6 Reception roles in response cries
42(1)
2.7 Pragmatically marked practices of coding reception roles
43(3)
2.8 Reception roles in avoidance speech
46(1)
2.9 Summary
47(2)
Chapter 3 Linguistic resources used for coding membership categories
49(28)
3.1 Membership categories and category-bound activities
49(3)
3.2 Kin terms
52(8)
3.3 Social terms
60(4)
3.4 The activity of vashiventantsi shaming
64(10)
3.5 Summary
74(3)
Chapter 4 Organization of focused encounters
77(34)
4.1 Sequential organization
78(14)
4.1.1 kinkitsavaiporokitantsi `talk'
78(8)
4.1.2 apotoirintsi `gathering'
86(6)
4.2 Spatial organization
92(14)
4.2.1 kinkitsavaiporokitantsi `talk'
94(8)
4.2.2 apotoirintsi gathering'
102(4)
4.3 Summary
106(5)
Chapter 5 Nonverbal resources deployed by participants in interaction
111(60)
5.1 Production roles
111(40)
5.1.1 Gaze behavior
112(16)
5.1.2 Facial action
128(7)
5.1.3 Gestures
135(1)
5.1.3.1 Emblems
136(3)
5.1.3.2 Pointing gestures
139(9)
5.1.3.3 Depictive gestures
148(3)
5.2 Non-production roles
151(13)
5.2.1 Gaze behavior
151(5)
5.2.2 Facial action
156(2)
5.2.3 Gestures
158(6)
5.3 Summary
164(7)
Part II A microperspective on talk management
Chapter 6 Turn-taking
171(50)
6.1 Syntax
171(18)
6.1.1 Turn organization
173(1)
6.1.1.1 Turn unit structure
173(2)
6.1.1.2 Turn allocation
175(1)
6.1.1.3 Overlapping talk
176(4)
6.1.2 The role of recognizable syntactic schemata in early projections
180(5)
6.1.3 The role of prefixal verbal formatives in early projections
185(4)
6.2 Prosody
189(18)
6.2.1 Overview of intonation contours
189(4)
6.2.2 Main intonation contours
193(6)
6.2.3 Participants' orientation to intonation contours
199(2)
6.2.4 Participants' orientation to the boundary phenomena
201(6)
6.3 The role of cumulative cues in projections
207(9)
6.4 Summary
216(5)
Chapter 7 Repair
221(64)
7.1 Self-repair
221(34)
7.1.1 Syntax
222(1)
7.1.1.1 Self-repair operations
222(10)
7.1.1.2 Scope of self-repair
232(8)
7.1.1.3 Inventory and sequential placement of self-repair components
240(4)
7.1.2 Prosody of self-repair
244(7)
7.1.3 Bodily behavior
251(4)
7.2 Other-initiated repair
255(22)
7.2.1 Syntax
255(11)
7.2.2 Prosody of other-initiated repair
266(6)
7.2.3 Bodily behavior
272(5)
7.3 Summary
277(8)
Chapter 8 Epistemics
285(22)
8.1 "The morality of knowledge'
286(1)
8.2 K-plus agreements
287(1)
8.3 Overview of linguistic resources used in K-plus agreements
288(4)
8.4 Linguistic resources explicitly coding epistemic stance in K-plus agreements
292(12)
8.4.1 Construction ari "it is the case'+ declarative clause
293(2)
8.4.2 Stand-alone tokens of the verb ari `it is the case'
295(1)
8.4.3 Construction omapero `it is true'+ declarative clause and stand-alone tokens of omapero `it is true'
296(1)
8.4.4 Perception verb nakiro `as you can see'
297(2)
8.4.5 Other actions coded by the epistemically dependent verbs
299(5)
8.5 Summary
304(3)
Chapter 9 Language- and culture-specific shaping of interactional practices
307(16)
9.1 The generic organization of the interactional machinery
307(3)
9.2 Language- and culture-specific shaping of interactional practices
310(11)
9.2.1 Turn-taking and repair practices
311(2)
9.2.2 Resources used in coding participation structure
313(2)
9.2.3 Collateral effects of K-plus agreement practices
315(1)
9.2.4 Spillover of epistemically dependent resources
316(2)
9.2.5 Prosodic structure
318(2)
9.2.6 Organization of a single conversation
320(1)
9.3 Envoi
321(2)
References 323(18)
Index 341
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