Preface |
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xi | |
Notations |
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xvii | |
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1 | (1) |
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1.1 Fundamentals Of Nanoparticles |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Classification Of Nanoparticles |
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2 | (2) |
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1.3 Overview Of Application Of Nanoparticles |
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4 | (2) |
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1.4 Research On Nanoparticles |
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6 | (10) |
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1.4.1 Review on Nanoparticles Synthesis |
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6 | (4) |
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1.4.2 Review on Nanoparticles Stabilization and Application Characteristics |
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10 | (6) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (8) |
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18 | (7) |
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Chapter 2 Synthesis Methods |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (10) |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2.1.1 Ball Milling Method |
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26 | (2) |
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2.2.1.2 Lithography Method |
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28 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Liquid Phase Reaction Methods |
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28 | (1) |
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2.2.2.1 Solution Precipitation Method |
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28 | (1) |
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2.2.2.2 Chemical Reduction Method |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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2.2.2.4 Electrochemical Method |
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29 | (1) |
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2.2.2.5 Micro-Emulsion Method |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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2.2.2.7 BoilingFlask-3-Neck Method |
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30 | (1) |
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2.2.2.8 Microfluidic Reactor Method |
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30 | (1) |
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2.2.3 Vapor Phase Reaction Methods |
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31 | (1) |
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2.2.3.1 Wire Explosion Method |
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31 | (1) |
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2.2.3.2 Pulsed Laser Ablation Method |
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31 | (1) |
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2.2.3.3 Inert Gas Condensation Method |
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31 | (1) |
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2.2.3.4 Sputtering Method |
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32 | (1) |
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2.2.3.5 Chemical Vapor Condensation Method |
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32 | (1) |
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2.2.3.6 Submerged Arc Synthesis Method |
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32 | (1) |
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2.2.3.7 Combustion Flame Method |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2.3.8 Plasma Processing Method |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2.3.9 Aerosol Synthesis Method |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2.3.10 Spray Pyrolysis Method |
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34 | (1) |
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2.2.3.11 Solvated Metal Atom Dispersion Method |
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34 | (1) |
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2.2.3.12 Corona Discharge Micromachining--Electrical Discharge Micromachining (EDMM) Method |
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35 | (1) |
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2.3 Formulation Of Colloids |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (3) |
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36 | (3) |
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Chapter 3 Diagnostic Methods |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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3.2 Diagnostic Methods For Structural Characterization |
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40 | (5) |
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3.2.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) |
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40 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) |
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41 | (1) |
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3.2.3 Energy Dispersive Analysis by X-Rays (EDAX) |
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41 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) |
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42 | (1) |
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3.2.5 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) |
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43 | (1) |
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3.2.6 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) |
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44 | (1) |
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3.2.6.1 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy |
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44 | (1) |
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3.2.6.2 Atomic Force Microscopy |
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44 | (1) |
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3.3 Diagnostic Methods For Chemical Characterization |
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45 | (2) |
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3.3.1 UltraViolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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3.4 Diagnostic Methods For Application Characterization |
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47 | (8) |
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3.4.1 Ultrasonic Velocity Measurement |
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47 | (4) |
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3.4.2 Thermal and Electrical Conductivity Measurements |
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51 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Viscosity Measurement |
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52 | (3) |
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55 | (4) |
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56 | (3) |
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Chapter 4 A Novel Approach for Nanoparticles Synthesis--EDMM System |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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4.2 Non-Conventional Machining Processes |
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60 | (4) |
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4.3 Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) |
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64 | (4) |
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4.3.1 Salient Features of EDM |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (2) |
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4.4 Electrical Discharge Micromachining (EDMM) |
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68 | (2) |
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4.4.1 EDMM Approach for Nanoparticles Synthesis |
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70 | (1) |
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4.5 Prototype Edmm System |
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70 | (5) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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4.5.3 Pulse Generation and Control Module |
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74 | (1) |
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4.5.4 Tool Feed Control Module |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (4) |
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76 | (3) |
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Chapter 5 Synthesis, Characterization, and Application Suitability |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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5.2 Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles |
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80 | (2) |
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5.2.1 Experimental Parameters |
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80 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Experimental Procedure |
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80 | (2) |
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5.3 Structural Characterization Of Synthesized Nanoparticles |
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82 | (11) |
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5.3.1 Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles |
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82 | (1) |
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5.3.1.1 Size, Shape, and Distribution in Pure DI Water |
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82 | (3) |
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5.3.1.2 Size, Shape, and Distribution in DI Water + PVA Solution |
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85 | (2) |
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5.3.1.3 Size, Shape, and Distribution in DI Water + PEG Solution |
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87 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Colloidal Aluminium Nanoparticles |
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88 | (1) |
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5.3.2.1 Size, Shape, and Distribution in Pure DI Water |
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88 | (3) |
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5.3.2.2 Size, Shape, and Distribution in DI Water + PEG Solution |
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91 | (1) |
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5.3.2.3 Size, Shape, and Distribution in DI water + BG Solution |
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92 | (1) |
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5.3.2.4 Size, Shape, and Distribution in DI Water + ACG Solution |
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92 | (1) |
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5.4 Chemical Characterization Of Synthesized Nanoparticles |
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93 | (5) |
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5.4.1 Optical Absorption of Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles |
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93 | (3) |
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5.4.2 Optical Absorption of Colloidal Aluminium Nanoparticles |
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96 | (2) |
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5.5 Application Characterization Of Synthesized Nanoparticles |
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98 | (10) |
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5.5.1 Concentration Measurement of Colloidal Nanoparticles |
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98 | (2) |
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5.5.2 Thermal Conductivity Measurement |
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100 | (1) |
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5.5.2.1 Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles |
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100 | (2) |
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5.5.2.2 Colloidal Aluminium Nanoparticles |
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102 | (1) |
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5.5.3 Viscosity Measurement |
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103 | (1) |
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5.5.3.1 Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles |
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103 | (3) |
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5.5.3.2 Colloidal Aluminium Nanoparticles |
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106 | (2) |
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5.6 Heat Transfer Application Of Colloidal Suspensions |
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108 | (3) |
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5.7 Summary And Conclusions |
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111 | (2) |
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5.8 Scope For Future Work |
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113 | (2) |
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113 | (2) |
Index |
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115 | |