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El. knyga: COVID-19 and Health System Segregation in the US: Racial Health Disparities and Systemic Racism

  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Serija: SpringerBriefs in Public Health
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2021
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030887667
  • Formatas: EPUB+DRM
  • Serija: SpringerBriefs in Public Health
  • Išleidimo metai: 27-Nov-2021
  • Leidėjas: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030887667

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This book highlights and suggests remedies for the racial and ethnic health disparities confronting people of color amid COVID-19 in the United States. Racial and ethnic health disparities stem from social conditions, not from racial features, that are deeply grounded in systemic racism, operating through the White racial frame. Race and ethnicity are significant factors in any review of health inequity and health inequality. Hence, any realistic end to racial health disparities lies beyond the scope of the health system and health care. The book explores structuration theory, which examines the duality between agency and structure as a possibly potent pathway toward dismantling systemic racism, the White racial frame, and racialized social systems.

In particular, the author examines COVID-19 with a focus on the segregated health system of the US. The US health system operates on the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’, whereby the dominant group has access to quality health care and people of color have access to a lesser quality or zero health care. ‘Separation’ implies and enforces inferiority in health care. Through the evidence presented, the author demonstrates that racial and ethnic health disparities are even worse than COVID-19. As in the past, this contagion, like other viruses, will dissipate at some point, but the disparities will persist if the US legislative and economic engines do nothing. The author also raises consciousness to demand a national commission of inquiry on the disproportionate devastation wreaked on people of color in the US amid COVID-19. COVID-19 may be the signature event and an opportunity to trigger action to end racial and ethnic health disparities. 

Topics covered within the chapters include:

  • Introduction: Segregation of Health Care
  • Systemic Racism and the White Racial Frame
  • Dismantling Systemic Racism and Structuration Theory
  • COVID-19 and Health System Segregation in the US is a timely resource that should engage the academic community, economic and legislative policy makers, health system leaders, clinicians, and public policy administrators in departments of health. It also is a text that can be utilized in graduate programs in Medical Education, Global Public Health, Public Policy, Epidemiology, Race and Ethnic Relations, and Social Work.

    1 Introduction: Segregation of Health Care
    1(18)
    Racial Health Disparities
    1(7)
    Segregated Health System
    4(4)
    Poor Health Outcomes
    8(5)
    Life Expectancy
    10(1)
    Maternal Mortality
    10(1)
    Death Rate
    10(1)
    Cancer
    11(1)
    Cardiovascular Disease
    11(1)
    Black Women and Reproductive Health
    12(1)
    HIV/AIDS
    12(1)
    Discussion
    13(2)
    References
    15(4)
    2 Epidemiology of COVID-19
    19(26)
    Beginnings of COVID-19
    19(1)
    The China Experience
    20(1)
    Epidemiological Parameters on COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics
    21(3)
    Distribution of COVID-19 Deaths in the USA
    24(11)
    Mismanagement of the COVID-19 Pandemic
    35(4)
    References
    39(6)
    3 Systemic Racism and the White Racial Frame
    45(28)
    A Historical Overview
    45(4)
    Systemic Racism
    49(5)
    Why a Focus on COVID-19 Deaths?
    54(3)
    Purpose of Study
    57(1)
    Studies on Racial Health Disparities Amid COVID-19
    57(5)
    Selected Literature
    57(5)
    Methods
    62(4)
    Study Design
    62(1)
    Data Collection
    63(1)
    Dependent Variable
    63(1)
    Independent Variables
    64(1)
    Metropolitan Counties
    65(1)
    Nonmetropolitan Counties
    65(1)
    Research Questions
    65(1)
    Statistical Measures
    66(1)
    Ethics Approval
    66(1)
    References
    66(7)
    4 COVID-19 Deaths
    73(28)
    Urban-Rural Counties as Independent Risk Factors for COVID-19 Deaths
    75(1)
    Nationwide Urban-Rural Counties and COVID-19 Deaths
    76(1)
    Fourteen States: Urban-Rural Counties and COVID-19 Deaths
    77(4)
    Five States: Urban-Rural Counties and COVID-19 Deaths
    81(2)
    Discussion
    83(14)
    References
    97(4)
    5 Dismantling Systemic Racism and Structuration Theory
    101(18)
    In Pursuit of Systemic Solutions
    104(5)
    Structuration Theory: Agency and Structure
    109(5)
    The Duality of Structure: White Racial Frame
    110(1)
    The Duality of Structure: The Black Resistance
    111(1)
    Structuration Theory Informing the Chauvin Case
    112(2)
    References
    114(5)
    Index 119
    Prem Misir, PhD is Former Vice-Chancellor, The University of Fiji; Former Pro Vice-Chancellor, Solomon Islands Campus and Professor and Head, School of Public Health, The University of the South Pacific. Professor Misir also was Dean, Centre for iTaukei Studies, The University of Fiji; Dean, Foundation Studies, The University of Fiji; and Dean, UniversityWide Program, The University of Fiji. Professor Misir is the holder of PhD (University of Hull, England); MPH (University of Manchester, England); MPhil (University of Surrey, England); B.S.Sc. (Honours) (Queens University of Belfast, United Kingdom); Fellow of the Royal Society for Public Health (FRSPH, England); and Certificate, Harvard University Improving Global Health: Focusing on Quality and Safety. Professor Misir was Visiting Professor at the University of the West Indies; Visiting Professor, Anton de Kom University ofSuriname; and Honorary Professor at the University of Central Lancashire in England. He was the former Pro-Chancellor of the University of Guyana. In addition to journal articles, he is the author of 11 books, the most recent being: HIV/AIDS and Adolescents: South Pacific and Caribbean, Singapore, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019; The Subaltern Indian Woman: Domination and Social Degradation, Singapore, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018; and HIV & AIDS: Knowledge and Stigma in Guyana, University of the West Indies Press, 2013.