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El. knyga: Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning: Offenders, Victims and Detection

  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 24-Jun-2017
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319591179
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Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning: Offenders, Victims and DetectionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 24-Jun-2017
  • Leidėjas: Springer International Publishing AG
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783319591179
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This book provides an overview of historical and contemporary cases of homicidal poisoning.  While homicidal poisoning is sometimes thought of as a thing of the past, it continues to be a contemporary problem, and in fact the unknown offender rate for poisoning cases is 20-30 times that of other homicide types in contemporary research, and many poisoners commit serial homicides while going undetected.The author of this important and timely work explores the theoretical bases for understanding homicidal poisoning, the nature of poisons used in homicidal cases, the characteristics of poisoners and their victims, and techniques for detection and prevention.This unique book will be of particular interest to: students of criminology (classes dealing with criminal psychology, and murder investigation); students of the history of crime; criminal justice professionals: attorneys, homicide detectives, forensic pathologists, forensic and clinical toxicologists, and other forensic investigators; and all interested in poisons, poisoners and the detection of poisoning. It has relevance to criminology, law and policing, toxicology and forensic science, the history of crime and detection, and criminal psychology.Endorsements:A most welcomed addition to the important subject of the criminal poisoner. The author has done a fantastic job of researching the world literature, and distilling it down for the reader.  The work is very well referenced, and provides critical information for law enforcement, forensic pathologists, and others, that could be dealing with the criminal poisoner.John H. Trestrail IIIToxicologistLos Lunas, New Mexico USADr Michael Farrell has produced a comprehensive and authoritative work on a most serious but often overlooked aspect of criminal assault - the act of poisoning. In the Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning, Farrell seamlessly weaves together the facts about poisons and their use as an instrument of homicide with the context of the larger issue of murder. By examining the poisoner and the victim, the reader is provided a depth of understanding about how a deadly outcome arose and why the choice was made to employ poison to get the grisly job done. With criminal homicide by poisoning making up a small percentage of known crimes, the danger of insufficient scholarly attention is present. Dr Michael Farrell makes a significant contribution to ensure against this potential. As a homicide researcher, I know Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning will join the works I turn to in understanding the nuances of the how and why of homicide.Dr Richard M. Hough, Sr., Criminology and Criminal Justice and Public Administration Program Coordinator, University of West Florida, USThis comprehensive text links forensic toxicology with criminology, making a solid contribution to both fields. Farrell not only describes how homicidal poisoning fits the most popular criminological theories for why people kill but also examines the nature and lethality of various poisons, identifies trends in poisoning, provides a history, and shows offender traits and victim characteristics. In addition, he discusses issues for investigators and prosecutors who will be taking a poisoning case to trial.Katherine Ramsland Professor of forensic psychology at DeSales University, PennsylvaniaPsychology Today
1 Introduction
1(10)
Preamble
1(1)
Towards a Criminology of Homicidal Poisoning
1(3)
Criminology
1(1)
Homicide
2(1)
Types of Homicide
3(1)
Motives
3(1)
Aims of the Book
4(1)
Scope of the Book
4(1)
Proposed Readers
5(1)
An Indication of Subsequent
Chapters
6(1)
Features of the Book
7(1)
Moving on
8(1)
References
8(3)
2 Instructive Poison Cases
11(16)
Introduction
11(1)
Roger and David Cooper, UK
11(2)
The Case
11(2)
Points of Special Interest
13(1)
Paul Marshall Curry, US
13(2)
The Case
13(2)
Points of Special Interest
15(1)
Dr. Harold Shipman, UK
15(2)
The Case
15(2)
Points of Special Interest
17(1)
Julia Lynn Turner, US
17(2)
The Case
17(2)
Points of Special Interest
19(1)
Lakvir Singh, UK
19(3)
The Case
19(2)
Points of Special Interest
21(1)
Kristin Rossum, US
22(1)
The Case
22(1)
Points of Special Interest
23(1)
Jessica Wongso. Australia and Indonesia
23(1)
The Case
23(1)
Points of Special Interest
24(1)
Conclusion
24(1)
Suggested Activity
25(1)
Reference
25(2)
3 Criminal Poisoning in Theory
27(20)
Theories and Explanations
27(1)
Biological Theories of Crime
27(2)
Heredity and Genetics
27(1)
Brain Glucose Metabolism
28(1)
Neurotransmitters
28(1)
Brain Anomalies---The Amygdala
29(1)
Psychological Theories of Crime
29(4)
Developments in a Freudian Tradition
29(1)
Differential Association Theory and Differential Reinforcement Theory
30(1)
Eysenck's Theory of Crime
31(1)
Cognitive Theories of Crime
32(1)
Sociological Theories of Crime
33(4)
Functionalism
33(1)
Anomie
33(1)
Control Theory
34(1)
Rational Choice Theory
34(1)
Routine Activities Theory
35(1)
Chicago School
35(1)
Radical Criminology and Left Realism
35(1)
Labelling Theory
36(1)
Sub Culture
36(1)
Feminism
37(1)
Theories of Crime in Relation to Poisoning Homicide
37(4)
Biological Theories of Crime in Relation to Poisoning Homicide
37(1)
Psychological Theories of Crime in Relation to Poisoning Homicide
38(2)
Sociological Theories of Crime in Relation to Poisoning Homicide
40(1)
Promising Theories for Poisoning Homicide
41(1)
Some `Types' of Poisoning
41(1)
Poisoning in General
41(1)
Serial Poisoning
42(1)
Team Poisoning
42(1)
Conclusion
42(1)
Suggested Activity
43(1)
Key Texts
43(1)
References
44(3)
4 Understanding Poisons
47(16)
Introduction
47(1)
Poisons and Poisoning in the Past
47(2)
Defining Poison
49(1)
Classifications of Poisons
50(1)
Ways of Describing Characteristics of Poisons
51(1)
Features of Less Detectable Poisons
52(1)
Poison Homicide and Other Homicides
53(1)
Administration of Poisons
53(1)
Action of Poisons
53(3)
Action on Enzymes
53(1)
Poisons Influencing the Nervous System
54(1)
Corrosives, Irritants and Narcotics
55(1)
Fatal Dose and How It Is Represented
56(1)
Acute and Chronic Poisoning
57(1)
Antidotes and Treatment for Poisoning
58(1)
Possible Trends in Poisoning
58(1)
Conclusion
59(1)
Suggested Activities
60(1)
Key Texts
60(1)
References
61(2)
5 Poisonous Plants, Animals, Bacteria, and Drugs
63(16)
Introduction
63(1)
Plant Poisons (Phytotoxins)
63(8)
Colchicum Seeds
63(1)
Atropine (Belladonna)
64(1)
Aconite
65(1)
Strychnine
65(1)
Opium and Morphine
66(2)
Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide and Prussic Acid
68(2)
Digitalis
70(1)
Nicotine
70(1)
Hyoscine
71(1)
Animal Poisons (Zootoxins)
71(2)
Cantharides
71(1)
Insulin
72(1)
Bacterial Poisons
73(1)
Bacteria and Bacterial Poisons
73(1)
Typhoid, Tuberculosis, and Diphtheria
73(1)
Drugs
74(2)
Fentanyl
74(1)
Methylphenobarbitone
74(1)
Seconal Sodium
75(1)
Succinylcholine Chloride
75(1)
Vecuronium Bromide
76(1)
Conclusion
76(1)
Suggested Activities
77(1)
Key Texts
77(1)
References
77(2)
6 Elements and `Other Poisons'
79(16)
Introduction
79(1)
Elements, Their Compounds and Derivatives
79(4)
Arsenic and Its Properties
79(2)
Arsenic Poisoners in North America
81(1)
Arsenic Poisoners in England and Ireland
82(1)
Arsenic Poisoners in France, Germany and Elsewhere
82(1)
Antimony and Tartar Emetic
83(1)
Copper and Copper Sulphate
84(1)
Phosphorus and Organic Phosphorus Compound
84(2)
Phosphorus
84(1)
Organic Phosphorus Compound E605 and Dichlorvos
85(1)
Lead
86(1)
Mercuric Chloride
86(1)
Thallium
87(1)
Potassium Chloride
88(1)
Sodium Chloride
88(1)
Other Poisons
89(1)
Carbon Monoxide
89(1)
Chloroform
90(1)
Acids
90(2)
Nitric Acid
91(1)
Hydrochloric Acid
91(1)
Paraquat
92(1)
Antifreeze
92(1)
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
93(1)
Conclusion
93(1)
Suggested Activities
93(1)
Key Texts
94(1)
References
94(1)
7 Poisoners and Their Characteristics
95(18)
Introduction
95(1)
Rowland's Twelve Cases
95(1)
Observations from Published Poisoning Cases
96(1)
Trestrail's Typology
96(1)
US Homicide Statistics
97(1)
US Poisoning Statistics
97(1)
Gender of Poisoners: Statistics
98(1)
Homicide in General
98(1)
Poison Homicide
98(1)
Gender of Poisoners: Illustrative Cases
99(1)
Age of Poisoners: Statistics
99(1)
Homicide in General
99(1)
Poison Homicide
100(1)
Age of Poisoners: Illustrative Cases
100(1)
Race of Poisoners: Statistics
100(1)
Homicides in General
100(1)
Poison Homicide
100(1)
Race of Poisoners: Illustrative Cases
101(1)
Occupation/Social Background of Poisoners: Illustrative Cases
101(2)
Medical and Related Occupations
101(1)
Other Occupations with Access to Poisons
102(1)
Domestic Service and Hospitality Occupations
102(1)
The Range of Occupations
103(1)
Multiple Homicides and Multiple Poison Homicides
103(1)
Multiple Homicides in General
103(1)
Multiple Poisoning
104(1)
Simultaneous Poisoning
104(1)
Serial Poisoning
105(1)
General Points
105(1)
Medical Serial Poisoners
105(1)
Other Serial Poisoners
106(1)
Theory: Serial Poisoning
106(1)
Team Poisoning
107(1)
Team Poisoners
107(1)
Theory---Team Poisoning
107(1)
Acute and Chronic Poisoning
108(1)
Distinguishing Acute and Chronic Poisoning
108(1)
Acute Poisoning
108(1)
Chronic Poisoning
108(1)
Theories of Poisoning in General
109(1)
Conclusion
110(1)
Suggested Activities
111(1)
Key Texts
111(1)
References
111(2)
8 Victims of Poisoning
113(18)
Introduction
113(1)
US Homicide Statistics
113(1)
US Poison Homicide Statistics
113(1)
Gender of Victim: Statistics
114(1)
Homicide in General
114(1)
Poison Homicide
114(1)
Gender of Victim: Illustrative Poisoning Cases
115(2)
Male-on-Male Poisoning
115(1)
Male-on-Female Poisoning
115(1)
Female on Male Poisoning
116(1)
Female-on-Female Poisoning
116(1)
Age of Victim: Statistics
117(1)
Homicide in General
117(1)
Poison Homicide
117(1)
Age of Victim: Illustrative Poisoning Cases
117(1)
Race of Victim: Statistics
118(1)
Homicide in General
118(1)
Poison Homicide
119(1)
Race of Victim: Illustrative Poisoning Cases
119(1)
Occupation/Social Class of Victim: Illustrative Poisoning Cases
119(1)
Offender-Victim Relationship: Statistics
120(1)
Homicide in General
120(1)
Poison Homicide
121(1)
Offender--Victim Relationship: Illustrative Poison Cases
121(3)
Actual and de Facto Family Relationships
121(1)
Lovers and Rivals
122(1)
Patient-Medic
123(1)
Other Relationships
123(1)
Stranger
123(1)
Location of Homicide: Statistics
124(1)
Homicide in General
124(1)
Poison Homicide
124(1)
Location of the Homicide: Illustrative Poison Cases
124(1)
Interaction of Characteristics, Relationship and Location
125(1)
Gathering Detailed Information on the Victim
126(1)
Victim's Recent Contacts
126(1)
Victim's Routines and Preferences
127(1)
Why Victimised?
127(1)
Conclusion
128(2)
Suggested Activities
130(1)
Key Texts
130(1)
References
130(1)
9 Detection and Its Avoidance in Poisoning Cases
131(16)
Introduction
131(1)
Cause of Illness and Death and Its Distortion
131(2)
Cause of Illness and Death
131(1)
Concealing Causes of Illness and Death
132(1)
Physical Evidence of Poison and Its Destruction or Contamination
133(1)
Detection of Physical Evidence
133(1)
Eliminating or Contaminating Physical Evidence
134(1)
Exhumation and Autopsy and Their Subversion
134(1)
Exhumation
134(1)
Avoiding Exhumation
135(2)
Autopsy
135(2)
Subverting Autopsy
137(1)
Forensic Testing and Its Evasion
137(1)
Modern Toxicology
137(1)
Evading Forensic Testing for Poisons
138(1)
Motives: Revealing Them and Hiding Them
138(3)
Revealing the Motives for Poison Murder
138(2)
Hiding Motive
140(1)
Knowledge, Access and Opportunity and Their Concealment
141(3)
Knowledge of Poison and Where Obtained
141(1)
Hiding Knowledge
142(1)
Restrictions on Access to Poisons
142(1)
Evading Restrictions on Access to Poisons
143(1)
Opportunity to Administer Poison
143(1)
Concealing Opportunity to Administer Poison
143(1)
Conclusion
144(1)
Suggested Activity
145(1)
Further Reading
145(1)
References
146(1)
10 Poisoners on Trial
147(16)
Introduction
147(1)
Towards the Trial
147(1)
Establishing that the Deceased Died from Poisoning
148(2)
Was Death Owing to Natural Causes?
148(1)
Where There Indications of Poisoning When the Deceased Was Dying?
149(1)
Is There Physical Evidence of the Suspected Poison Being Administered to the Deceased?
149(1)
Can It Be Established that the Accused Administered the Fatal Dose?
150(3)
The Accused Was not Present When Death Occurred
150(1)
The Accused Was not in Possession of the Implicated Poison
150(1)
The Accused Was in Possession of Poison but Had a Legitimate Reason
151(1)
Was Death Accidental?
151(1)
Was the Cause of Death Suicide?
152(1)
Can It Be Established that the Accused Both Administered the Poison and Intended to Kill the Victim?
153(1)
Did the Accused Administer the Poison but not Intend to Kill?
153(1)
Was the Accused Insane?
154(1)
Other Issues
154(5)
The Character of the Perpetrator
154(2)
The Role and Credibility of Witnesses
156(1)
Technical Evidence
156(1)
Circumstantial Evidence
157(1)
Motive
158(1)
Judge's Summing up and Comments Before Sentence
159(1)
Conclusion
160(1)
Suggested Activity
160(1)
Further Reading
160(1)
References
161(2)
11 Conclusion
163(10)
Preamble
163(1)
Illustrative Poisoning Cases
163(1)
Theories and Explanations
164(1)
Understanding Poisons and Their Use in Homicide
164(1)
Poisoners, Poisoning and General Homicide
165(1)
Victims of Poisoning and General Homicide
166(1)
Detection and Its Avoidance in Poisoning Cases
167(2)
Poisoners on Trial
169(1)
The Poisoner's Position
170(1)
Back to the Issue of Undetected Poisoning
171(1)
References
172(1)
Glossary of Poisonings 173(32)
Index 205
Dr. Michael Farrell was educated in the UK. After training as a teacher at Bishop Grosseteste College, Lincoln, and obtaining an honours degree from Nottingham University, he gained a M.A. in Education and Psychology from the Institute of Education, London University. Subsequently, he carried out research for an M.Phil. at the Institute of Psychiatry, London, and for a Ph.D. under the auspices of the Medical Research Council Cognitive Development Unit and London University.

Professionally, Michael Farrell held senior posts in schools and units for people with various mental disorders. He managed a UK-wide psychometric project for City University, London and directed a national initial teacher-training project for the UK Government Department of Education. For over a decade, he led teams inspecting mainstream and special schools and units (boarding, day, hospital, psychiatric). Currently, he works as a private consultant with a range of clients and has lectured or provided consultancy services in various countries including China, Japan, the Seychelles, Australia, Peru, Sweden, and the UK.

He has broadcast on the BBC World Service and on UK national radio and has written articles on crime and poisoning in a range of medical, police and legal journals. His many books are translated into European and Asian languages.
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