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Cryogenic Heat Transfer 2nd edition [Kietas viršelis]

(University of Wisconsin Madison, USA), (Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, USA)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 682 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1460 g, 115 Tables, black and white; 212 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 23-May-2016
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1482227444
  • ISBN-13: 9781482227444
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Cryogenic Heat Transfer 2nd editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 682 pages, aukštis x plotis: 254x178 mm, weight: 1460 g, 115 Tables, black and white; 212 Illustrations, black and white
  • Išleidimo metai: 23-May-2016
  • Leidėjas: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1482227444
  • ISBN-13: 9781482227444
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781482227444.html
Raktažodžiai:
Cryogenic Heat Transfer, Second Edition continues to address specific heat transfer problems that occur in the cryogenic temperature range where there are distinct differences from conventional heat transfer problems. This updated version examines the use of computer-aided design in cryogenic engineering and emphasizes commonly used computer programs to address modern cryogenic heat transfer problems. It introduces additional topics in cryogenic heat transfer that include latent heat expressions; lumped-capacity transient heat transfer; thermal stresses; Laplace transform solutions; oscillating flow heat transfer, and computer-aided heat exchanger design. It also includes new examples and homework problems throughout the book, and provides ample references for further study.

New in the Second Edition:











Expands on thermal properties at cryogenic temperatures to include latent heats and superfluid helium Develops the material on conduction heat transfer and divides it into four separate chapters to facilitate understanding of the separate features and computational techniques in conduction heat transfer Introduces EES (Engineering Equation Solver), a computer-aided design tool, and other computer applications such as Maple Describes special features of heat transfer at cryogenic temperatures such as analysis with variable thermal properties, heat transfer in the near-critical region, Kapitza conductance, and network analysis for free-molecular heat transfer Includes design procedures for cryogenic heat exchangers

Cryogenic Heat Transfer, Second Edition discusses the unique problems surrounding conduction heat transfer at cryogenic temperatures. This second edition incorporates various computational software methods, and provides expanded and updated topics, concepts, and applications throughout. The book is designed as a textbook for students interested in thermal problems occurring at cryogenic temperatures and also serves as reference on heat transfer material for practicing cryogenic engineers.

Recenzijos

"This is the best all-around heat transfer book I have seen as well as one that uniquely covers all areas important to cryogenics. The book has a very strong theoretical background behind the derivation of important heat transfer equations. It is well organized and easy to follow. The book contains many tables and graphs of material properties at cryogenic temperatures, which along with all of the analytical equations make this book an exceptionally useful reference work for students and experts alike. All researchers in cryogenics should have this book on their shelves."Ray Radebaugh, National Institute of Standards and Technology (retired)

Preface xi
Nomenclature xiii
Authors xxi
1 Introduction
1(54)
1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.2 Cryogenic Heat Transfer Applications
3(2)
1.3 Material Properties at Cryogenic Temperatures
5(32)
1.3.1 Computer-Generated Material Property Data
5(2)
1.3.2 Specific Heat
7(1)
1.3.2.1 Specific Heats of Gases
8(4)
1.3.2.2 Specific Heats of Liquids
12(2)
1.3.2.3 Specific Heats of Solids
14(9)
1.3.3 Thermal Conductivity
23(1)
1.3.3.1 Thermal Conductivity of Gases
24(4)
1.3.3.2 Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
28(1)
1.3.3.3 Thermal Conductivity of Solids
29(3)
1.3.4 Latent Heat
32(1)
1.3.4.1 Liquid Cryogens
33(1)
1.3.4.2 Solid Cryogens
34(3)
1.4 Cryogenic Insulations
37(18)
1.4.1 Expanded Closed-Cell Foams
37(3)
1.4.2 Gas-Filled Powders and Fibrous Materials
40(1)
1.4.3 Aerogel Insulation
41(1)
1.4.4 Evacuated Powders and Fibrous Materials
42(2)
1.4.5 Opacified Powder Insulations
44(1)
1.4.6 Microsphere Insulation
44(2)
1.4.7 Multilayer Insulations
46(5)
Problems
51(1)
References
52(3)
2 One-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction Heat Transfer
55(66)
2.1 Governing Equations
55(2)
2.2 One-Dimensional Steady-State Conduction
57(16)
2.3 Conduction in Composite Materials
73(7)
2.4 Thermal Contact Resistance
80(5)
2.5 Conduction in Extended Surfaces
85(11)
2.5.1 Fins with Constant Cross Section
85(5)
2.5.2 Other Fin Geometries
90(6)
2.6 Properties of Frost at Cryogenic Temperatures
96(3)
2.7 Numerical Analysis of One-Dimensional Conduction
99(6)
2.8 Thermal Stresses
105(16)
Problems
114(4)
References
118(3)
3 Lumped Capacity Transient Heat Transfer
121(28)
3.1 Lumped Thermal Capacity Model and the Biot Number
121(2)
3.2 Governing Equation for Lumped Thermal Capacity Model
123(4)
3.3 Lumped Thermal Capacity Model and the Thermal Lag
127(4)
3.4 Numerical Solutions
131(10)
3.4.1 Euler's Method
134(1)
3.4.2 Runge-Kutta Fourth-Order Method
135(3)
3.4.3 EES' Integral Command
138(3)
3.5 Cooldown of Objects with Coated Surfaces
141(8)
Problems
143(4)
References
147(2)
4 Two-Dimensional Steady-State Conduction
149(40)
4.1 Separation of Variables Solution
149(17)
4.1.1 Conditions for the Separation of Variables Method
149(1)
4.1.2 Two-Dimensional Steady-State Conduction Example
150(16)
4.2 Superposition
166(7)
4.3 Numerical Techniques
173(16)
Problems
184(4)
References
188(1)
5 Transient Conduction with Spatial Gradients
189(70)
5.1 Conduction Time Constant
189(3)
5.2 Separation of Variables Solution
192(24)
5.2.1 Cooldown of a Large Plate
192(6)
5.2.2 Solution at Large Fourier Number
198(1)
5.2.3 Heat Flux at the Plate Surface
199(1)
5.2.4 Total Energy Transferred
200(2)
5.2.5 Plate with Convection at the Surface
202(6)
5.2.6 Long Circular Cylinder
208(3)
5.2.7 Solid Sphere
211(5)
5.3 Laplace Transforms
216(13)
5.3.1 Laplace Transform Example
217(1)
5.3.2 Semi-Infinite Solid
218(6)
5.3.3 Semi-Infinite Solid with Convection at the Surface
224(5)
5.4 Numerical Techniques
229(12)
5.4.1 Explicit Formulation
229(4)
5.4.2 Implicit Formulation
233(8)
5.5 Cooldown of Cryogenic Fluid Storage Vessels
241(18)
Problems
248(8)
References
256(3)
6 Single-Phase Convection Heat Transfer
259(70)
6.1 Introduction
259(2)
6.2 Dimensionless Numbers
261(3)
6.3 Internal Forced Convection Flow
264(13)
6.3.1 Circular Tube
264(5)
6.3.2 EES' Internal Flow Library
269(4)
6.3.3 Noncircular Channels
273(4)
6.4 External Forced Convection Flow
277(14)
6.4.1 Flat Plate
277(2)
6.4.2 Sphere
279(4)
6.4.3 Single Cylinder
283(1)
6.4.4 Tube Bundles
283(8)
6.5 Free Convection
291(8)
6.5.1 Natural Convection over Plates
291(3)
6.5.2 Natural Convection over Spheres
294(2)
6.5.3 Natural Convection over Horizontal Cylinders
296(1)
6.5.4 Natural Convection in Enclosures
296(3)
6.6 Heat Transfer in the Near-Critical Region
299(8)
6.6.1 Properties in the Near-Critical Region
300(4)
6.6.2 Heat Transfer Correlations in the Near-Critical Region
304(3)
6.7 Kapitza Conductance
307(6)
6.8 Oscillating Flow Heat Transfer
313(16)
6.8.1 Oscillating Plate
314(4)
6.8.2 Oscillating Plate with Natural Convection
318(2)
6.8.3 Oscillating Flow in Tubes
320(2)
Problems
322(3)
References
325(4)
7 Two-Phase Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop
329(88)
7.1 Flow Regimes in Two-Phase Flow
329(6)
7.2 Pressure Drop in Two-Phase Flow
335(11)
7.2.1 Lockhart-Martinelli Correlation
335(8)
7.2.2 Homogeneous Flow Model
343(3)
7.3 Boiling Heat Transfer
346(19)
7.3.1 Boiling Curve
346(4)
7.3.2 Nucleate Pool Boiling
350(2)
7.3.3 Peak Nucleate Pool Boiling
352(2)
7.3.4 Pool Film Boiling
354(4)
7.3.5 Forced-Convection Boiling
358(7)
7.4 Condensation
365(23)
7.4.1 Condensation on a Vertical Surface
366(8)
7.4.2 Condensation on a Horizontal Surface
374(2)
7.4.3 Condensation outside Tubes
376(5)
7.4.4 Condensation inside Horizontal Tubes
381(7)
7.5 Freezing at Cryogenic Temperatures
388(13)
7.6 Solid-Liquid (Slush) Flow and Heat Transfer
401(16)
Problems
407(5)
References
412(5)
8 Radiation Heat Transfer
417(52)
8.1 Introduction
417(1)
8.2 Blackbody Radiation
418(4)
8.3 Thermal Radiation Properties
422(5)
8.4 Radiation Configuration Factor
427(15)
8.4.1 Differential Configuration Factors
427(4)
8.4.2 Configuration Factor Relationships
431(2)
8.4.3 Radiation Configuration Factors
433(4)
8.4.4 The Monte Carlo Technique
437(5)
8.5 Radiant Exchange between Two Gray Surfaces
442(3)
8.6 The Network Method for Enclosures
445(8)
8.6.1 Blackbody Enclosures
446(1)
8.6.2 Gray Body Enclosures
447(6)
8.7 Semi-Gray Surface Model
453(4)
8.8 Radiation from LNG Fires
457(12)
Problems
461(7)
References
468(1)
9 Free Molecular Flow
469(28)
9.1 Flow Regimes and the Knudsen Number
469(3)
9.2 Flow and Conductance in Vacuum Systems
472(7)
9.2.1 Conductance for a Circular Tube
472(2)
9.2.2 Combination of Conductances
474(2)
9.2.3 Conductance for a Rectangular Tube
476(1)
9.2.4 Conductance for an Annular Flow Passage
477(1)
9.2.5 Conductance for a 90° Elbow Fitting
477(2)
9.3 Free Molecular Heat Transfer
479(9)
9.3.1 Free Molecular Conduction Heat Transfer
479(4)
9.3.2 Free Molecular Convection Heat Transfer
483(5)
9.4 Free Molecular Heat Transfer in Enclosures
488(9)
Problems
493(2)
References
495(2)
10 Cryogenic Heat Exchangers
497(110)
10.1 Cryogenic Heat Exchanger Types
497(6)
10.1.1 Tubular Exchangers
497(2)
10.1.2 Giauque--Hampson Exchanger
499(1)
10.1.3 Plate-Fin Exchangers
500(2)
10.1.4 Perforated-Plate Exchangers
502(1)
10.1.5 Sintered Metal Powder Exchangers
502(1)
10.2 NTU-Effectiveness Design Method
503(9)
10.3 Heat Exchanger Factor of Safety
512(4)
10.4 Giauque--Hampson Heat Exchanger Design
516(14)
10.4.1 Problem Statement
516(2)
10.4.2 Mechanical Design
518(3)
10.4.3 Thermal Design
521(1)
10.4.3.1 Calculation of the Effectiveness
521(1)
10.4.3.2 Calculation of the Number of Transfer Units
522(1)
10.4.3.3 Outside (Cold) Heat Transfer Coefficient
523(2)
10.4.3.4 Inside (Hot) Heat Transfer Coefficient
525(2)
10.4.3.5 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
527(1)
10.4.4 Hydraulic Design
528(2)
10.5 Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Design
530(12)
10.5.1 Problem Statement
533(1)
10.5.2 Heat Exchanger Effectiveness
533(2)
10.5.3 Number of Transfer Units
535(1)
10.5.4 Free-Flow Area Estimation
535(2)
10.5.5 Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients
537(1)
10.5.6 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
538(1)
10.5.7 Heat Transfer Surface Area
539(1)
10.5.8 Pressure Drop
539(2)
10.5.9 Design Dimensions of the Heat Exchanger
541(1)
10.6 Perforated-Plate Exchanger Design
542(11)
10.6.1 Problem Statement
545(1)
10.6.2 Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients
546(2)
10.6.3 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
548(1)
10.6.4 Number of Transfer Units
549(1)
10.6.5 Heat Exchanger Effectiveness and Heat Transfer Rate
550(1)
10.6.6 Pressure Drop
551(2)
10.7 Effect of Variable Specific Heat
553(6)
10.8 Effect of Longitudinal Heat Conduction
559(8)
10.9 Effect of Heat Transfer from Ambient
567(6)
10.10 Regenerators
573(9)
10.10.1 Types of Regenerators
574(2)
10.10.2 Regenerator Matrix Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Correlations
576(6)
10.11 Regenerator Design
582(8)
10.12 Regenerator Design Example
590(17)
10.12.1 Problem Statement
590(1)
10.12.2 Calculation of the NTU
591(2)
10.12.3 Calculation of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients
593(1)
10.12.4 Heat Transfer Surface Area
594(1)
10.12.5 Recalculate the Matrix Capacity Rate Ratio
595(1)
10.12.6 Pressure Drop
596(1)
Problems
596(8)
References
604(3)
Appendix A Conversion Factors--Conventional Units to SI Units 607(2)
Appendix B Properties of Saturated Liquids (SI Units) 609(6)
Appendix C Properties of Saturated Vapors (SI Units) 615(6)
Appendix D Properties of Gases at 1 atm (SI Units) 621(8)
Appendix E Bessel Functions 629(14)
Appendix F Laplace Transforms 643(8)
Appendix G Getting Started with EES---Introduction 651
Randall F. Barron is professor emeritus of mechanical engineering at Louisiana Tech University in Ruston. He received his BS in mechanical engineering from Louisiana Tech University, his MS and PhD in mechanical engineering from The Ohio State University in Columbus. He is the author of three other college-level textbooks: Cryogenic Systems, Industrial Noise Control, and Design for Thermal Stresses. Dr. Barron has served on the Cryogenic Engineering Conference Board and the editorial board of Cold Facts (Cryogenic Society of America). He is also a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Gregory F. Nellis is professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He received his MS and PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and is a member of the Cryogenic Society of America (CSA) and the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Professor Nellis is the coauthor of two other college textbooks: Heat Transfer and Thermodynamics. He is a fellow of ASHRAE and received the Boom Award for excellence in cryogenic research.