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El. knyga: Current Aspects of Neutrino Physics

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  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Nov-2013
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662045978
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Current Aspects of Neutrino PhysicsDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Nov-2013
  • Leidėjas: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662045978
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This is a particularly exciting time for neutrino physics. Now providing the first experimental evidence for new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, neutrino studies are leading that larger field in new direc­ tions. As a probe for discovery, neutrinos are unique among particles. Being leptons, neutrinos are as far as one knows true elementary particles, but in addition they are unencumbered by charge, and of course they do not have complicating strong interactions. Their unusually small mass also points to their novelty and possibly to their providing a window onto very high energy scales. The emphasis for neutrino physics at this time is on their masses and mixing with each other, as well as on their basic nature and their role in the Universe. While they have been important tools for studying particle properties, such as structure functions and the nature of the weak interaction, at present this is not the thrust of most research and hence is not covered in this book. Rather, the topics are those currently of most interest at the frontier of particle physics.

Recenzijos

"...this book should be useful for a long time yet, both as a reference and a textbook, due to its comprehensive content, clear logic in ordering the material, and extremely good oversight of most aspects of neutrino physics."



--Cern Courier: International Journal of High Energy









 



"Without exception, articles are written in a fluent style, with excellent diagrams and comprehensive reference lists...there is sufficient fundamental material included that this will remain a valuable book for quite some time."



--The Physicist

Paulis Ghost: The Conception and Discovery of Neutrinos 1(16) Michael Riordan Detecting Neutrinos 4(2) Massless Neutrinos? 6(2) Two Kinds of Neutrinos 8(2) The Standard Model 10(1) The Third Family 11(3) Summary 14(3) References 15(2) The Nature of Massive Neutrinos 17(22) Boris Kayser Rabindra N. Mohapatra Introduction 17(1) Dirac and Majorana Masses for Neutrinos 18(6) Four-Component Notation 19(1) Two-Component Notation 20(4) Electromagnetic Properties of a Majorana Neutrino 24(1) Leptonic Mixing and Neutrino Oscillation 24(8) Leptonic Mixing 24(4) Neutrino Oscillation 28(4) Experimental Tests of the Majorana Nature of the Neutrino 32(1) Neutrino Decays 33(6) Radiative Neutrino Decays 33(2) Invisible Decays 35(2) References 37(2) Direct Measurements of Neutrino Mass 39(26) J. F. Wilkerson R. G. H. Robertson Introduction 39(1) Overview of Direct Measurements 40(2) Beta Decay and Electron Capture Measurements (ve) 42(17) Method of Measurement of the Beta Decay Endpoint 44(2) Tritium Beta Decay Experiments 46(1) Sensitivity to Shape Effects 47(4) Discussion of Tritium Beta Decay Results 51(3) Tritium Beta Decay Results from Toritsk and Mainz 54(2) Mass Sensitivity of Fixture Beta Decay Experiments 56(3) Particle Decay Measurements - vμ and vτ 59(2) vμ Mass Measurements 59(2) vτ Mass Measurements 61(1) Summary 61(4) References 62(3) Neutrino Oscillations and the Solar Neutrino Problem 65(24) W. C. Haxton Introduction 65(1) Open Questions in Neutrino Physics 65(2) The Standard Solar Model (0.4, 0.5) 67(2) Solar Neutrino Experiments and their Implications 69(4) Neutrino Oscillations 73(2) The Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein Mechanism (0.21) 75(10) Outlook 85(4) References 87(2) The Atmospheric Neutrino Anomaly: Muon Neutrino Disappearance 89(42) John G. Learned Introduction 89(5) Atmospheric Neutrinos 89(3) Initial Indications 92(2) The SuperKamiokande Revolution 94(26) Up-Down Asymmetry 97(2) Neutrino Flux Dependence Upon the Terrestrial Magnetic Field 99(1) Natural Parameters for Oscillations: L/E 99(3) Energy and Angle Variation 102(3) Muon Decay Events 105(1) Through-Going and Entering-Stopping Muons 105(2) The Muon Neutrinos Oscillation Partner 107(4) Subdominant Oscillations 111(2) Nonstandard Oscillations 113(1) Hypotheses to Explain the Anomaly 113(3) Results from Soudan II 116(1) Results from Macro 116(3) Combined Evidence 119(1) Long-Baseline Results 120(1) Implications 120(11) Astrophysics and Cosmology 121(1) The Theoretical Situation: Why So Important? 122(1) Future Muon Neutrino Experiments 123(4) Appendix 127(1) References 128(3) Studies of Neutrino Oscillations at Reactors 131(24) Felix Boehm Introduction 131(1) The Reactor Neutrino Spectrum 132(2) Oscillation Experiments 134(14) The ILL Grenoble and Goesgen Experiments 134(3) The Bugey Experiments 137(1) The Experiments at Rovno and Krasnoyarsk 138(1) The Long-Baseline Experiments at Palo Verde and Chooz 138(10) The KamLAND Experiment 148(1) The ve-d Experiment at Bugey 148(2) Neutrino Magnetic Moment 150(2) Conclusion 152(3) References 152(3) Studies of Neutrino Oscillations at Accelerators 155(22) David O. Caldwell Introduction 155(1) Motivations for the Experiments 156(1) Intermediate-Baseline vμ Experiments at High-Energy Accelerators 157(7) Short-Baseline vμ and vμ Experiments at Lower-Energy Accelerators 164(10) Conclusions 174(3) References 174(3) Double Beta Decay: Theory, Experiment and Implications 177(22) Petr Vogel Introduction 177(3) Lepton Number Violation 180(1) Particle Physics Aspects 181(3) Experimental Techniques and Results 184(3) Nuclear-Structure Aspects 187(5) Two-Neutrino Decay 187(2) Neutrinoless Decay: Light Majorana Neutrino 189(2) Neutrinoless Decay: Decay Heavy Majorana Neutrino 191(1) Prospects 192(2) Implications 194(2) Conclusions 196(3) References 197(2) Neutrino Mixing Schemes 199(18) V. Barger K. Whisnant Introduction 199(1) Two-Neutrino Analyses 199(3) Atmospheric Neutrinos 199(1) Solar Neutrinos 200(1) LSND 201(1) Global Analyses 202(4) Three-Neutrino Models 202(2) Four-Neutrino Models 204(2) Consequences for Masses and Mixings 206(4) Three-Neutrino Models 206(3) Four-Neutrino Models 209(1) Long-Baseline Experiments 210(1) Summary and Outlook 211(6) References 212(5) Theories of Neutrino Masses and Mixings 217(38) Rabindra N. Mohapatra Introduction 217(1) Experimental Indications of Neutrino Masses 218(2) Patterns and Textures for Neutrinos 220(9) Solar and Atmospheric Data and Neutrino Mass Patterns 222(3) Solar, Atmospheric and LSND Data and Scenarios with Sterile Neutrinos 225(4) Why Neutrino Mass Necessarily Means Physics Beyond the Standard Model 229(2) Scenarios for Small Neutrino Mass Without Right-Handed Neutrinos 231(4) Radiative Generation of Neutrino Masses 232(1) High-Mass Higgs Triplet and Induced Neutrino Masses 233(1) The Baryogenesis Problem in Models Without Right-Handed Neutrinos 234(1) The Seesaw Mechanism and Left-Right Symmetric Unification Models for Small Neutrino Masses 235(7) SO(10) Realization of the Seesaw Mechanism 239(3) Naturalness of Degenerate Neutrinos 242(1) Theoretical Understanding of the Sterile Neutrino 243(1) The E6 Model for the Sterile Neutrino 243(3) The Mirror Universe Model of the Sterile Neutrino 246(2) Conclusions and Outlook 248(7) References 249(6) Neutrino Flavor Transformation in Supernovae and the Early Universe 255(32) George M. Fuller Introduction 255(2) Matter-Enhanced Neutrino Conversion in Nonlinear Environments 257(8) Core Collapse Sapernovae 265(12) The Early Universe and Cosmology 277(10) References 283(4) Hot Dark Matter in Cosmology 287(22) Joel R. Primack Michael A. K. Gross Historical Summary 287(1) Hot, Warm and Cold Dark Matter 288(1) Galaxy Formation with HDM 289(5) Mass Constraints 289(2) Phase Space Constraint 291(1) Free Streaming 292(1) Problems with v DM 293(1) Cold plus Hot Dark Matter and Structure Formation; Ωm = 1 294(3) Evidence for Neutrino Mass from Oscillations 297(2) Cold plus Hot Dark Matter and Structure Formation: Ωm ≈ 0.4 299(10) References 304(5) High Energy Neutrino Astronomy: Towards Kilometer-Scale Detectors 309(22) Francis Halzen Introduction 309(1) Scientific Goals 310(9) Galactic Sources 311(2) Extragalactic Sources 313(4) Particle Physics 317(1) Other Science 318(1) Summary 319(1) Large Natural Cerenkov Detectors 319(12) Baikal, Antares, Nestor and Nemo: Northern Water 321(2) Amanda: Southern Ice 323(6) References 329(2) Index 331
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