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Dairy Herd Health [Kietas viršelis]

Edited by (University of Nottingham, UK), Contributions by (Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, , Coventry, , CV4 7AL, UNITED KING), Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by (Bishopton, Ripon Practice The Surgery, Mill Farm, Studley Road, Ripon, North Yorkshire, HG4 2QR, UNITED KINGDOM)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 328 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 244x172x23 mm, weight: 890 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Nov-2012
  • Leidėjas: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1845939972
  • ISBN-13: 9781845939977
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 328 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 244x172x23 mm, weight: 890 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Nov-2012
  • Leidėjas: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1845939972
  • ISBN-13: 9781845939977
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
For veterinary surgeons and students, agricultural consultants, and farm managers, Green (veterinary medicine, U. of Nottingham, UK) compiles nine chapters that take a population level and evidence-based approach to disease prevention, investigation, and control in dairy herds. Veterinary specialists from Europe and Canada cover key areas to help readers start herd health programs or re-evaluate and improve their approach. They detail the concepts of herd health; how to facilitate changes on dairy farms, including interactions between the advisor and the farm staff, the ability to communicate and modify day-to-day habits, and working as a team; rearing youngstock and replacing cows; managing reproduction; controlling mastitis and enhancing milk quality; controlling lameness and infectious disease; managing nutrition; and how dairy farming influences food security and the environment. They do not address the diagnosis and treatment of individual cows or the pathology of specific diseases, but instead focus on methods and indices for monitoring cow health, evaluating and interpreting herd patterns of disease, and implementing herd-level control strategies. Distributed in the US by Stylus Publishing. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Daugiau informacijos

A must-have practical guide for all academics and researchers on one of the industry's most important topics
Preface xiii
1 Concepts in Dairy Herd Health
1(10)
Martin Green
Laura Green
Jon Huxley
Jonathan Statham
Sian Statham
Context of Dairy Herd Health: Why Improve the Health of Farmed Livestock?
1(1)
What is Herd Health?
2(1)
Practical Implementation of Herd Health: Getting Started and Structuring the Health Visits
3(3)
Appreciating client aspirations
3(1)
Establishing farm-specific goals
4(1)
Measuring performance and setting targets: the importance of data recording and analysis
5(1)
Structure of the herd health visit
5(1)
Charging for herd health
6(1)
Other Factors to Consider for Successful Implementation of a Herd Health Programme
6(3)
Training of farm staff
6(1)
The cow's environment
7(1)
Relevance of genetics in herd health
8(1)
Conclusion
9(1)
References and Further Reading
9(2)
2 Facilitating Change in Herd Health
11(24)
Helen Higgins
Martin Green
Aurelien Madouasse
Introduction
11(1)
Encouraging farmers to take action: context and challenges
11(1)
To Change Human Behaviour, We Need First to Understand It
12(3)
Selfish human behaviour research applied to herd health
13(2)
How to Assist Farmers in Implementing Changes on the Farm
15(14)
First identify which stage the farmer has reached
16(1)
Stage I Moving from no intentions... to wanting to change
17(8)
Stage II The Giant Leap from wanting... to doing
25(3)
Stage III Keeping up the good work
28(1)
A final reflection
29(1)
Facilitating Change: Evidence-based Veterinary Medicine
29(3)
What is evidence-based medicine?
30(2)
Conclusion: Facilitating Changes in Dairy Herd Health
32(1)
References and Further Reading
32(3)
3 Restoring the Dairy Herd: Rearing Youngstock and Replacing Cows
35(38)
James Breen
Peter Down
Mike Kerby
Andrew Bradley
Introduction
35(7)
Dynamics of the dairy herd structure: culling and replacements
35(1)
Mortality and disease in youngstock
36(2)
Culling of adult cows
38(2)
Financial costs associated with culling of cows
40(1)
Welfare considerations of youngstock rearing
40(2)
Monitoring Youngstock Health
42(6)
Monitoring the neonatal period (including calving)
42(1)
Monitoring the pre-weaning period
42(2)
Monitoring the post-weaning period
44(2)
Monitoring first calving and lactation
46(1)
Monitoring culling in the adult herd
47(1)
Targets for Youngstock Rearing and Dairy Cow Culling
48(2)
Targets for the neonatal period (including calving)
48(1)
Targets for the pre-weaning period
49(1)
Targets for the post-weaning period
49(1)
Targets for first calving
49(1)
Targets for monitoring culled cows
49(1)
Disease Control in the Rearing Period
50(16)
Disease control in the neonatal period (including calving)
52(4)
Disease control in the pre-weaning period
56(4)
Disease control and fertility management in the post-weaning period
60(6)
Summary
66(1)
References and Further Reading
67(6)
4 Managing Herd Reproduction
73(44)
Chris Hudson
Mike Kerby
Jonathan Statham
Wendela Wapenaar
Introduction
73(5)
The economics of fertility
73(1)
Current levels of reproductive performance
74(2)
Welfare and ethics of reproductive herd health
76(1)
Public health and reproduction
77(1)
Underlying Principles of Dairy Cow Reproduction
78(1)
Reproductive physiology and hormonal control of the oestrous cycle
78(1)
Monitoring Reproduction in Herd Health
78(14)
The practicalities of data recording
78(2)
Monitoring reproductive data on the farm
80(2)
Routine performance monitoring
82(8)
Summary of key targets
90(2)
Control of Herd Fertility: Enhancing Reproductive Performance
92(18)
Improving accuracy and rate of oestrus detection
93(7)
Improving pregnancy rates
100(6)
Controlling reproductive disease
106(4)
Conclusion
110(1)
References and Further Reading
111(6)
5 Control of Mastitis and Enhancement of Milk Quality
117(52)
Andrew Bradley
Herman Barkema
Andrew Biggs
Martin Green
Theo Lam
Introduction
117(8)
An internatioal perspective on mastitis and milk production
117(4)
The economics of bovine mastitis
121(2)
Welfare implications of bovine mastitis
123(1)
The public health implications and perception of bovine milk
123(2)
Underlying Principles of Disease
125(8)
Anatomy and physiology
125(1)
Host immune defence
125(4)
Genetic susceptibility of the host
129(1)
Pathogens and their behaviour
129(2)
Major versus minor pathogens
131(2)
Mastitis Diagnostics
133(6)
Detection or diagnosis
133(1)
Mastitis detection
133(1)
Somatic cell counting
134(1)
Mastitis diagnosis
135(1)
Selecting a diagnostic technique
136(3)
Monitoring and Analysis of Mastitis Data
139(8)
Monitoring and interpreting somatic cell count data
140(5)
Monitoring and interpreting clinical mastitis data
145(2)
Summary of monitoring
147(1)
Control of Mastitis
147(17)
Principles of control
147(3)
Action and reaction
150(1)
National control schemes
151(1)
Contagious mastitis control
151(5)
Environmental mastitis control
156(4)
Managing the milk-harvesting process
160(2)
Biosecurity
162(1)
The role of the heifer in mastitis control
163(1)
Conclusions
164(1)
References and Further Reading
164(5)
6 Control of Lameness
169(36)
Jon Huxley
Simon Archer
Nick Bell
Mark Burnell
Laura Green
Sarah Potterton
Jon Reader
Introduction
169(5)
Healthy feet and normal locomotion
169(1)
Definition of lameness
170(1)
Incidence and prevalence of lameness
170(1)
The impact of lameness
170(1)
Heritability of lameness
171(1)
Causes of foot lameness
172(1)
Farmer attitudes to lameness
172(2)
Evaluating and Monitoring Lameness
174(9)
The importance of good farm records
174(1)
Setting up a locomotion scoring system on the farm
175(2)
Recognizing foot lesions
177(1)
Methods of recording locomotion and lesions
177(1)
Practical use of lameness data
178(3)
Lameness targets
181(1)
The future of monitoring lameness in dairy herds
182(1)
Summary
183(1)
Control of Lameness
183(16)
Treatment of clinical cases
185(2)
Routine foot trimming
187(1)
Foot bathing and disinfection
188(2)
Management of cow groups and movements
190(2)
Lying time and cubicle comfort
192(1)
Standing times and concrete surfaces
193(3)
Cleanliness and slurry management
196(1)
Tracks and walkways
197(1)
Nutrition
198(1)
Biosecurity
199(1)
Conclusions
199(1)
References and Further Reading
200(5)
7 Control of Infectious Disease
205(22)
Laura Green
Simon Archer
Andrew Biggs
Andrew Bradley
James Breen
Peter Down
Martin Green
Mike Kerby
Gerdien van Schaik
Wendela Wapenaar
Introduction
205(2)
Principles of infectious disease control
205(1)
Introduction of a new pathogen
205(1)
Spread of a new pathogen within a herd
206(1)
Persistence of a pathogen within a herd
206(1)
The spread of infectious diseases between herds
207(1)
Principles of Infectious Disease Control
207(2)
Elimination of a disease from a herd
207(1)
Control of a disease in a herd
208(1)
Diagnostic Tests
209(3)
Test sensitivity and specificity
209(2)
Predictive value of a test
211(1)
Estimating the presence and prevalence of disease
211(1)
Monitoring Infectious Disease
212(2)
Control of Infectious Disease: General Concepts
214(1)
Biosecurity in dairy herds
214(1)
Practical Implementation of Infectious Disease Control: Disease Examples
215(8)
Control or eradication?
215(5)
Evaluating herd infection status
220(2)
Avoiding introduction or reintroduction of a pathogen
222(1)
Preventing spread and persistence of a pathogen within a herd
222(1)
Conclusions
223(1)
References and Further Reading
224(3)
8 Nutritional Management of Herd Health
227(52)
Alastair Hayton
James Husband
Richard Vecqueray
Introduction: The Role of Nutrition in Dairy Herd Health and Production
227(1)
Background: Key Concepts
228(3)
The role of glucose in cow metabolism
228(1)
The pivotal role of the liver in adaptation to NEB
229(1)
Inappropriate metabolic responses of cows in NEB
229(1)
Protein metabolism
230(1)
Trace elements and vitamins
231(1)
Monitoring of Nutritional Management, Including Herd Targets
231(34)
Assessment of the records
231(9)
Monitoring nutrition: assessment of the cow
240(6)
Monitoring metabolic markers
246(3)
Monitoring of nutrition: assessments of feeding
249(8)
Monitoring feeding: forages
257(8)
Key Concepts in Formulation
265(1)
Control of Major Nutrition-related Disease
265(9)
Nutritional control of hypocalcaemia
268(2)
Nutritional control of fatty liver and ketosis
270(1)
Nutritional control of displaced abomasum
271(1)
Nutritional control of subacute ruminal acidosis
272(2)
Summary
274(1)
Acknowledgements
274(1)
References and Further Reading
274(5)
9 Dairy Farming, Food Security and Environmental Issues
279(18)
Jonathan Statham
Martin Green
Jon Huxley
Sian Statham
Introduction
279(4)
Background: Food Security, Energy Security and Climate Change
279(1)
Food security
280(2)
Energy security
282(1)
Environmental Issues: Significance for the Dairy Industry
283(6)
Impacts of dairy farming on the atmosphere and climate change
284(2)
Impacts of dairy farming on water
286(1)
Impacts of dairy farming on biodiversity and local ecology
287(2)
Promoting and enforcing environment protection
289(1)
Reducing the Impact of Dairy Farming on the Environment
289(4)
The influence of increased efficiency and improved health and reproduction
289(4)
Conclusion: Dairy Farming and the Environment
293(1)
References and Further Reading
293(4)
Appendix 1 Sample Sizes and Disease Prevalence Estimates
297(4)
Martin Green
Laura Green
Sample Size Estimates
297(1)
Estimating Disease Prevalence from Test Results
298(3)
Appendix 2 Genetics and Herd Health
301(4)
Jonathan Statham
Martin Green
Introduction
301(1)
Genetic Indices
301(3)
UK indices
302(1)
Production traits
302(1)
Genetic indices outside the UK
303(1)
Reliability of genetic indices
303(1)
Heritability
303(1)
Genetic defects
303(1)
Reference
304(1)
Index 305
Jon holds the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS) certificate in Cattle Health and Production for 200 and an RCVS diploma for Cattle Health and Production (2005). In 2006 he became the diplomat of the European College of Bovine Health Management and an RCVS Recognised Specialist in Cattle Health and Production, particularly lamness and mastitis and the impact of the housed environment on health and welfare.