Preface |
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v | |
Online Updates |
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vii | |
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xv | |
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xxxi | |
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Table of Statutory Instruments |
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xxxvii | |
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Table of International and European Conventions and Legislation |
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xxxix | |
Note on Neutral Citation of Cases |
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xli | |
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1 Understanding the English Legal System |
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1 What is law? The rule of law |
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1 | (1) |
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2 Distinguishing between different types of law |
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2 | (6) |
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3 What is the English legal system? |
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8 | (5) |
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4 The mother of all common law systems |
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13 | (1) |
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5 The comparison with other European systems |
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14 | (9) |
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6 Who runs the English legal system? |
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23 | (1) |
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7 Keeping up-to-date with the English legal system |
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24 | |
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2 | (14) |
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2 Statutory interpretation |
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16 | (10) |
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3 Critique of legislation |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (13) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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8 International law as a source of English law |
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44 | |
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3 Community Law: Its Impact on English Law and the English Courts |
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1 EU law is part of UK law |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (21) |
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24 | (2) |
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5 Direct applicability and direct effect |
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26 | (9) |
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6 The Von Colson principle and Marleasing: indirect effect |
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35 | (1) |
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7 Damages from a tardy State: the Francovich principle |
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36 | (2) |
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8 Direct effect of EU law in the UK |
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38 | (1) |
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9 Supremacy of EU law in the UK |
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39 | (3) |
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10 General principles of law |
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42 | (1) |
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11 The EU and the European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2010/C 83/02) |
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43 | (1) |
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12 Harmonisation of laws: the Corpus Juris project and the creation of a European Area of Justice |
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44 | |
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4 The European Convention on Human Rights and English Law |
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1 Incorporation into UK law |
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1 | (3) |
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4 | (1) |
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3 The European Court of Human Rights |
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5 | (1) |
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4 Examples of the Convention's Application in English Law |
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6 | (52) |
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5 The approach of English courts to Convention rights and interpretation of domestic law |
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58 | (5) |
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6 Who can bring an action and against whom can actions be brought? |
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63 | (6) |
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7 Evaluations of the Act's Impact |
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69 | |
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8 The dramatic effect of Art.6: repositioning the judiciary in the UK constitution |
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64 | (2) |
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9 Evaluations of the Human Rights Act |
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66 | |
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5 Law Reform and the Changing Legal System |
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1 The inevitability of change |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 The High Court of Justice |
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4 | (5) |
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4 The Court of Appeal (Civil Division) |
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9 | (1) |
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5 The House of Lords transforms into the Supreme Court |
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10 | (4) |
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6 The Court of Justice of the EU |
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14 | (1) |
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7 The European Court of Human Rights |
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15 | (1) |
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8 The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (4) |
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22 | (3) |
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25 | |
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2 | (5) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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4 The Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench Division |
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9 | (1) |
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5 The Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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7 The Court of Justice of the EU and the European Court of Human Rights |
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12 | (1) |
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8 The Special Immigration Appeals Commission |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (4) |
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6 | (3) |
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9 | (7) |
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5 Nineteenth-century developments |
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16 | (3) |
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6 Twentieth-century developments |
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19 | |
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9 The Adversarial Process |
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1 Elements of the adversarial (accusatorial) system |
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2 | (4) |
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2 Criticism of the adversarial system |
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6 | (1) |
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3 Erosion of the adversarial process |
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7 | |
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1 Civil procedure after "the Woolf reforms" |
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2 | (1) |
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2 The Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (CPR) |
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3 | (20) |
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3 Appeals from the High Court and county courts from 2000 |
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23 | (8) |
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4 The background to the Woolf reforms |
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31 | (4) |
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5 Reactions to the Woolf report |
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35 | (1) |
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6 Evaluating the Woolf reforms: research, surveys and comments |
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36 | (8) |
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7 Problems remaining in 2011 and the Jackson Review of Costs |
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44 | (11) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | |
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11 Alternatives to the Civil Courts: Institutions and Procedures |
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2 | (30) |
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32 | (4) |
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3 Alternative dispute resolution |
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36 | |
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1 | (21) |
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2 Agencies involved in the criminal justice system |
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22 | (8) |
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3 Stages of the criminal process |
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30 | |
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PART IV Professionals in the Law |
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1 Barristers and solicitors |
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1 | (1) |
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2 Training, entering and diversity |
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2 | (8) |
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3 Organisation and regulation |
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10 | (12) |
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4 Work of barristers and solicitors |
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22 | (15) |
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37 | (2) |
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6 The abolition of the professions' monopolies and restrictive practices: Bar wars |
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39 | (22) |
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7 Fusion: do we need two professions? |
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61 | |
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1 The Constitutional Reform Act 2005---a new constitutional framework |
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2 | (5) |
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2 What is meant by the independence of the judiciary? |
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7 | (17) |
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3 Who can apply to be a judge? |
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24 | (15) |
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4 The judicial appointments system from 2006 |
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39 | (9) |
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5 Deeper background: problems with the old system of appointing judges |
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48 | (8) |
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6 The remaining problem in 2011---lack of diversity |
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56 | (22) |
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78 | (4) |
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82 | |
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PART V Laypeople in the Law |
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1 Laypeople in the legal system |
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1 | (1) |
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2 Appointment and removal |
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2 | (10) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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5 District judges (magistrates' courts), formerly known as stipendiary magistrates |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (1) |
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8 Should lay justices be replaced by professionals? |
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18 | |
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1 "The lamp that shows that freedom lives" |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (20) |
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22 | (3) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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6 Allegations of impropriety or bias |
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27 | (2) |
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7 "Jury equity" and the unreasoned verdict |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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9 Inroads and attempted inroads into the criminal trial jury |
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31 | (7) |
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38 | |
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PART VI Access to Justice |
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1 The Access to Justice Act 1999 and the 2011 Bill |
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3 | (8) |
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2 Background to the 1999 Act |
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11 | (8) |
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3 Evaluation of Labour's 1999 Act---did it provide access to justice and value for taxpayers' money? |
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19 | (12) |
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4 The "legal aid crisis"---calls for a fundamental restructuring in 2004 |
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31 | (2) |
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5 Ken Clarke's plans for legal aid 2010-11 |
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33 | (578) |
Index |
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611 | |