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El. knyga: Decline of Substance Use in Young Adulthood: Changes in Social Activities, Roles, and Beliefs

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This text explores the connections between role transitions into adulthood (marriage, pregnancy, parenthood) and changes in substance abuse (smoking, drinking, and the use of marijuana and cocaine), as well as family transitions, living arrangements, college experience and employment. The research is based on data from the nationwide Monitoring the Future surveys conducted during the past quarter-century in the U.S., in which more than 38,000 young people were followed from age 18 up to age 32, The six authors are all with the Institute for Social Research, U. of Michigan. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This book is intended as a thoughtful extension to Bachman et al.'s well-received monograph Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use in Young Adulthood. That volume showed that the new freedoms of young adulthood lead to increases in substance use, while the responsibilities of adulthood--marriage, pregnancy, parenthood--contribute to declines in substance use. The Decline of Substance Use in Young Adulthood examines how the changes in social and religious experiences and in attitudes toward substance use observed among young adults are related to changes in substance use, family transitions, living arrangements, college experience, and employment. The research uses a variety of analysis techniques and is based on the nationwide Monitoring the Future surveys of more than 38,000 young people followed from high school into adulthood.

The research covers the last quarter of the 20th century, a period when drug use and views about drugs underwent many important changes. In spite of these shifts, the overall patterns of relationships reported in this book are impressive in their consistency across time and in their general similarity for men and women.

Specific questions addressed include the following:
*As young adults experience new freedoms and responsibilities, do their attitudes about drugs change?
*Do their religious views and behaviors shift?
*Do their new freedoms and responsibilities affect the amount of time they spend in social activities, including going to parties and bars?
*And how are any of these changes linked to changes in cigarette use, alcohol use, marijuana use, and cocaine use?

Recenzijos

"...the overall patterns of relationships reported in this book are impressive in their consistency across time and in their general similarity for men and women." Adolescence

"The research in this book is strong and would serve as a great example for students hoping to learn more about how to use panel data, how to break down complex models into more manageable components, and how to draw conclusions about relationships based on the analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal data. In addition, the book also offers good information and solid substantive findings for those interested in changes in substance use over the life course....a valuable resource and is worthy of a spot on library shelves." Journal of Marriage and Family

Series Editors' Foreword ix
Preface xi
This Book and the Earlier Book: Distinctions and Overlaps xii
Guidelines for Using this Book xiii
Acknowledgments xiv
Introduction and Overview
1(7)
Observations on Data Quality and Breadth of Generalization
4(2)
Studying Complex Causal Relationships in Natural Settings
6(2)
Literature Review: Conceptual and Empirical Overview of Issues
8(16)
Young Adulthood
8(3)
Social Roles
11(6)
Values, Attitudes, and Behaviors
17(5)
Conclusions
22(2)
Examining Mediating Variables---Sample Characteristics and Analysis Strategies
24(16)
Sample Characteristics and Representativeness
25(2)
A Four-Step Analysis Strategy
27(5)
Additional Panel Analysis Issues and Strategies
32(8)
Religious Attendance and Importance
40(31)
Patterns of Age-Related Change in Religiosity
40(5)
How Changes in Religiosity Relate to Changes in Substance Use
45(14)
Analyses Linking Religiosity With Post-High-School Experiences
59(11)
Summary
70(1)
Time Spent on Various Social and Recreational Activities
71(50)
Patterns of Age-Related Change in Evenings Out and Related Behaviors
72(5)
How Changes in Evenings Out Are Linked With Changes in Substance Use
77(14)
How Changes in Other Social-Recreational Behaviors Are Linked with Changes in Substance Use
91(6)
Analyses Linking Recreational Lifestyle With Post-High-School Experiences
97(19)
Summary
116(5)
Perceived Risks and Disapproval of Smoking, Heavy Drinking, and Illicit Drug Use
121(35)
Focusing on Views About Specific Substances Rather than Substance Use in General
122(1)
Patterns of Age-Related Change in Percieved Risks and Disapproval
123(10)
How Perceived Risks and Disapproval Are Correlated With Substance Use
133(13)
Analyses Linking Perceived Risks and Disapproval With Post-High-School Experiences
146(8)
Summary
154(2)
Friends' Use of Substances, and Perceived Availability of Illicit Drugs
156(25)
Patterns of Age-Related Change in (Perceived) Friends' Use of Substances and in Perceived Availability of Illicit Drugs
158(9)
How Perceptions of Friends' Use Are Correlated With Substance Use
167(2)
How Perceptions of Availability Are Correlated With Substance Use
169(3)
Analyses Linking Friends' Use of Substances With Post-High-School Experiences
172(6)
Analyses Linking Perceptions of Availability With Post-High-School Experiences
178(1)
Summary
179(2)
Putting the Pieces Together---Structural Equation Models
181(21)
Decisions About Variables, Samples, and Models
182(7)
Analytic Approach
189(1)
Findings From the Structural Equation Modeling
190(10)
Summary
200(2)
Summary, Conclusions, and Implications
202(19)
Conceptual Overview Revisited: Fitting Together All of the Pieces
202(7)
Impacts of the New Freedoms and New Responsibilities in Young Adulthood
209(7)
Conclusions and Implications
216(2)
Concluding Comments on Declining Substance Use in Young Adulthood: Impacts of Social Activities, Roles, and Beliefs
218(3)
Appendix 221(66)
Sampling and Data-Collection Procedures
221(3)
Patterns of Post-High-School Experiences
224(12)
Multiple Classification Analyses Predicting Changes in Mediating Variables
236(51)
References 287(8)
Author Index 295(4)
Subject Index 299


Bachman, Jerald G.; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Schulenberg, John E.; Johnston, Lloyd D.; Bryant, Alison L.; Merline, Alicia C.
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