Evidence for Oxfordshire's strategic location in ancient times can be found in the remains of prehistoric hillforts, fortified Roman towns and Saxon burhs. Both Oxford and Wallingford were besieged during Stephen and Matilda's war of succession and again 500 years later during the Civil War. Charles I chose Oxford as his capital, defending it with garrisons at Bletchingdon, Banbury and Chipping Norton. Later, local volunteer forces formed in the county, gaining state recognition during Queen Victoria's reign and bolstering regular regiments in the two world wars. In the Second World War, Oxfordshire's River Thames was a critical component in anti-invasion defences, and the county's air bases provided the means for the RAF and USAAF to launch bombing raids into Nazi Germany. Lastly, since before the Cold War, the villages of Harwell and Culham have been contributing to Britain's development as a nuclear power. 'Defending Oxfordshire' delves deep into the county's military landscape, revealing a unique and fascinating perspective of its history.
Acknowledgements; List of Abbreviations; Introduction; 1 Fortifications
in Oxfordshire Prior to the Norman Conquest; 2 Oxfordshire in the Middle
Ages, 1050-1500; 3 Oxfordshire in Tudor, Stuart, and Georgian Times,
1500-1840; 4 Victorian and Edwardian Oxfordshire, 1840-1914; 5 Oxfordshire in
the First World War, 1914-18; 6 Oxfordshire during the Interwar Years,
1919-39; 7 Oxfordshire during the Second World War, 1939-45; 8 The Cold War
and Beyond, 1945-2020; Appendix I: Prehistoric Forts; Appendix II: Castles,
Moated Sites, and Strong Houses; Appendix III: Licences to Crenellate;
Appendix IV: Airfields and Other Aviation-Related Sites; Appendix V: Drill
Halls, TA, and Army Reserve Centres; Appendix VI: Barracks, Camps, and
Depots; Appendix VII: Locations of Volunteer Units; Appendix VIII: Second
World War Anti-Invasion Defences; Appendix IX: Home Guard Units in
Oxfordshire; Appendix X: Air Defence in the Second World War and the Cold
War; Appendix XI: Munitions and Logistics; Appendix XII: Military and
Auxiliary Hospitals; Appendix XIII: POW Camps; Bibliography; Index.
Dr Mike Osborne's interest in fortifications began with childhood visits to castles and forts. It has developed over the years to include all aspects of the subject from Iron Age hillforts to Cold War bunkers. He was a volunteer-coordinator for the 'Defence of Britain Project', recording twentieth-century military structures. After a thirty-year career in education he took early retirement to write, producing twenty-six books to date on topics ranging from Civil War sieges and fortifications to the Volunteer Training Corps. His best- selling 'Defending Britain' led to a series of county surveys of defences including five titles for Fonthill and the award-winning 'Defending Cambridgeshire'.
