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xiii | |
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xvi | |
| Preface |
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xviii | |
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1 | (14) |
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The principal concerns of demography |
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1 | (3) |
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1 | (1) |
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Population characteristics |
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2 | (1) |
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Demographic data: from individual life histories to population parameters |
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3 | (1) |
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Demography in archaeology |
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4 | (6) |
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4 | (1) |
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Population pressure: cause or effect? |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (5) |
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10 | (1) |
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Ethnographic and historical evidence |
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11 | (1) |
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Archaeological evidence: skeletal remains, settlements and site catchments |
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11 | (1) |
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Genetic and evolutionary evidence |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
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Demographic Concepts, Theory and Methods |
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15 | (30) |
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15 | (4) |
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Age categories and age distributions |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (1) |
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Other structuring categories |
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19 | (1) |
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Population growth and demographic transition |
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19 | (6) |
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Geometric and exponential growth |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (2) |
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Mortality, survivorship and life tables |
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25 | (10) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (5) |
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Hazard functions for modelling mortality and survivorship |
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32 | (3) |
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Fertility and population projection |
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35 | (3) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (2) |
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Migration and colonisation |
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38 | (3) |
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38 | (2) |
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40 | (1) |
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Population standardisation and comparison |
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41 | (4) |
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Population standardisation |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (2) |
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Historical and Ethnographic Demography |
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45 | (36) |
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Documentary sources of demographic data |
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45 | (5) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Commemorative inscriptions |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (2) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (1) |
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Longevity, menarche and menopause |
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52 | (3) |
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Perceptions and misperceptions of longevity |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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Historical evidence of migration and colonisation |
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55 | (3) |
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Migration in pre-industrial Europe |
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55 | (2) |
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Mass migration and colonisation in the modern era |
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57 | (1) |
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Hunter-gatherer demography |
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58 | (6) |
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Population structure in hunter-gatherers |
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58 | (4) |
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Mortality and fertility in hunter-gatherers |
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62 | (2) |
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Demography of agricultural populations |
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64 | (5) |
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Population structure in agricultural populations |
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64 | (3) |
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Mortality and fertility in agricultural populations |
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67 | (2) |
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Conditions of high mortality |
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69 | (12) |
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Crisis mortality and natural disasters |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (4) |
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74 | (3) |
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77 | (4) |
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Archaeological Demography |
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81 | (52) |
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Past population structure |
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81 | (11) |
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Background to the palaeodemography debate |
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81 | (3) |
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The challenge by Bocquet-Appel and Masset |
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84 | (3) |
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Uniformitarian assumptions in palaeodemography |
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87 | (2) |
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Bias in samples and in estimation |
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89 | (3) |
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92 | (6) |
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92 | (1) |
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Morphological sex differences in pre-adolescent skeletons |
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93 | (2) |
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Morphological sex differences in adult skeletons |
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95 | (2) |
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Accuracy of sex estimation |
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97 | (1) |
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Biomolecular methods of sex estimation |
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97 | (1) |
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Estimation of age at death |
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98 | (14) |
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Human skeletal development and ageing |
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98 | (3) |
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Age estimation in fetuses and children |
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101 | (4) |
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Age estimation in adults: macroscopic methods |
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105 | (5) |
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Age estimation in adults: microscopic methods |
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110 | (2) |
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Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches to age estimation |
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112 | (14) |
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General principles in estimating age from morphological indicators |
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112 | (1) |
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Bayes' theorem and its application to age estimation |
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113 | (3) |
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Evaluative studies of Bayesian methods in age estimation |
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116 | (3) |
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Alternative ways of modelling likelihoods: transition analysis and latent traits |
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119 | (1) |
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Perinatal age estimation from long bone length |
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120 | (3) |
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Age estimation and catastrophic mortality profiles |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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Estimation of population numbers from archaeological data |
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126 | (7) |
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House sizes and floor areas |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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Site catchments and resource utilisation |
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128 | (3) |
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Monitoring population size from radiocarbon dating distributions |
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131 | (2) |
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Evolutionary and Genetic Palaeodemography |
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133 | (18) |
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Age and sex structure in animal populations |
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133 | (4) |
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Natural animal populations |
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133 | (1) |
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Demography of non-human primates |
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134 | (3) |
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Demography of fossil hominids |
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137 | (9) |
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Maturation times and longevity in fossil hominids |
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137 | (3) |
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Demography of Australopithecus and early Homo |
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140 | (3) |
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Demography of Homo heidelbergensis and Homo neanderthalensis |
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143 | (3) |
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Human genetic palaeodemography |
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146 | (5) |
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Genetic studies of present-day populations |
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146 | (2) |
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Genetic studies of ancient populations |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (26) |
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Disease in archaeological populations |
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151 | (21) |
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Concepts and evidence of disease |
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151 | (3) |
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Infectious and epidemic diseases |
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154 | (6) |
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Metabolic, nutritional and deficiency diseases |
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160 | (5) |
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Neoplastic and congenital diseases |
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165 | (3) |
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168 | (4) |
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Social and demographic impacts of disease |
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172 | (5) |
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Demographic responses to disease |
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172 | (1) |
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Social responses to disease |
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173 | (4) |
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177 | (12) |
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The relevance of demography for archaeology |
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177 | (2) |
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How meaningful are the results of palaeodemographic analysis? |
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179 | (1) |
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How different were populations in the past? |
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180 | (3) |
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Demographic processes and cultural change |
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183 | (2) |
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Challenges for the future |
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185 | (4) |
| References |
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189 | (36) |
| Index |
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225 | |
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas