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El. knyga: Diamond-Based Materials for Biomedical Applications

Edited by (Professor, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC, USA)
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Contributors from physical sciences and life sciences discuss diamond-based materials and their applications for biology and medicine. Among their topics are the functionalization of diamond surfaces for medical applications, the biotribology and biological behavior of nanocrystalline diamond coatings for medical applications, ultrananocrystalline diamond films for ophthalmological and neural applications, and diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Carbon has many uses within biomaterials and it exhibits many desirable properties: it is light- weight, strong, conductive and can mimic natural materials within the body. Consequently a great deal of research and funding is being put into this interesting material with a desire to increase the variety of medical applications for which it is suitable. In this book, leading researchers in the field discuss the fundamentals and properties of carbon and explore novel applications of diamond based materials. Part one provides a clear introduction to diamond based materials for medical applications before moving on to discuss the functionalization of diamond particles and surfaces, biotribology and biological behavior of nanocrystalline diamond coatings, and blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon coatings. Part two reviews biomedical applications of diamond based materials, such as nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopedic applications, ultrananocrystalline diamond for neural and ophthalmological applications, nanodiamonds for drug delivery systems, and diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of diamond materials for microfluidic devices.

Table of Contents
Part 1 Introduction to diamond based materials for medical applications: Introduction to medical applications of diamond particles and surfaces; Functionalisation of diamond surfaces for medical applications; Biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings for medical applications; Blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings
Part 2 Biomedical applications of diamond based materials: Nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic applications; Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films for ophthalmological applications; Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) for neural applications; Nanodiamonds for drug delivery systems; Diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration; Diamond materials for microfluidic devices
Contributor contact details ix
Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials xiii
Part I Introduction to diamond-based materials for medical applications
1(102)
1 Introduction to medical applications of diamond particles and surfaces
3(22)
R. J. Narayan
R. D. Boehm
A. V. Sumant
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Growth of synthetic diamond
4(5)
1.3 Diamond-based medical devices
9(4)
1.4 Functionalization of nanodiamond and nanocrystalline diamond
13(2)
1.5 Drug delivery using nanodiamond
15(1)
1.6 Imaging with nanodiamond
16(3)
1.7 Conclusion
19(1)
1.8 Acknowledgments
20(1)
1.9 References
20(5)
2 Functionalization of diamond surfaces for medical applications
25(23)
S. Szunerits
R. Boukherroub
2.1 Introduction
25(1)
2.2 Electrochemical reduction of aryldiazonium salts
26(3)
2.3 Photochemical modification
29(2)
2.4 Preparation of amine-terminated diamond surfaces
31(2)
2.5 Preparation of oxygen-terminated diamond surfaces
33(7)
2.6 Conclusion and future trends
40(1)
2.7 References
41(7)
3 Biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings for medical applications
48(23)
M. Amaral
3.1 Introduction to nanocrystalline diamond (NCD)
48(2)
3.2 NCD-coated silicon nitride ceramics as new materials for joint replacement
50(1)
3.3 Growth and characterization of NCD films deposited on Si3N4 substrates
51(3)
3.4 Biotribology of NCD coatings
54(7)
3.5 Biological behaviour of NCD-coated Si3N4 ceramics
61(6)
3.6 References
67(4)
4 Blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings
71(32)
M. Fedel
4.1 Introduction
71(3)
4.2 Diamond-like carbon (DLC) structure, properties and applications
74(3)
4.3 Deposition techniques for DLC films
77(2)
4.4 DLC blood compatibility
79(8)
4.5 Modified DLC films
87(4)
4.6 Biomedical applications of DLC coatings
91(6)
4.7 Conclusion and future trends
97(1)
4.8 References
97(6)
Part II Biomedical applications of diamond-based materials
103(170)
5 Nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic applications
105(46)
S. A. Catledge
V. Thomas
Y. K. Vohra
5.1 Introduction
105(6)
5.2 Ultra-hard carbon coatings
111(10)
5.3 Wear measurements for ceramic-based orthopaedic implants
121(4)
5.4 Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and their interactions with nanostructured diamond surfaces
125(10)
5.5 Macrophage cell interactions to diamond wear debris
135(4)
5.6 In vivo evaluation of nanostructured diamond surfaces
139(1)
5.7 Future trends
139(2)
5.8 Acknowledgements
141(1)
5.9 References
141(10)
6 Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films for ophthalmological applications
151(20)
O. Auciello
P. Gurman
A. Berra
M. Saravia
R. Zysler
6.1 Introduction
151(1)
6.2 The use of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films as coatings in the restoration of sight in people blinded by degenerated photoreceptors
152(5)
6.3 The use of UNCD films in the treatment of glaucoma
157(7)
6.4 Integrated magnet/superparamagnetic nanoparticles interacting system for new treatment of retina detachment
164(4)
6.5 Conclusions
168(1)
6.6 Acknowledgments
169(1)
6.7 References
169(2)
7 Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) for neural applications
171(15)
Y-C. Chen
D-C. Lee
N-H. Tai
I-M. Chiu
7.1 Introduction
171(1)
7.2 Mechanism aspects of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD)/neural cell interactions
172(6)
7.3 Methods of guiding neurons
178(1)
7.4 Neural and retinal prostheses
179(4)
7.5 References
183(3)
8 Nanodiamonds for drug delivery systems
186(20)
A. E. Mengesha
B-B. C. Youan
8.1 Introduction
186(8)
8.2 Surface modification of diamond nanoparticles for drug delivery and targeting
194(1)
8.3 Development of nanodiamond-based drug delivery for proteins
195(3)
8.4 Development of nanodiamond-based drug delivery for genes
198(1)
8.5 Development of nanodiamond-based drug delivery for low molecular weight therapeutic agents
199(1)
8.6 Biocompatibility, biodistribution and biological fate of nanodiamonds
200(1)
8.7 Conclusions
201(1)
8.8 References
202(4)
9 Diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration
206(50)
A. Kromka
O. Babchenko
S. Potocky
B. Rezek
A. Sveshnikov
P. Demo
T. Izak
M. Varga
9.1 Introduction
206(2)
9.2 Diamond nucleation
208(3)
9.3 Methods for diamond nucleation and seeding
211(3)
9.4 Bias enhanced nucleation in hot filament chemical vapour deposition
214(8)
9.5 Ultrasonic seeding
222(13)
9.6 Seeding using a polymer composite
235(9)
9.7 Spontaneous nucleation
244(4)
9.8 Biological and tissue engineering applications
248(1)
9.9 Acknowledgements
249(1)
9.10 References
249(7)
10 Diamond materials for microfluidic devices
256(17)
A. Karczemska
10.1 Introduction
256(2)
10.2 Materials for the manufacture of microfluidic devices
258(3)
10.3 Diamond microfluidic devices
261(7)
10.4 Conclusions and future trends
268(1)
10.5 Acknowledgments
269(1)
10.6 References
269(4)
Index 273
Dr. Roger Narayan is a Professor in the Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University. He is an author of more than 100 publications as well as several book chapters on nanostructured biomedical materials. Dr. Narayan has received several honors for his research activities, including the NCSU Alcoa Foundation Engineering Research Achievement Award, the NCSU Sigma Xi Faculty Research Award, the University of North Carolina Jefferson-Pilot Fellowship in Academic Medicine, the University of North Carolina Junior Faculty Development Award, the National Science Faculty Early Career Development Award, the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, and the American Ceramic Society Richard M. Fulrath Award. He has been elected as Fellow of the American Ceramic Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Institute for Medical & Biological Engineering, and ASM International.
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