About the Authors |
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ix | |
Introduction |
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1 | (6) |
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How Brain Friendly Is Differentiation? |
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1 | (1) |
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The Rise, Fall, and Rise of Differentiation |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (4) |
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Questions This Book Will Answer |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (2) |
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1 The Nonnegotiables of Effective Differentiation |
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7 | (12) |
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8 | (2) |
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A Model for Effective Differentiation |
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10 | (4) |
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Brain Research and Differentiation |
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14 | (2) |
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Differentiation in a Nutshell |
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16 | (3) |
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2 Mindset, Learning Environment, and Differentiation |
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19 | (30) |
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20 | (1) |
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The Effective Teacher's Mindset |
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21 | (8) |
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Teachers Have a Lifelong Impact |
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21 | (1) |
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The Classroom Must Feel Safe and Secure |
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22 | (1) |
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All Students Want to Succeed |
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23 | (1) |
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Teachers Must Meet the Social-Emotional Needs of Students |
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24 | (2) |
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Technology Is Affecting Social Skills |
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26 | (1) |
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Empathy Is Very Important |
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26 | (1) |
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Students Should Feel a Sense of Ownership of Their Education |
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27 | (1) |
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Teachers Should Identify and Reinforce Each Student's Areas of Competence |
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27 | (1) |
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Teachers Should Address Fears of Failure and Humiliation |
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28 | (1) |
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Discipline Is a Teaching Process |
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28 | (1) |
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Fixed and Growth Mindsets |
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29 | (4) |
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Mindset, Teaching, and Learning |
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29 | (2) |
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Fixed and Growth Mindsets and Differentiation |
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31 | (2) |
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Classroom Environments and Differentiation |
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33 | (6) |
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Learning Environments, Student Affect, and Differentiation |
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34 | (2) |
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Learning Environments, Student Cognition, and Differentiation |
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36 | (3) |
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Exercise 2.1 Questions for Teachers About Mindset, Learning Environment, and Differentiation |
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39 | (2) |
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Exercise 2.2 Questions for Teachers About Student Affective Needs, Learning Environment, and Differentiation |
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41 | (4) |
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Exercise 2.3 Reflections on Cognitive Traits of Learners and the Environments That Support Those Traits |
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45 | (2) |
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Exercise 2.4 Questions for Teachers About Student Cognitive Needs, Learning Environment, and Differentiation |
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47 | (2) |
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3 Curriculum and Differentiation |
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49 | (18) |
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The Importance of a Quality Curriculum |
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49 | (2) |
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Quality Curriculum Is Organized Around Essential Content Goals |
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51 | (4) |
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Curriculum Races Are Not Brain Friendly |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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Quality Curriculum Is Aligned |
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55 | (1) |
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Quality Curriculum Focuses on Student Understanding |
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56 | (5) |
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Learning Tasks Should Extend Understandings |
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58 | (1) |
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Understandings Build Neural Networks |
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59 | (1) |
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Different Pathways Lead to Common Goals |
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60 | (1) |
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Quality Curriculum Engages Students |
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61 | (1) |
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Quality Curriculum Is Authentic |
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62 | (2) |
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Quality Curriculum Is Effectively Differentiated |
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64 | (1) |
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Exercise 3.1 Questions for Teachers About the Quality of a Curriculum Unit |
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65 | (2) |
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4 Classroom Assessment and Differentiation |
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67 | (24) |
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Baggage From the Past: Negative Images of Classroom Assessment |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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A More Productive View of Assessment |
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71 | (3) |
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Purposes of Classroom Assessments |
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74 | (5) |
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74 | (3) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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Assessment and Differentiation |
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79 | (3) |
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Grading and Differentiation |
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82 | (4) |
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The Importance of Clear Goals |
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86 | (2) |
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Exercise 4.1 Questions for Teachers to Ask to Determine Whether an Assessment Is Effective |
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88 | (3) |
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5 Differentiating in Response to Student Readiness |
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91 | (30) |
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92 | (1) |
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Why Addressing Readiness Matters |
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93 | (4) |
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The Challenge of ZPD in the Classroom |
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95 | (1) |
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Support From Neuroscience |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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The Role of Classroom Elements in Planning for Readiness Differentiation |
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97 | (4) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (1) |
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Some Guidelines for Differentiating in Response to Student Readiness |
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101 | (4) |
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Content, Process, and Product Differentiation Based on Student Readiness |
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105 | (3) |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Learning Contracts and Tiering for Differentiation |
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108 | (6) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (4) |
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Exercise 5.1 Questions for Teachers About Differentiating Instruction Based on Student Readiness |
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114 | (3) |
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Exercise 5.2 Activities for Differentiating Content, Process, and Product Based on Student Readiness |
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117 | (4) |
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6 Differentiating in Response to Student Interest |
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121 | (28) |
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Attend to Student Interest |
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122 | (2) |
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Why Student Interests Matter |
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124 | (1) |
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Neuroscience and Interest |
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125 | (2) |
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Seven Themes for Addressing Student Interest in the Classroom |
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127 | (2) |
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The Role of Classroom Elements in Planning for Interest-Based Differentiation |
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129 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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Guidelines for Differentiating in Response to Student Interest |
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131 | (4) |
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Guidelines for Differentiating Content, Process, and Product Based on Student Interest |
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135 | (3) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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Guidelines for Differentiating With Expert Groups and Sidebar Studies |
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138 | (5) |
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138 | (2) |
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140 | (3) |
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Exercise 6.1 Questions for Teachers About Differentiating Instruction Based on Student Interest |
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143 | (3) |
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Exercise 6.2 Activities for Differentiating Content, Process, and Product Based on Student Interest |
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146 | (3) |
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7 Differentiating in Response to Student Learning Profile |
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149 | (1) |
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The Aspects of Learning Profile |
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149 | (9) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (3) |
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Learning Profile: An Evolving Concept |
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158 | (5) |
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What Neuroscience Research Says About Learning Profile |
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160 | (1) |
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What a Learning Profile Should and Shouldn't Mean |
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161 | (2) |
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Some Guidelines for Differentiating in Response to Learning Profile |
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163 | (3) |
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Differentiate Content, Process, and Product Based on Learning Profile |
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166 | (4) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Differentiate With Synthesis Groups and Thinking Caps |
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170 | (4) |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (2) |
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174 | (2) |
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Exercise 7.1 Questions for Teachers About Differentiating Instruction Based on Student Learning Profile |
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176 | (3) |
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8 Managing a Differentiated Classroom |
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179 | (22) |
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A Common View of Classroom Management |
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179 | (2) |
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An Alternative View of Classroom Management |
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181 | (3) |
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Eight Principles of Leading Students |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (2) |
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Helping Students Examine Their Learning Differences |
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188 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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Helping Students Think About Differentiation |
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190 | (3) |
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Some Guidelines for Managing a Differentiated Classroom |
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193 | (4) |
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193 | (1) |
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Consider Using Assigned or Home-Base Seats |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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Develop Methods for Assigning Students to Groups |
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195 | (1) |
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Develop Methods for Giving Directions for Multiple Tasks |
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196 | (1) |
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Develop Procedures for Students to Get Help When the Teacher Is Busy |
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197 | (1) |
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Leading and Managing Successfully |
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197 | (2) |
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Exercise 8.1 Some Guidelines to Ensure Effective Group Work |
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199 | (2) |
Epilogue |
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201 | (2) |
References and Resources |
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203 | (16) |
Index |
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219 | |