Preface |
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ix | |
Acknowledgements |
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xiii | |
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1 Signals and Signal Processing |
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1 | (40) |
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1.1 Characterization and Classification of Signals |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 Typical Signal Processing Operations |
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4 | (9) |
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1.3 Examples of Typical Signals |
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13 | (8) |
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1.4 Typical Signal Processing Applications |
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21 | (16) |
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1.5 Why Digital Signal Processing? |
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37 | (4) |
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2 Discrete-Time Signals in the Time Domain |
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41 | (48) |
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2.1 Time-Domain Representation |
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42 | (4) |
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2.2 Operations on Sequences |
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46 | (9) |
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2.3 Operations on Finite-Length Sequences |
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55 | (7) |
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2.4 Typical Sequences and Sequence Representation |
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62 | (10) |
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72 | (2) |
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2.6 Correlation of Signals |
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74 | (6) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (6) |
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87 | (2) |
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3 Discrete-Time Signals in the Frequency Domain |
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89 | (54) |
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3.1 The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform |
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89 | (16) |
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3.3 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Theorems |
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105 | (6) |
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3.4 Energy Density Spectrum of a Discrete-Time Sequence |
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111 | (1) |
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3.5 Band-Limited Discrete-Time Signals |
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112 | (1) |
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3.6 DTFT Computation Using MATLAB |
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113 | (1) |
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3.7 The Unwrapped Phase Function |
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113 | (2) |
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3.8 Digital Processing of Continuous-Time Signals |
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115 | (14) |
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3.9 Sampling of Bandpass Signals |
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129 | (2) |
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3.10 Effect of Sample-and-Hold Operation |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (9) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (56) |
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4.1 Discrete-Time System Examples |
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143 | (6) |
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4.2 Classification of Discrete-Time Systems |
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149 | (4) |
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4.3 Impulse and Step Responses |
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153 | (1) |
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4.4 Time-Domain Characterization of LTI Discrete-Time Systems |
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154 | (7) |
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4.5 Simple Interconnection Schemes |
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161 | (3) |
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4.6 Finite-Dimensional LTI Discrete-Time Systems |
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164 | (8) |
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4.7 Classification of LTI Discrete-Time Systems |
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172 | (3) |
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4.8 Frequency-Domain Representations of LTI Discrete-Time Systems |
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175 | (10) |
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4.9 Phase and Group Delays |
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185 | (4) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (8) |
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198 | (1) |
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5 Finite-Length Discrete Transforms |
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199 | (78) |
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5.1 Orthogonal Transforms |
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199 | (2) |
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5.2 The Discrete Fourier Transform |
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201 | (4) |
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5.3 Relation Between the DTFT and the DFT and Their Inverses |
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205 | (6) |
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211 | (5) |
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5.5 Classifications of Finite-Length Sequences |
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216 | (5) |
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5.6 DFT Symmetry Relations |
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221 | (3) |
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5.7 Discrete Fourier Transform Theorems |
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224 | (6) |
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5.8 Fourier-Domain Filtering |
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230 | (2) |
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5.9 Computation of the DFT of Real Sequences |
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232 | (2) |
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5.10 Linear Convolution Using the DFT |
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234 | (11) |
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5.11 Short-Time Fourier Transform |
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245 | (4) |
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5.12 Discrete Cosine Transform |
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249 | (7) |
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256 | (3) |
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5.14 Energy Compaction Properties |
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259 | (3) |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (13) |
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275 | (2) |
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277 | (56) |
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277 | (4) |
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6.2 Rational z-Transforms |
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281 | (2) |
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6.3 Region of Convergence of a Rational z-Transform |
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283 | (6) |
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6.4 The Inverse z-Transform |
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289 | (8) |
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297 | (8) |
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6.6 Computation of the Convolution Sum of Finite-Length Sequences |
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305 | (3) |
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6.7 The Transfer Function |
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308 | (12) |
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320 | (1) |
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320 | (12) |
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332 | (1) |
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7 LTI Discrete-Time Systems in the Transform Domain |
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333 | (84) |
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7.1 Transfer Function Classification Based on Magnitude Characteristics |
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333 | (9) |
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7.2 Transfer Function Classification Based on Phase Characteristics |
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342 | (7) |
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7.3 Types of Linear-Phase FIR Transfer Functions |
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349 | (11) |
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7.4 Simple Digital Filters |
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360 | (19) |
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7.5 Complementary Transfer Functions |
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379 | (6) |
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385 | (4) |
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7.7 System Identification |
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389 | (3) |
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392 | (2) |
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7.9 Algebraic Stability Test |
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394 | (5) |
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399 | (1) |
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400 | (14) |
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414 | (3) |
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8 Digital Filter Structures |
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417 | (72) |
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8.1 Block Diagram Representation |
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418 | (3) |
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8.2 Equivalent Structures |
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421 | (1) |
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8.3 Basic FIR Digital Filter Structures |
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422 | (5) |
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8.4 Basic IIR Digital Filter Structures |
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427 | (6) |
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8.5 Realization of Basic Structures Using MATLAB |
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433 | (3) |
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436 | (9) |
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8.7 Parametrically Tunable Low-Order IIR Digital Filter Pairs |
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445 | (2) |
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8.8 IIR Tapped Cascaded Lattice Structures |
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447 | (5) |
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8.9 FIR Cascaded Lattice Structures |
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452 | (8) |
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8.10 Parallel Allpass Realization of IIR Transfer Functions |
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460 | (5) |
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8.11 Tunable High-Order Digital Filters |
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465 | (7) |
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8.12 Computational Complexity of Digital Filter Structures |
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472 | (1) |
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472 | (1) |
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473 | (14) |
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487 | (2) |
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9 IIR Digital Filter Design |
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489 | (38) |
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9.1 Preliminary Considerations |
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489 | (5) |
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9.2 Bilinear Transformation Method of IIR Filter Design |
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494 | (5) |
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9.3 Design of Lowpass IIR Digital Filters |
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499 | (2) |
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9.4 Design of Highpass, Bandpass, and Bandstop IIR Digital Filters |
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501 | (4) |
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9.5 Spectral Transformations of IIR Filters |
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505 | (7) |
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9.6 IIR Digital Filter Design Using MATLAB |
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512 | (3) |
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9.7 Computer-Aided Design of IIR Digital Filters |
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515 | (4) |
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519 | (1) |
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519 | (6) |
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525 | (2) |
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10 FIR Digital Filter Design |
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527 | (72) |
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10.1 Preliminary Considerations |
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527 | (4) |
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10.2 FIR Filter Design Based on Windowed Fourier Series |
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531 | (15) |
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10.3 Computer-Aided Design of Equiripple Linear-Phase FIR Filters |
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546 | (9) |
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10.4 Design of Minimum-Phase FIR Filters |
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555 | (1) |
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10.5 FIR Digital Filter Design Using MATLAB |
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556 | (17) |
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10.6 Design of Computationally Efficient FIR Digital Filters |
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573 | (13) |
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586 | (1) |
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587 | (7) |
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594 | (5) |
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11 DSP Algorithm Implementation |
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599 | (64) |
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599 | (11) |
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11.2 Structure Simulation and Verification Using MATLAB |
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610 | (7) |
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11.3 Computation of the Discrete Fourier Transform |
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617 | (15) |
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11.4 Fast DFT Algorithms Based on Index Mapping |
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632 | (8) |
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11.5 DFT and IDFT Computation Using MATLAB |
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640 | (2) |
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11.6 Sliding Discrete Fourier Transform |
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642 | (1) |
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11.7 DFT Computation over a Narrow Frequency Band |
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642 | (5) |
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11.8 Number Representation |
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647 | (5) |
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11.9 Handling of Overflow |
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652 | (1) |
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653 | (1) |
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653 | (8) |
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661 | (2) |
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12 Analysis of Finite Wordlength Effects |
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663 | (76) |
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12.1 The Quantization Process and Errors |
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664 | (1) |
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12.2 Quantization of Fixed-Point Numbers |
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665 | (3) |
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12.3 Quantization of Floating-Point Numbers |
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668 | (1) |
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12.4 Analysis of Coefficient Quantization Effects |
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668 | (13) |
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12.5 A/D Conversion Noise Analysis |
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681 | (10) |
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12.6 Analysis of Arithmetic Round-Off Errors |
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691 | (4) |
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12.7 Dynamic Range Scaling |
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695 | (11) |
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12.8 Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Low-Order IIR Filters |
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706 | (4) |
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12.9 Low-Sensitivity Digital Filters |
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710 | (6) |
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12.10 Reduction of Product Round-Off Noise Using Error Feedback |
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716 | (3) |
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12.11 Limit Cycles in IIR Digital Filters |
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719 | (8) |
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12.12 Round-Off Errors in FFT Algorithms |
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727 | (3) |
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730 | (1) |
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731 | (5) |
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736 | (3) |
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13 Multirate Digital Signal Processing Fundamentals |
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739 | (68) |
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13.1 The Basic Sampling Rate Alteration Devices |
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740 | (10) |
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13.2 Multirate Structures for Sampling Rate Conversion |
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750 | (8) |
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13.3 Multistage Design of Decimator and Interpolator |
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758 | (2) |
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13.4 The Polyphase Decomposition |
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760 | (11) |
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13.5 Arbitrary-Rate Sampling Rate Converter |
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771 | (12) |
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783 | (9) |
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13.7 CIC Decimators and Interpolators |
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792 | (4) |
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796 | (1) |
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797 | (8) |
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805 | (2) |
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14 Multirate Filter Banks and Wavelets |
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807 | (56) |
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14.1 Digital Filter Banks |
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807 | (6) |
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14.2 Two-Channel Quadrature-Mirror Filter Bank |
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813 | (10) |
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14.3 Perfect Reconstruction Two-Channel FIR Filter Banks |
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823 | (9) |
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832 | (8) |
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14.5 Multilevel Filter Banks |
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840 | (4) |
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14.6 Discrete Wavelet Transform |
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844 | (9) |
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853 | (1) |
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853 | (8) |
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861 | (2) |
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A Analog Lowpass Filter Design |
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863 | (24) |
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A.1 Analog Filter Specifications |
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863 | (2) |
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A.2 Butterworth Approximation |
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865 | (2) |
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A.3 Chebyshev Approximation |
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867 | (3) |
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A.4 Elliptic Approximation |
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870 | (1) |
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A.5 Linear-Phase Approximation |
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871 | (1) |
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A.6 Analog Filter Design Using MATLAB |
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872 | (3) |
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A.7 Analog Lowpass Filter Design Examples |
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875 | (2) |
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A.8 A Comparison of the Filter Types |
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877 | (3) |
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A.9 Anti-Aliasing Filter Design |
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880 | (2) |
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A.10 Reconstruction Filter Design |
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882 | (5) |
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B Design of Analog Highpass, Bandpass, and Bandstop Filters |
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887 | (6) |
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B.1 Analog Highpass Filter Design |
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887 | (2) |
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B.2 Analog Bandpass Filter Design |
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889 | (3) |
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B.3 Analog Bandstop Filter Design |
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892 | (1) |
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C Discrete-Time Random Signals |
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893 | (14) |
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C.1 Statistical Properties of a Random Variable |
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893 | (2) |
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C.2 Statistical Properties of a Random Signal |
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895 | (1) |
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C.3 Wide-Sense Stationary Random Signal |
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896 | (1) |
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C.4 Concept of Power in a Random Signal |
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897 | (1) |
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898 | (1) |
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C.6 Transform-Domain Representations of Random Signals |
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899 | (2) |
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901 | (1) |
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C.8 Discrete-Time Processing of Random Signals |
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901 | (6) |
Bibliography |
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907 | (20) |
Index |
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927 | |