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El. knyga: Doing Research in Urban and Regional Planning: Lessons in Practical Methods

(Curtin University, Australia), ,

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Doing Research in Urban and Regional Planning provides a basic introduction to methodology and methods in planning research. It brings together the methods most commonly used in planning, explaining their key applications and basic protocols. It addresses the unique needs of planners by dealing with concerns which cut across the social, economic, and physical sciences, showing readers how to mobilise fresh combinations of methods, theoretical frameworks and techniques to address the complex needs of urban and regional development. It includes illustrative case studies throughout to help planning students see how methods can be operationalised on the ground and connect research with urban and regional planning practice to build foundations for action.

The book pays attention to contemporary trends – such as the growth in information technology, and general shifts in urban and environmental governance – that are affecting the practicalities and protocols of doing planning research. Doing Research in Urban and Regional Planning also encourages ethical reflection and discusses the ethical issues specific to planning research.

Each chapter begins with a chapter outline with learning outcomes and concludes with take-home messages and suggested further readings. It also suggests a range of learning activities and discussion points for each method. Links to further online resources available under the e-Resources tab at www.routledge.com/9780415735575.

Recenzijos

"At last, a research methods textbook aimed specifically at planners! Combining guidance on all aspects of the research process with detailed coverage of methods vital for understanding spatial change, Doing Research in Urban and Regional Planning will prove invaluable to students and practitioners alike." -Sue Brownill, Reader in Urban Policy and Governance, Oxford Brookes University, UK

"This a very timely and accessible book which focuses specifically on the methods that are most useful to and used by planning researchers and practitioners. It provides a new and exciting way of combining theories, methods and applications; a welcome addition to research method textbooks especially those directly related to urban and regional planning." -Professor Simin Davoudi, Director of the Global Urban Research Unit (GURU) at Newcastle University, UK

"Doing Research in Urban and Regional Planning is a highly recommended guide to the methods, theories and techniques used by planning researchers in academia and practice. Covering the full spectrum of qualitative and quantitative research methods, as well as textual analysis and participatory techniques, this book will become a valued reference for educators, students, and practitioners." -Nicole Gurran, Professor of Urban and Regional Planning, The University of Sydney, Austrailia

"The fields of urban and regional planning consistently draw motivated students and young professionals who are committed to making the world a better place. But far too often, the embrace of normative ideals compels newcomers to the field to preoccupy themselves with the modalities of action before undertaking the necessary steps to actually learn how and why people, institutions, and places operate the way they do. This comprehensive and valuable text corrects this state of affairs by putting research at the center of meaningful planning practice. Not only does it show that planning is much more than the adoption of a pre-formulated toolkit of action. This text offers a wide range of research techniques and methodologies that planning professionals can use to assess, represent, and critically interrogate cities, regions, and their residents. You can find everything here: from a discussion of primary and secondary documents or the utility of GIS and land use surveys, to how to conduct an interview or operate a focus group, to how to deploy photography and cognitive mapping to reveal the oft-hidden social constructs that impact both people and places. A valuable companion to both planning theory and action." -Diane E. Davis, Charles Dyer Norton Professor of Regional Planning and Urbanism, Harvard Graduate School of Design

Acknowledgements xii
Part 1: Conceptualising Research 1(54)
1 Introduction
Why a Special Textbook for Planning Research?
3(1)
What to Expect in this Book
4(2)
Reference
6(1)
2 What are Methods? What is Methodology?
7(12)
Methods
7(3)
Method + ology
10(1)
More'-ologies'
11(2)
Choosing Methods, Building Methodology
13(3)
And Finally, a Little Bit about Paradigms
16(1)
Conclusion
16(1)
Suggested Further Reading
17(1)
References
18(1)
3 Theories in Planning Research: How they can Help You
19(12)
Theory in Planning Research
19(3)
Theory, Research Questions and Method
22(4)
Theory as the 'State of the Art'
26(1)
Finding the 'Right' Theory
27(2)
Conclusion
29(1)
Suggested Further Reading
29(1)
References
30(1)
Interlude 1 : Developing your Research Question
31(3)
Suggested Further Reading
33(1)
4 The Big Divide? Quantitative vs Qualitative Approaches
34(9)
Quantity or Quality?
34(4)
How Does a Sample Represent the World?
38(1)
What Do We Do with the Data?
39(1)
Do I Have to Choose One or the Other?
40(1)
Conclusion
41(1)
Suggested Further Reading
41(2)
5 The Case Study Approach
43(12)
What is a Case Study?
43(3)
Why would I Use a Case Study?
46(1)
When is a Study of a Case Not a Case Study?
47(2)
How Many Cases is Enough?
49(1)
What Needs to be Covered?
50(2)
Conclusion
52(1)
Suggested Further Reading
52(1)
References
53(2)
Part 2: Methods 55(168)
Interlude 2: How your Literature Review Supports your Research
57(2)
Suggested Further Reading
58(1)
Part 2.1: Understanding Places
59(16)
6 Describing Places from Secondary Data- and some Cautionary Tales
61(14)
Applications of Secondary Data
61(2)
Steps in Using Secondary Data
63(10)
Conclusion
73(1)
Suggested Further Reading
73(1)
References
74(1)
Interlude 3: Good Data Management Practice- Keeping Things Sharable, Reliable, and Ethical
75(28)
Reference
78(1)
7 Evaluating Places: Auditing and Site Analysis Techniques
79(12)
Types of Questions that Audits and Site Analysis can Help Address
79(1)
Using Audits to Generate Data
80(4)
Conducting an Audit
84(1)
Analysing Data from Audits
85(2)
Site Analysis
87(2)
Conclusion
89(1)
Suggested Further Reading
90(1)
References
90(1)
8 Understanding Urban Change: Land Use Surveys
91(14)
What are Land Use Surveys and Why are they Important to Planning?
91(2)
Determining the Scope: Issues of Scale, Complexity and Time
93(1)
Discrete Identifiers and your Base Map
94(2)
Land Use Categories
96(2)
Types of Data and Administration of your Survey
98(2)
Analysing Land Use Survey Data
100(2)
Conclusion
102(1)
Suggested Further Reading
102(1)
References
102(1)
Interlude 4: Fieldwork
103(2)
Part 2.2: Working with People
105(21)
9 Gauging Public Opinion: Questionnaires
107(19)
When would I Use a Questionnaire?
108(1)
Steps for Administering a Survey
109(1)
Questionnaire Design
109(6)
Sampling
115(7)
Recording and Analysis
122(2)
Communication
124(1)
Conclusion
124(1)
Suggested Further Reading
125(1)
References
125(1)
Interlude 5: Presenting and Interpreting Results-Quantitative Data
126(19)
Suggested Further Reading
130(1)
10 Interrogating Stakeholders' Ideas: Focus Groups and Iterative Methods
131(14)
Focus Groups
132(7)
Ask the Experts: The Delphi Technique
139(4)
Conclusion
143(1)
Suggested Further Reading
144(1)
Reference
144(1)
Interlude 6: Coding Data for Qualitative Analysis
145(20)
Suggested Further Reading
148(1)
References
148(1)
11 Exploring Accounts, Opinions and Attitudes: In-depth Interviews
149(16)
What Types of Research are Interviews Useful For?
149(2)
Preparation
151(7)
The Interview Process
158(2)
Analysing and Interpreting Interview Data
160(2)
Conclusion
162(1)
Suggested Further Reading
163(1)
References
163(2)
Part 2.3: Interrogating Practice
165(58)
12 People in Place, People in Practice: Non-verbal Methods
167(19)
The Complexities of Place and Practice
168(1)
Passive and Participant Observation
169(6)
Cognitive Mapping
175(5)
Photographic Enquiry
180(3)
Conclusion
183(1)
Suggested Further Reading
184(1)
References
185(1)
13 What can Documents Tell you about Planning Practice? Three Types of Text Analysis
186(19)
Text Analysis vs Other Reading Tasks
187(1)
Content Analysis
188(5)
Storyline Analysis
193(3)
Critical Discourse Analysis
196(6)
And Finally, a Few Words of Caution
202(1)
Suggested Further Reading
203(1)
References
204(1)
14 Planning Research as Practical Action: Participatory Methods
205(20)
Participatory Research- Not a Single Method
206(2)
Workshop Methods for Place-based Planning
208(7)
Project-based Methods in Participatory Action Research
215(4)
Conclusion
219(1)
Suggested Further Reading
220(1)
References
220(3)
Part 3: Putting it into Practice 223(30)
15 Looking After Yourself and Others: Ethical and Personal Issues in Planning Research
225(14)
Research Ethics Principles-an Overview
226(1)
Ethics in Planning Practice and Research
227(1)
Harm, Risk and Benefit in Human Research
228(2)
How can Planning Researchers Ensure they are Ethical Researchers?
230(6)
Conclusion
236(1)
Suggested Further Reading
237(1)
References
237(2)
16 Pulling it All Together
239(14)
Designing your Research Project
239(3)
The Research Proposal
242(3)
Conducting the Research
245(2)
Writing Up the Research
247(4)
Conclusion
251(1)
Suggested Further Reading
251(1)
References
252(1)
Index 253
Diana MacCallum teaches urban and regional planning at Curtin University, where she has coordinated the Honours program in planning since 2012. Her research interests focus on social aspects of urban planning and development, including practices and discourses of governance, social innovation, and eco-social justice in environmental policy.

Courtney Babb lectures in urban and regional planning at Curtin University. His teaching responsibilities include research methods and dissertation preparation, as well as transport planning and participatory planning. He also conducts research in these areas, and has a particular interest in childrens interaction with the built environment and planning systems.

Carey Curtis is Professor of City Planning and Transport at Curtin University, and the Director of the urban research network Urbanet. Her research experience spans four decades and has included over 50 projects in both academia and the planning industry. She has employed a wide range of both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Carey has published extensively in the areas of travel behaviour, transport and land use planning, and institutional barriers to sustainable urban development.