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El. knyga: Economic Change Governance and Natural Resource Wealth: The Political Economy of Change in Southern Africa

  • Formatas: 192 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 14-Apr-2023
  • Leidėjas: Earthscan Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000945737
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Economic Change Governance and Natural Resource Wealth: The Political Economy of Change in Southern AfricaDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 192 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 14-Apr-2023
  • Leidėjas: Earthscan Ltd
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000945737
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This volume analyzes the ways in which natural resource wealth has shaped authoritarian political regimes and statist economic systems in the countries of southern Africa in the post-colonial period. It consists of five essays. The first sets out the historical framework and emergence of natural resources as the crucial driver of economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Three essays, drawing on in-country research, focus on Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. They show how this explains the economic evolution of those countries - in particular, the impacts of economic and institutional changes on the bulk of the population, the rural poor. The final essay explores the nature of the changes and their neoliberal economic context, and the ways in which their harmful consequences might be relieved.
List of Maps
ix
Foreword x
Poul Nielson
Preface xiii
David Kaimowitz
Acknowledgements xviii
Acronyms and Abbreviations xxi
Introduction 1(2)
Origins
3(2)
From Analysis to Advocacy
5(2)
A Broadened Perspective
7(4)
The analytical approach
9(1)
Limitations
10(1)
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Wealth
11(30)
Natural Resource Wealth
12(8)
The scramble for Africa
13(2)
Initial returns
15(2)
The World Wars and between
17(2)
Towards decolonization
19(1)
Economic Foundations of Authoritarianism
20(3)
Rent-seeking state capitalism
21(1)
Monopoly production
21(1)
Smallholder commodity production
22(1)
Large-scale commercial agriculture
22(1)
Authoritarian Regimes in Southern Africa
23(3)
(Un)Intended Political Impacts of Structural Adjustment
26(6)
Resistance
28(1)
Enter the technocrats
29(1)
Good governance
30(2)
Natural Resource Wealth: Old Challenges in the New Millennium
32(9)
Continued dependence on natural resource wealth
33(1)
Terms of trade and market fluctuations
34(2)
Natural resource wealth and rent seeking
36(2)
Challenges for civil society
38(3)
Tanzania
41(28)
The Imperatives of Change
43(4)
Agrarian socialism and authoritarianism
43(4)
Structural Change and Natural Resource Sectors
47(11)
Overcoming resistance
47(2)
Restructuring the agricultural sector
49(2)
Opening the mining sector
51(4)
Expanding tourism
55(3)
The Economic Impact of the Structural Reforms on Mining and Tourism
58(3)
The Promise of Continuing Change
61(8)
Benefits and beneficiaries
61(2)
Costs and their distribution
63(1)
The political realm
64(2)
A tentative balance sheet
66(3)
Zambia
69(28)
Constructing the Authoritarian Regime
71(3)
Economic and resource policy under Kaunda and UNIP
71(3)
The Imperative to Adjust
74(5)
Collapse of the copper economy
74(3)
The reform package
77(2)
Institutional Reforms for Rural Communities
79(11)
Structural dualism
79(2)
UNIP's institutional grip
81(2)
The MMD's turn
83(1)
Impact of reforms on deep rural areas
84(4)
Opportunities and growing conflicts
88(2)
Dismantling Dualism: To Whose Benefit?
90(7)
Towards a new authoritarianism?
92(1)
A tentative balance sheet
93(4)
Zimbabwe
97(26)
The Foundations of Conflict
99(7)
Settler colonialism
99(3)
Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI)
102(1)
Independence
103(3)
Economic Reforms
106(12)
The need to reform
106(3)
Impact of structural reforms on tourism
109(1)
Three local experiences
110(3)
Under adjustment's shadow
113(3)
Political manipulation of the land question
116(2)
Towards Resolution or Protracted Conflict?
118(5)
Natural Resource Wealth in the Construction of Neoliberal Economies in Southern Africa
123(28)
What Groups or Economic Agents Have Gained or Lost Control over Natural Resources in the Context of Economic Reforms?
126(2)
From the state to private economic agents
126(1)
Transfer of traditionally managed resources to private control
127(1)
Transfer among private owners
128(1)
Through What Processes, Policies and Relations Have These Groups Acquired or Lost Control over Natural Resources?
128(6)
Establishing the neoliberal policy context
128(1)
Providing guarantees and incentives
129(1)
Institutional reforms
130(2)
Corruption and collusion
132(1)
Coercion
133(1)
Will Those Changes Promote Sustainable Development Paths by Promoting Environmental Sustainability, Enhancing Social Equity and Increasing Governments' Public Accountability?
134(4)
Environmental sustainability
134(2)
Enhancing social equity
136(1)
Political accountability and transparency
137(1)
Pursuing Reforms without a National Consensus
138(5)
Misplaced policies
138(1)
Misplaced priorities
139(2)
Missing factor in the development equation
141(2)
By Way of Recommendations
143(8)
The Bretton Woods institutions
143(2)
Strengthening the role of civil society
145(1)
Guiding principles: natural resource wealth and the rural poor
146(5)
Notes and References 151(10)
Index 161
David Reed is director of WWWF-International's Macroeconomics Program Office located in Washington, DC. He received his PhD in development economics from the Institut Universitaire d'Etudes du Development, University of Geneva.
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