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1 What Does the Middle Class Refer To? |
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1 | (8) |
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1.1 Importance, Measurement and Characteristics of the Middle Class |
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1 | (6) |
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1.1.1 Importance of the Middle Class |
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1 | (2) |
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1.1.2 Measurement of the Middle Class |
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3 | (2) |
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1.1.3 Characteristics of the Middle Class |
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5 | (2) |
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1.2 The Russian Middle Class |
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7 | (2) |
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2 On the Transition in Russia |
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9 | (12) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (10) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (7) |
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3 Distributional Change and What Happened to the Middle Class in Russia |
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21 | (16) |
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3.1 Review of the Literature |
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22 | (3) |
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3.1.1 Relative Distribution |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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3.1.3 Relative Polarization |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (10) |
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3.2.1 Relative Polarization |
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25 | (4) |
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29 | (6) |
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35 | (2) |
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4 Bipolarization and the Middle Class in Russia |
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37 | (20) |
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4.1 Review of the Literature |
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37 | (8) |
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4.1.1 Bipolarization Curves |
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38 | (2) |
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4.1.2 Measures of Bipolarization |
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40 | (1) |
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4.1.3 Extensions of the FW Measure |
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41 | (1) |
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4.1.4 Decomposition of the Bipolarization Measure |
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42 | (1) |
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4.1.5 Inequality and Bipolarization |
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43 | (1) |
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4.1.6 Bipolarization and Mobility |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (10) |
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4.2.1 Bipolarization Measures |
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45 | (6) |
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4.2.2 Decomposition of the Bipolarization Measure (FW) by Income Sources |
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51 | (4) |
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55 | (2) |
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5 On Polarization in Russia |
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57 | (14) |
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5.1 Review of the Literature |
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57 | (5) |
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5.1.1 Polarization: Definition and Properties |
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57 | (1) |
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5.1.2 Measuring Polarization with an Arbitrary Number of Poles |
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58 | (4) |
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5.1.3 Decomposition of Polarization Indices |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (6) |
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5.2.1 Measuring Polarization |
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62 | (3) |
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5.2.2 Decomposition of Polarization Measures by Income Sources |
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65 | (3) |
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68 | (3) |
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6 The Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Middle Class |
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71 | (22) |
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71 | (3) |
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74 | (18) |
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92 | (1) |
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7 Income Mobility and the Middle Class |
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93 | (10) |
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7.1 Methodology: Income Mobility |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (7) |
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7.2.1 Mobility Between Income Groups |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Mobility Within Income Groups |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (4) |
Appendices |
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107 | (6) |
References |
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113 | |