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El. knyga: Ecoviolence: Links Among Environment, Population, and Security

Edited by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Contributions by , Edited by , Contributions by
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Sep-1998
  • Leidėjas: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780742577756
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 03-Sep-1998
  • Leidėjas: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780742577756

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Ecoviolence explores links between environmental scarcities of key renewable resources-such as cropland, fresh water, and forests-and violent rebellions, insurgencies, and ethnic clashes in developing countries. Detailed contemporary studies of civil violence in Chiapas, Gaza, South Africa, Pakistan, and Rwanda show how environmental scarcity has played a limited to significant role in causing social instability in each of these contexts.

Ecoviolence explores links between environmental scarcities of key renewable resources_such as cropland, fresh water, and forests_and violent rebellions, insurgencies, and ethnic clashes in developing countries. Detailed contemporary studies of civil violence in Chiapas, Gaza, South Africa, Pakistan, and Rwanda show how environmental scarcity has played a limited to significant role in causing social instability in each of these contexts. Drawing upon theory and key findings from the case studies, the authors suggest that environmental scarcity will worsen in many poor countries in coming decades and will become an increasingly important cause of major civil violence.

Recenzijos

These days speculation is rampant about whether environmental stresses and scarcities are factors contributing to violent conflict within societies. This volumebased on carefully structured case studies from five very different countriesoffers a valuable reality check. Ecoviolence effectively demonstrates that the causal relationships between the environment and societal unrest are considerably more complex than is widely presumed. -- Marvin S. Soroos, North Carolina State University At last, Thomas Homer-Dixon and Jessica Blitt have brought together the products of a major research effort in one volume. This is a very readable book and highly recommended for all courses that deal with the environment and security. -- Dennis Pirages, University of Maryland at College Park In bringing together these separately published studies, the editors have provided a readable summary of the research projects. -- John I. Clarke, University of Durham, UK * Population and Development Review * Whether installing a Republican majority or a Democratic majority, and whether loathing or liking Congress, citizens' attraction to congressional incumbents continues to dominate vote choice to such an extent that it is difficult to see the largerpicture. By focusing on those races with no incumbent running, Gaddie and Bullock are able to provide a remarkably fresh look at the dynamics of modern House races. Along the way they offer surprising results and a clear refutation of the belief that there is nothing new to say about congressional elections. -- John R. Hibbing, University of Nebraska Throughout Ecoviolence, the various authors usually give carefully constructed accounts that avoid overstating the environmental case. Ecoviolence gives a much better picture of how environmental concerns can produce frequently unmanageable civil wars and regional warfare. * Journal of Conflict Studies * This is a fascinating and well-written analysis which is "must" reading for any course or other serious analysis of the interplay between the environment and popular uprisings in response to its continuing degradation. * American Society of International Law * "Whether installing a Republican majority or a Democratic majority, and

whether loathing or liking Congress, citizens' attraction to congressional incumbents continues to dominate vote choice to such an extent that it is difficult to see the larger picture. By focusing on those races with no incumbent running, Gaddie and Bullock are able to provide a remarkably fresh look at the dynamics of modern House races. Along the way they offer surprising results and a clear refutation of the belief that there is nothing new to say about congressional elections." -- John R. Hibbing, University of Nebraska Both the introduction and the case studies are illuminating and can be recommended as baskgrounds to investigations of environmental security. * Geographical Journal *

1 Introduction: A Theoretical Overview 1(18) Thomas Homer-Dixon Jessica Blitt Types of Environmental Change 2(3) Causes and Interactions 5(2) Adaptation Failures 7(2) Key Social Effects 9(1) Conflict 10(2) Project on Environment, Population, and Security 12(1) Case Studies 13(2) Conclusions 15(4) 2 The Case Of Chiapas, Mexico 19(48) Philip Howard Thomas Homer-Dixon Overview 19(1) Background 20(6) Environmental Scarcity 26(13) Resource Capture and Ecological Marginalization 39(9) Violent Conflict 48(6) Conclusions 54(13) 3 The Case of Gaza 67(42) Kimberley Kelly Thomas Homer-Dixon Overview 67(1) Background 68(5) Environmental Scarcity 73(10) Social Effects of Environmental Scarcity 83(12) Violent Conflict 95(3) Conclusions 98(11) 4 The Case Of South Africa 109(38) Valerie Percival Thomas Homer-Dixon Overview 109(1) Background 110(4) Environmental Scarcity 114(9) Social Effects of Environmental Scarcity 123(7) Violent Conflict 130(6) Conclusions 136(11) 5 The Case Of Pakistan 147(54) Peter Gizewski Thomas Homer-Dixon Overview 147(1) Background 148(8) Environmental Scarcity and the Pakistani State 156(3) Environmental Scarcity 159(11) Resource Capture and Ecological Marginalization 170(4) Social Effects of Environmental Scarcity 174(12) Violent Conflict 186(5) Conclusions 191(10) 6 The Case Of Rwanda 201(22) Valerie Percival Thomas Homer-Dixon Overview 201(1) Background 202(3) Environmental Scarcity 205(2) Social Effects of Environmental Scarcity 207(2) Ethnic Cleavages in Rwanda 209(1) Violent Conflict: Four Hypotheses Linking Environmental Scarcity and Conflict 210(7) Conclusions 217(6) 7 Key Findings 223(6) Thomas Homer-Dixon Jessica Blitt Index 229(8) About the Contributors 237
Thomas Homer-Dixon is associate professor of political science and director of the peace and conflict studies program at the University of Toronto. Jessica Blitt is an M.A. candidate at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs in Ottawa and an honors graduate of and former research assistant for the peace and conflict studies program at the University of Toronto.