Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

Elements of Relativity [Minkštas viršelis]

(Professor, University of California, Davis)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 324 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 248x189x16 mm, weight: 708 g, 180 BW and 21 color line figures, and 2 BW and 4 color halftones
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Jun-2018
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199658641
  • ISBN-13: 9780199658640
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Elements of RelativityDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 324 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 248x189x16 mm, weight: 708 g, 180 BW and 21 color line figures, and 2 BW and 4 color halftones
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Jun-2018
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199658641
  • ISBN-13: 9780199658640
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780199658640.html
Raktažodžiai:
This undergraduate textbook introduces relativity to a non-technical audience.

Relativity has much to offer for a well-rounded education. Yet books on relativity either assume a strong background in physics and math, aimed at advanced physics students, or, alternatively, offer a broad description with little intellectual challenge. This book bridges the gap. It aims at readers with essentially no physics or math background, who still find it rewarding to think rigorously. The book takes a "thinking tools" approach, by first making readers comfortable with a new thinking tool and then applying it to learn more about how nature works. By the end of the book, readers will have collected a versatile toolbox and will be comfortable using the tools to think about and really understand the intriguing phenomena they may have only heard about, including the twin paradox, black holes, and time travel.

End-of-chapter exercises span a range of difficulty, allowing adventurous readers to stretch their understanding further as desired. Students who have studied, or are studying, relativity at a more mathematical level will also find the book useful for a more conceptual understanding.

Recenzijos

The Elements of Relativity is unique: Wittman writes for students who lack a detailed physics background but who still wish to learn about the nature of space-time, black holes, and astronomical phenomena like gravitational lensing. The book successfully builds the necessary physics fundamentals at a reasonable pace to allow the reader to tackle the most sophisticated concepts by the end of the book. Highly recommended. * C. Palma, CHOICE *

Guide to the Reader xvii
1 A First Look at Relativity
1(12)
1.1 Coordinates and displacement
1(2)
1.2 Velocity
3(1)
1.3 Galilean velocity addition law
4(4)
1.4 Velocity is an arrow
8(1)
1.5 Symmetry and the principle of relativity
9(4)
Chapter summary
10(1)
Study advice
10(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
11(1)
Exercises
11(1)
Problems
12(1)
2 Acceleration and Force
13(9)
2.1 Acceleration
13(1)
2.2 Acceleration, force, and mass
14(2)
2.3 Accelerating frames and fictitious forces
16(1)
2.4 Inertial frames
17(5)
Chapter summary
18(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
19(1)
Exercises
19(1)
Problems
20(2)
3 Galilean Relativity
22(7)
3.1 Motion in two (or more) dimensions
22(1)
3.2 Projectile motion
23(1)
3.3 Principle of relativity
24(5)
Chapter summary
25(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
26(1)
Exercises
26(1)
Problems
26(3)
4 Reasoning with Frames and Spacetime Diagrams
29(14)
4.1 The river and the hat
29(3)
4.2 Frame-dependent versus frame-independent questions
32(1)
4.3 Coordinate grids of moving frames
33(2)
4.4 Transverse distances are always frame-independent
35(1)
4.5 Billiards
36(2)
4.6 Accelerated frames
38(2)
4.7 Assumptions
40(3)
Chapter summary
40(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
41(1)
Exercises
41(1)
Problems
42(1)
5 The Speed of Light
43(13)
5.1 Observation: the speed of light is frame-independent
43(2)
5.2 Implication: nothing can travel faster than c
45(2)
5.3 Implications for the velocity addition law
47(2)
5.4 Graphical interpretation
49(2)
5.5 Incomplete versus wrong models
51(5)
Chapter summary
53(1)
Further reading
53(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
54(1)
Exercises
54(1)
Problems
54(2)
6 Time Skew
56(18)
6.1 Simultaneity is frame-dependent
56(4)
6.2 Practice with skewed grids
60(5)
6.3 Time skew
65(2)
6.4 Causality
67(7)
Chapter summary
69(1)
Further reading
70(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
70(1)
Exercises
71(1)
Problems
72(2)
7 Time Dilation and Length Contraction
74(20)
7.1 Time dilation
74(1)
7.2 Light clocks and γ
75(5)
7.3 Length contraction and reciprocity
80(4)
7.4 Experimental proof
84(2)
7.5 Time dilation with spacetime diagrams
86(2)
7.6 Light clock along the direction of motion
88(6)
Chapter summary
90(1)
Further reading
90(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
90(1)
Exercises
91(1)
Problems
92(2)
8 Special Relativity: Putting it All Together
94(11)
8.1 Solving problems with spacetime diagrams
94(3)
8.2 Measuring the length of a moving object
97(1)
8.3 Train in tunnel paradox
98(2)
8.4 Velocity addition
100(1)
8.5 Clocks
101(4)
Further reading
102(1)
Problems
102(3)
9 Doppler Effect and Velocity Addition Law
105(12)
9.1 Doppler effect basics
105(2)
9.2 Doppler effect and special relativity
107(2)
9.3 Doppler law and applications
109(2)
9.4 Einstein velocity addition law
111(6)
Chapter summary
113(1)
Further reading
114(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
114(1)
Exercises
115(1)
Problems
115(2)
10 The Twin Paradox
117(15)
10.1 Alice and Bob communicate
117(2)
10.2 What Alice observes
119(2)
10.3 Changing frames
121(2)
10.4 Principle of longest proper time
123(3)
10.5 Faster-than-light speeds and time travel
126(6)
Chapter summary
129(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
129(1)
Exercises
130(1)
Problems
130(2)
11 Spacetime Geometry
132(15)
11.1 Geometry of space
132(2)
11.2 The spacetime metric
134(4)
11.3 Understanding the metric
138(3)
11.4 Spacetime geometry is hyperbolic
141(6)
Chapter summary
143(1)
Further reading
144(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
144(1)
Exercises
145(1)
Problems
145(2)
12 Energy and Momentum
147(19)
12.1 Energy and momentum (Galilean)
147(2)
12.2 Energy and momentum (including speeds near c)
149(2)
12.3 Energy-momentum relation
151(2)
12.4 E = mc2
153(5)
12.5 Energy budget for particles with mass
158(1)
12.6 Massless particles
159(7)
Chapter summary
162(1)
Further reading
162(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
163(1)
Exercises
164(1)
Problems
164(2)
13 The Equivalence Principle
166(14)
13.1 Gravity is special
166(1)
13.2 Equivalence principle
167(2)
13.3 Slow time
169(2)
13.4 Gravitational redshift
171(3)
13.5 Gravity disappears in freely falling frames
174(6)
Chapter summary
177(1)
Further reading
177(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
177(1)
Exercises
177(1)
Problems
178(2)
14 Gravity Refrained
180(11)
14.1 Maximizing proper time
180(4)
14.2 Metrics and the geodesic equation
184(3)
14.3 Graphical model
187(4)
Chapter summary
188(1)
Further reading
188(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
189(1)
Exercises
189(1)
Problems
189(2)
15 Potential
191(10)
15.1 Definition of potential
191(2)
15.2 The potential traces slow time
193(2)
15.3 Visualizing the potential
195(6)
Chapter summary
197(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
197(1)
Exercises
198(1)
Problems
199(2)
16 Newtonian Gravity
201(21)
16.1 Invisible string
201(3)
16.2 Fields and test masses
204(2)
16.3 Newton's law of universal gravitation
206(2)
16.4 Gravity in and around spheres
208(2)
16.5 Gravitational potential revisited
210(3)
16.6 Surface gravity and compact objects
213(2)
16.7 Tides
215(7)
Chapter summary
217(1)
Further reading
217(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
218(1)
Exercises
218(1)
Problems
219(3)
17 Orbits
222(15)
17.1 Circular orbits
222(3)
17.2 Elliptical orbits
225(2)
17.3 Symmetry of orbits
227(2)
17.4 Slingshot maneuver
229(1)
17.5 Dark matter versus modified gravity
230(1)
17.6 Masses of stars
231(1)
17.7 Extrasolar planets
232(5)
Chapter summary
233(1)
Further reading
234(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
234(1)
Exercises
235(1)
Problems
236(1)
18 General Relativity and the Schwarzschild Metric
237(26)
18.1 From Newton to Einstein
237(4)
18.2 Elements of general relativity
241(4)
18.3 The Einstein equation
245(3)
18.4 The Schwarzschild solution
248(2)
18.5 Curved space
250(4)
18.6 Observable consequences of the Schwarzschild metric
254(3)
18.7 Time versus space parts of the metric
257(6)
Chapter summary
258(1)
Further reading
259(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
260(1)
Exercises
260(1)
Problems
261(2)
19 Beyond the Schwarzschild Metric
263(20)
19.1 General relativity in context
263(1)
19.2 Gravitomagnetism
264(3)
19.3 Gravitational waves
267(3)
19.4 Gravitational lensing
270(3)
19.5 Cosmology
273(10)
Chapter summary
279(1)
Further reading
279(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
280(1)
Exercises
281(1)
Problems
281(2)
20 Black Holes
283(19)
20.1 What is a black hole?
283(3)
20.2 A closer look at the horizon
286(2)
20.3 Black holes in nature
288(4)
20.4 Facts and myths about black holes
292(3)
20.5 Spinning black holes
295(7)
Chapter summary
297(1)
Further reading
297(1)
Check your understanding: explanations
298(1)
Exercises
298(1)
Problems
299(3)
Index 302
David M. Wittman is a professor at the University of California, Davis. He has discovered millions of galaxies as co-PI of the Deep Lens Survey, which was awarded over 100 nights on 4-m telescopes to study a representative sample of the universe. But discovering millions of galaxies was just the easy part. He analyzed the galaxies' shapes to reveal subtle distortions caused by the gravitational fields of foreground masses, an effect called weak gravitational lensing. He was the first to detect cosmic shear, or weak lensing by the large-scale structure of the universe. He was also the first to detect a cluster of galaxies through its gravitational effects alone, and the first to combine source redshift information with lensing to probe structure in three dimensions (tomography).