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El. knyga: Ending Midlife Bias: New Values for Old Age

5.00/5 (2 ratings by Goodreads)
(Professor of Bioethics & Humanities, School of Medicine, School of Law, and Department of Philosophy, University of Washington)
  • Formatas: 272 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-May-2020
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780190949082
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Ending Midlife Bias: New Values for Old AgeDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 272 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-May-2020
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780190949082
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We live at a time when the human lifespan has increased like never before. As average lifespans stretch to new lengths, what impact should this have on our values? Should our values change over the course of our ever-increasing lifespans?

Nancy S. Jecker coins the term, the life stage relativity of values, to capture the idea that at different stages of our lives, different ethical concerns shift to the foreground. During early life, infants and small children hold dear the value of being cared for and nurtured by someone they trust--and their vulnerability and dependency make these the right values for them. By early adulthood and continuing into midlife, the capacity for greater physical and emotional independence gives people reason to place more emphasis on autonomy and the ability to freely choose and carry out their plan of life. During old age, heightened risk for chronic disease and disability gives us a reason to shift our focus again, emphasizing safeguarding our central capabilities and keeping our dignity and self-respect intact.
Despite different values becoming central at different stages of life, we often assume the standpoint of someone in midlife, who is in the midst of planning a future adulthood that stretches out before them. Jecker coins the term, midlife bias, to refer to the privileging of midlife. Midlife bias occurs when we assume that autonomy should be our central aim at all life stages and give it priority in a wide range of ethical decisions. The privileging of midlife raises fundamental problems of fairness. It also suggests the possibility of large gaps in the ethical principles and theories at hand.

Ending Midlife Bias: New Values for Old Age addresses these concerns in a step-wise fashion, focusing on later life. Jecker first introduces a philosophical framework that extends moral theorizing to older adults, addressing midlife bias, the life stage relativity of values, human capabilities and dignity, time's passage, the narrative self, and justice between old and young. She then turns to policy and practice and explores ethical issues in bioethics, long term care, personal robotic assistants, care of the dying and newly dead, ageism in medical research, the allocation of healthcare, mandatory retirement, and the future of population aging.

Recenzijos

The book is clearly written, thoroughly referenced, historically grounded, and thought provoking. Jecker's text will be welcomed by anyone with an interest in bioethics or aging who is willing to question the dominance customarily given to autonomy across the life-span. Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals. General readers. * M. D. Lagerwey, Western Michigan University * Jecker...provides an in-depth, scholarly analysis of Western bioethics values considered across the life-span, but the emphasis is on old age. Jecker's main argument is that values other than autonomy should be given more weight in stages other than midlife, and that failure to do so harms individuals and societies...The author builds her arguments logically, anticipating objections and systematically addressing them with ethical humility. The book is clearly written, thoroughly referenced, historically grounded, and thought provoking. Jecker's text will be welcomed by anyone with an interest in bioethics or aging who is willing to question the dominance customarily given to autonomy across the life-span... Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals. General readers. * CHOICE * The first 50 years of American bioethics focused attention on autonomy in relation to suffering, medical technology, and the end of life. Yet the long last stage of life * the decades from midlife through old ageis replete withĀmoral questions that transcend the framework of health care decision-making and are not limited to life's end. Societies such as the United States now face fresh ethical challenges presented by population aging. This major philosophical work by Nancy Jecker is a welcome addition to the task of bringing old age into view and articulating a conceptual and practical bioethics for our aging societies.Nancy Berlinger, The Hastings Center * Ending Midlife Bias is a unique, precisely argued, and compelling book which challenges the notion that the values of midlife are the measure of a good life. Readers have much to learn from Jecker's original conception of justice between generations and the moral principles that support it. A superb piece of scholarship with practical implications for everyday life. * Thomas R. Cole, McGovern Chair in Medical Humanities, The University of Texas at Houston * A comprehensive, highly readable examination of how different stages of life require different ethical analysis. Jecker's defense of often controversial claims is intriguing. * Paul T. Menzel, Pacific Lutheran University (emeritus) * Ending Midlife Bias is ambitious. It seeks to reshape basic assumptions in how we approach bioethics. I think it is a valuable read at two levels. On an individual level, it's food for thought. Readers are left to contemplate their biases and re-assess how they think about life itself including their own roles in an ongoing story. At a scholarly level, it confronts institutions and ethics councils with deeply ingrained biases that, if her critique is correct, corrupt even the most basic principles of bioethics...But Jecker may convince them that the fact that our values change over time has massive ethical significance. And that power makes Ending Midlife Bias a read worthy of our attention. * Caitlin Maples, The Journal of Value Inquiry *

List of Illustrations
ix
Acknowledgments xi
List of Abbreviations
xv
PART I THE PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMEWORK
1 Values Across the Lifespan
3(23)
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 The Life Stage Relativity of Values
4(11)
1.3 Aging and Old Age
15(3)
1.4 Life Stages
18(3)
1.5 Conclusion
21(5)
2 What Matters for Individuals in Later Life?
26(32)
2.1 Introduction
26(1)
2.2 Healthy Aging
27(3)
2.3 Dignity as Species Integrity
30(22)
2.4 Conclusion
52(6)
3 The Preferred Account of Human Capabilities
58(41)
3.1 Introduction
58(1)
3.2 Arguments for and Against Species Integrity
58(11)
3.3 Fleshing Out Capabilities
69(21)
3.4 Conclusion
90(9)
4 Time's Passage and the Narrative Self
99(28)
4.1 Introduction
99(1)
4.2 Dementia and the Narrative Self
100(12)
4.3 Narrative Identity
112(7)
4.4 Life Stage Sensitive Narratives
119(3)
4.5 Conclusion
122(5)
5 Justice between Old and Young
127(30)
5.1 Introduction
127(1)
5.2 Principles of Justice
127(12)
5.3 The Life Stage Approach
139(10)
5.4 Conclusion
149(8)
PART II POLICY AND PRACTICE
6 Healthcare Across the Lifespan
157(28)
6.1 Introduction
157(1)
6.2 Respecting Dignity in Later Life
158(12)
6.3 Letting Kids Be Kids
170(10)
6.4 Conclusion
180(5)
7 Who Cares?
185(28)
7.1 Introduction
185(3)
7.2 Family Caregiving and Filial Piety
188(11)
7.3 Migrant Caregiving and Global Care Chains
199(7)
7.4 Conclusion
206(7)
8 What Cares?
213(26)
8.1 Introduction
213(2)
8.2 Designing Robots for Later Life
215(8)
8.3 Can Carebots Care?
223(10)
8.4 Conclusion
233(6)
9 Ageism
239(36)
9.1 Introduction
239(3)
9.2 Excluding Older Adults from Clinical Trials
242(8)
9.3 Age-Based Rationing of Life-Saving Medical Care
250(7)
9.4 Mandatory Retirement
257(10)
9.5 Conclusion
267(8)
10 The Dying, the Newly Dead, and the Long Gone
275(32)
10.1 Introduction
275(1)
10.2 The Dying
276(11)
10.3 The Newly Dead
287(6)
10.4 The Long Gone
293(7)
10.5 Conclusion
300(7)
11 Future People
307(18)
11.1 Introduction
307(1)
11.2 Will the World Be Young Again?
308(5)
11.3 Should the World Be Young Again?
313(7)
11.4 Conclusion
320(5)
12 The Coming of Age of Old Age
325(10)
12.1 Introduction
325(2)
12.2 Rebirthing Moral Philosophy
327(3)
12.3 Rebirthing Bioethics
330(1)
12.4 Conclusion
331(4)
Name Index 335(2)
Subject Index 337
Nancy S. Jecker is a Professor of bioethics and philosophy at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Bioethics and Humanities. She holds a Visiting Professorship at the University of Johannesburg, African Centre for Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, and past visiting professorships at the National University of Singapore Center for Biomedical Ethics and the Chinese University of Hong Kong Centre for Bioethics. She is a three-time Rockefeller Foundation awardee, two-time National Endowment for the Humanities awardee, Brocher Foundation Visiting Researcher, and Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science International Fellow. Dr. Jecker was elected to the board of directors for the International Association of Bioethics (2019-2021) and the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities (2017-2019).
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