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Engineering Decisions for Life Quality: How Safe is Safe Enough? 2009 ed. [Kietas viršelis]

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  • Formatas: Hardback, 189 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 1040 g, XVII, 189 p., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Springer Series in Reliability Engineering
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Oct-2009
  • Leidėjas: Springer London Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 184882601X
  • ISBN-13: 9781848826014
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Engineering Decisions for Life Quality: How Safe is Safe Enough? 2009 ed.Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 189 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 1040 g, XVII, 189 p., 1 Hardback
  • Serija: Springer Series in Reliability Engineering
  • Išleidimo metai: 01-Oct-2009
  • Leidėjas: Springer London Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 184882601X
  • ISBN-13: 9781848826014
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781848826014.html
Raktažodžiai:
Engineering Decisions for Life Quality: How Safe is Safe Enough? provides a foundation and a theoretical basis for managing risk to an acceptable level under the real-world constraint of limited resources. The focus is not on risks as such, but on what can be done to maximize the positive outcomes of risk in terms of improvements to the quality of life.The principal focus of Engineering Decisions for Life Quality: How Safe is Safe Enough? is on the development of guidance for establishing rational standards of practice. Standards should meet the requirement of utilizing resources to achieve the maximum net overall benefit to society within society's capacity to commit such resources.The ideas discussed within this book will be of interest to engineers; advanced undergraduate and graduate students; public health officials; and risk specialists.

This text provides a foundation and a theoretical basis for managing risk to an acceptable level under the real-world constraint of limited resources. The principal focus is on the development of guidance for establishing rational standards of practice.

Recenzijos

Aus den Rezensionen:

... Das Buch richtet sich an Ingenieure, Studierende, Gesundheits- und Risikofachleute. Anwendungsbeispiele in den Bereichen Luftqualität, Nukleare Sicherheit, Hafenstädte mit hohem Überschwemmungsrisiko und optimale Konstruktion eines Hochwasserschutzdammes zeigen auf, wie die Methoden praktisch umgesetzt werden können. Ein inspirierendes Buch, das vieles bewusst und quantifizierbar macht ... (in: Bulletin electrosuisse, 22/January/2010, S. 63)

The Societal Capacity to Commit Resources
1(16)
Introduction
1(2)
Resource Scarcity
3(1)
Societal Capacity to Commit Resources (SCCR)
4(1)
Background
5(2)
Risk in the Context of Human Development
7(2)
Principles for Managing Risk
9(2)
The Life Quality Index (LQI)
11(2)
Summary
13(4)
References
14(3)
Social Indicators for Managing Risk
17(20)
Social Indicators
17(3)
The Human Development Index
18(2)
The Life Quality Index
20(3)
Rationale for Use of Life Expectancy and GDP
23(4)
Quality Adjustment of Life Expectancy: The Real GDP per Capita
27(1)
The LQI as a Tool for Managing Risk
28(1)
How to Make Decisions About Life Risks
28(1)
General Criterion of Acceptability
29(1)
Societal Capacity to Commit Resources
30(3)
Summary
33(4)
References
34(3)
Judging Risks Using the Life Quality Method
37(14)
Introduction
37(1)
Benefit---Cost Analysis by the LQI Method
38(1)
Illustrative Application
39(6)
Context
39(1)
Estimation of Change in Life Expectancy
40(1)
Example Calcuations
41(4)
Discounting Models in LQI Method
45(4)
Exponential Discounting Function
45(1)
Hyperbolic Discounting Function
46(1)
Quasi-hyperbolic Discounting Function
47(1)
Illustration
47(2)
Summary
49(2)
References
50(1)
Air Quality Standards
51(18)
Introduction
51(2)
Canada-Wide Standards (CWS) on Air Quality
53(7)
Scientific Context
53(1)
Background to the Development of the Canada-Wide Standards
54(1)
Approach Used to Set Air Pollution Standards
55(3)
Limitations of the CWSDC Analysis
58(2)
Applying LQI to the Air Pollution Case Study
60(7)
Empirical Validation
63(1)
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Pollution Control Options
64(3)
Summary
67(2)
References
67(2)
Nuclear Safety
69(16)
Context
69(8)
Justifiable Expenditure
70(2)
Utility Function for Longevity
72(1)
Discounting
73(1)
Societal Capacity to Commit Resources
73(2)
Illustrative Calculation
75(1)
Empirical Validation
76(1)
Applications to Risk of Ionizing Radiation Exposure
77(1)
Application to Nuclear Safety Design Features
78(3)
Conclusions
81(1)
Summary
82(3)
References
82(3)
Port Cities with High Exposure to Flood
85(10)
Background
85(1)
Data
86(2)
Exposure Analysis and Assessment
88(2)
Risk Assessment
90(2)
Discussion
92(1)
Summary
93(2)
References
93(2)
Optimal Design of a Flood Protection Levee
95(12)
Introduction
95(2)
Discounting Risk and Cash Flow
97(1)
Cross-Entropy Estimation
97(2)
Flood Control Design Example
99(5)
Summary
104(3)
References
104(3)
Closure
107(6)
Managing Risk Strategically
107(2)
Principles for Managing Risk
109(1)
Conclusions
110(3)
References
111(2)
A Derivation of LQI
113(18)
Introduction
113(1)
The Utility Function
114(2)
Technical Concepts and Definitions
116(4)
Elasticity of a Function
116(1)
Indifference Curve
117(1)
Marginal Rate of Substitution
118(1)
Elasticity of Substitution
119(1)
Remarks
119(1)
The Role of GDP in LQI
120(3)
Definition of GDP
120(1)
Measurement of GDP
121(1)
Expenditure Method
121(1)
Income Method
121(1)
GDP as an Indicator of Welfare
122(1)
Production of GDP
123(4)
Production Function
123(1)
Key Assumptions of Production Economics
123(3)
Economics of Labor-Leisure Trade Off
126(1)
Derivation of the LQI
127(2)
Summary
129(2)
References
129(2)
B Discounting
131(30)
Introduction
131(1)
The Canadian Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide (2007)
132(4)
Rational approaches to discount rates
133(1)
Discount rates
134(2)
Benefit-Cost Analysis Guide, Treasury Board of Canada
136(4)
The Fiscal Discount Rate
137(1)
The Social Discount Rate
137(1)
The Rate-of-Time Preference for Consumption
138(1)
Strategic Effects of High and Low Discount Rates
138(1)
The Discount Rate as a Risk Variable
139(1)
Best Practice - Inflation Adjustments and Discounting
139(1)
US Office of Management and Budget (OMB) A94: Guidelines for Benefit-Cost Analysis of Federal Programs
140(2)
General Principles
140(1)
Discount Rate Policy
141(1)
Real Versus Nominal Discount Rates
141(1)
Public Investment and Regulatory Analyses
141(1)
The UK Treasury Green Book
142(8)
Introduction
142(1)
Social Time Preference Rate
142(2)
Long-Term Discount Rates
144(6)
Discounting Risks in the Far Future
150(11)
Introduction
150(3)
Financing Horizon
153(1)
Equivalence Principle
154(1)
Application
154(3)
Discussion
157(1)
Conclusions
158(1)
References
158(3)
C Calibration of the LQI
161(12)
Calibration
161(7)
Summary
168(5)
References
172(1)
D The Life Table and Its Construction
173(14)
Introduction
173(2)
Explanation of Life Table Variables
175(2)
Explanation of the Modified Life Table, Table D.2
177(1)
Life Table Data
177(10)
References
186(1)
Index 187
J.S. Nathwani is Professor and Ontario Research Chair in Public Policy for Sustainable Energy Management at the Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Waterloo, Canada. He is also Executive Director at the Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy and Director of the Institute for Risk Research. Professor Nathwani holds a BSc, MSc and PhD in Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry from the University of Toronto.



M.D. Pandey is Professor and NSERC-UNENE Industrial Research Chair for the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada. He has a BEng degree in Civil Engineering from Bhopal University, India, as well as an MSc and PhD in the same subject from the University of Waterloo.



N.C. Lind is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Waterloo, Canada. He received his MSc in Civil and Structural Engineering from the Technical University of Denmark and his PhD in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics fron the University of Illinois.