Atnaujinkite slapukų nuostatas

Environmental Law Handbook 19th ed. [Kietas viršelis]

3.73/5 (17 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 958 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 238x161x54 mm, weight: 1330 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Jun-2007
  • Leidėjas: Government Institutes
  • ISBN-10: 0865870241
  • ISBN-13: 9780865870246
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 958 pages, aukštis x plotis x storis: 238x161x54 mm, weight: 1330 g
  • Išleidimo metai: 10-Jun-2007
  • Leidėjas: Government Institutes
  • ISBN-10: 0865870241
  • ISBN-13: 9780865870246
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:

Now in its 34th year, this updated industry standard provides readers with a comprehensive, up-to-date, and easy-to-read look at the 14 major environmental, health and safety laws affecting U.S. businesses and organizations.

This Nineteenth Edition references all regulatory changes made in the last two years, including EPA's new joint enforcement initiative with OSHA, changes to the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, current enforcement and liability trends, and recent developments affecting the Clean Air Act. It also addresses new issues affecting air permitting of industrial facilities, developments in the new source review controversy, the first revision of the Oil Pollution Act's limits of liability, and EPA's new "All Appropriate Inquiries" rule.

No matter what your title-manager, engineer, professional, or student-you'll find yourself turning to the reference again and again for practical legal insight into the 14 major environmental, health and safety laws that affect U.S. businesses and organizations, including Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Clean Air Act, Toxic Substances Control Act, Pollution Prevention Act, and Occupational Safety and Health Act.

You'll find easy-to-read explanations of the requirements, sample and cited cases, a section of research sources at the end of every chapter, and a detailed Table of Contents and index that make finding what you need easy.



This Nineteenth Edition references all regulatory changes made in the last two years and provides legal insight into understanding the requirements of the environmental laws. It examines all of the issues and changes that have arisen since the publication of the Nineteenth Edition.
Preface xxvii
About the Authors xxix
Fundamentals of Environmental Law
Environmental Law as a System
1(3)
Defining the Subject Matter: What Is Environmental Law?
4(2)
How a Federal or State Environmental Law Is Adopted
5(1)
How Environmental Regulations Are Issued
5(1)
Laws that Establish Compliance Obligations
6(5)
Major Environmental Laws
6(1)
State Statutes and Regulations Implementing the Federal Statutes
6(1)
State Laws Independent of the Federal Requirements
7(2)
Tax Laws
9(1)
Business Regulatory Laws
9(1)
Local and Municipal Laws
10(1)
Environmental Law and Judicial Decisions
10(1)
Common Law
10(1)
Common Law Environmental Requirements: Torts
11(14)
Nuisance
12(6)
Trespass
18(2)
Negligence
20(1)
Strict Liability and Dangerous Substances
21(4)
Laws that Enforce Permits, Prohibitions, and Penalties
25(3)
Permits
25(1)
Enforcement Provisions of the Federal and State Environmental Statutes
26(1)
General Purpose Criminal Laws
26(2)
Laws that Define the Environmental Law Framework
28(34)
The Organic Laws: Constitutions and Charters
29(5)
The Courts' Role
34(9)
Defining the Limits of Governmental Authority
43(11)
Administrative Law and Procedure
54(3)
Rules of Evidence
57(5)
Joint and Several Liability, Indemnity, and Contribution
62(2)
Environmental Compliance Principles
64(1)
Importance of Knowledge of Environmental Law
65(1)
Research Sources
65(2)
Enforcement and Liability
Introduction
67(1)
Enforcement Trends
68(3)
Civil vs. Criminal Enforcement
69(1)
Remedy Preferences
70(1)
Statute-by-Statute Enforcement
71(1)
General Concepts of Enforcement and Liability
71(6)
Enforcement Purposes
72(1)
Applicable Law
73(1)
Compliance Monitoring
74(1)
Enforcement Remedies
75(1)
Enforcement Authority
76(1)
Civil Enforcement and Liability
77(15)
Introduction
77(1)
Statute-Specific Principles of Liability and Defense
77(1)
Statutory Standard of Contact
78(1)
Statutory Defenses
78(4)
Agreed-Upon Principles of Enforcement and Defense
82(2)
Agency Principles and Policies
84(6)
Progression of a Civil Enforcement Proceeding
90(2)
Private Civil Enforcement by Citizen Suits
92(4)
Criminal Enforcement and Liability
96(16)
Approaches and Defenses to Criminal Liability
96(9)
Agency Principles and Policies
105(2)
Progression of an Enforcement Proceeding
107(5)
Avoidance and Mitigation of Environmental Enforcement and Liability
112(8)
Corporate Systems for Environmental Assessment
113(2)
Corporate Systems for Environmental Management
115(2)
Corporate Transactions
117(3)
New Trends in Enforcement and Liability
120(8)
SEC Compliance and Investor Relations
120(1)
Financial Accounting Standards
121(1)
Natural Resource Damages
122(2)
New Source Review
124(1)
Compliance History Scoring (Texas)
125(1)
State Attorneys General
126(2)
Final Thoughts
128(2)
Cyclical Environmental Law
128(1)
Science Matters
128(1)
Technology Brings Its Own Headaches
129(1)
Agency Discretion
129(1)
Cross-Border Issues
130(1)
Conclusion
130(1)
Research Sources
131(2)
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Overview
133(3)
Policy Goals and Objectives of RCRA
136(1)
Definition of Solid and Hazardous Waste
137(1)
Subtitle C: Hazardous Waste Management Program
138(38)
Identification of Hazardous Wastes
138(11)
Notification of Hazardous Waste Management Activities
149(1)
Generators of Hazardous Waste
149(5)
Transporters of Hazardous Wastes
154(2)
Treatment, Storage, and Disposal (TSD) Facilities
156(11)
Permits
167(5)
State Hazardous Waste Programs
172(1)
Inspection
172(1)
Civil and Criminal Enforcement Actions
173(2)
Citizen Suits
175(1)
Imminent Hazard Actions
175(1)
Enforcement and Compliance History Online
176(1)
State Solid Waste Programs under Subtitle D
176(1)
Federal Facility Compliance
177(5)
Waiver of Sovereign Immunity
177(1)
Federal Employee Protection and Exposure
178(1)
EPA Administrative Orders
179(1)
EPA Annual Inspections of Federal Facilities
179(1)
Public Vessel Exemption
179(1)
Unserviceable Munitions
180(2)
Other Federal Responsibilities
182(1)
Research, Development, Demonstration, and Information
182(1)
Conclusion
183(1)
Research Sources
183(2)
Underground Storage Tanks
Overview
185(5)
Objectives of the UST Program
187(3)
Basic Terminology
190(4)
Underground Storage Tank Systems
190(3)
Regulated Substances
193(1)
Owners and Operators
193(1)
Implementation and Enforcement
194(2)
Implementation
194(1)
Enforcement
195(1)
Summary of Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
196(4)
Reporting Requirements
197(1)
Recordkeeping Requirements
198(2)
New UST Systems
200(5)
Notification Requirements
200(1)
Performance Standards
201(4)
Existing UST Systems
205(3)
Notification Requirements
205(1)
Upgrading of Existing UST Systems
206(1)
Enforcement of Upgrade Requirements
207(1)
General Operating Requirements
208(2)
Spill and Overfill Control
208(1)
Operation and Maintenance of Corrosion Protection Systems
209(1)
Substance Compatibility
209(1)
UST System Repairs
209(1)
Inspections
210(1)
Release Detection
211(2)
General Requirements and Schedule
211(1)
Methods of Release Detection for Tanks and Piping
211(1)
Specific Requirements for Petroleum USTs
212(1)
Specific Requirements for Hazardous Substance
212(1)
Release Reporting, Investigation, and Response
213(10)
Overview
213(1)
Reporting of Suspected Releases
214(1)
Release Investigation and Confirmation
215(1)
Initial Release Response
215(1)
Initial Abatement Measures
216(1)
Initial Site Characterization
216(1)
Free Product Removal
217(1)
Investigations for Soil and Groundwater Cleanup
217(1)
Reporting and Cleanup of Spills and Overfills
218(1)
Corrective Action Plan
218(1)
Evolving Approach to Petroleum UST Cleanups
219(3)
USTfields Initiative and Recycling Abandoned Gas Stations (RAGS)
222(1)
Closure of UST Systems
223(1)
Temporary Closure
223(1)
Permanent Closure/Change-in-Service
223(1)
Financial Responsibility Requirements
224(3)
Applicability and Compliance Dates
224(1)
Amount and Scope of Financial Responsibility Required
225(1)
Allowable Financial Responsibility Mechanisms
225(1)
Available State UST Cleanup Funds
226(1)
Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
227(1)
Conclusion
227(1)
Research Sources
228(3)
Clean Air Act
Overview
231(1)
CAA Regulatory Programs
232(57)
Air Quality Regulation
232(15)
New Source Control Programs
247(17)
Specific Pollution Problems
264(14)
Operating Permit Program
278(11)
Enforcement of the CAA
289(6)
Civil Enforcement
289(2)
Criminal Penalties
291(1)
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
292(1)
Compliance Audits
293(2)
Enforcement Priorities
295(1)
Legislative Proposals: The CAA and Climate Change
295(2)
Conclusion
297(1)
Research Sources
297(2)
Clean Water Act
Overview
299(1)
Brief History of the CWA
299(1)
Clean Water Act Goals and Policies
300(1)
Elements of the CWA
301(1)
The Discharge Prohibition
302(5)
Addition
302(1)
Pollutant
303(1)
Point Source
303(1)
Navigable Waters (``Waters of the United States'')
304(3)
The NPDES Permit Program
307(27)
What Is an NPDES Permit?
307(1)
What Discharges Require an NPDES Permit?
307(1)
State and Federal Roles
308(1)
The Permit Process
309(3)
NPDES Permit Conditions
312(1)
Monitoring Requirements
313(1)
Effluent Limitations
314(14)
Storm-Water Discharges
328(4)
Combined Sewer Overflows and Sanitary Sewer Overflows
332(1)
Thermal Discharges
332(1)
Ocean Discharges
333(1)
The Pretreatment Program
334(4)
General Prohibitions
335(1)
Specific Prohibitions
335(1)
National Categorical Standards
336(1)
Removal Credits
336(1)
Local Limits
337(1)
Pretreatment Program Enforcement
337(1)
Nonpoint-Source Discharges
338(2)
The Section 319 Program
338(1)
Coastal Zone Management Program
339(1)
National Estuary Program
339(1)
Dredge and Fill Permits
340(5)
Waters within the Scope of the Program
340(1)
Covered Activities
340(1)
Individual Permits
341(2)
The Mitigation Policy
343(1)
Nationwide Permits
344(1)
Potential Liabilities under the Section 404 Program
345(1)
Preventing, Reporting, and Responding to Spills
345(6)
Spill Prevention
345(4)
Spill Notification
349(1)
Spill Response and Liability
350(1)
Enforcement
351(12)
Federal and State Roles
351(1)
Enforcement Theories
352(1)
Defenses
353(4)
Enforcement Options
357(1)
Administrative Order
357(1)
Civil Judicial Enforcement
358(2)
Criminal Enforcement
360(1)
Citizen Suits
361(2)
Research Sources
363(2)
Oil Pollution Act
Overview
365(3)
Background
368(2)
Title I: Oil Pollution Liability and Compensation
370(5)
Definitions
370(5)
Elements of Liability
375(5)
Standard of Liability
375(1)
Removal Costs and Spill Response
376(2)
Compensatory Damages
378(2)
Interest
380(1)
Natural Resource Damages
380(11)
NRDA Regulations
384(3)
Application of NRDA Regulations
387(4)
Defenses to Liability
391(2)
Third-Party Liability
392(1)
Limits on Liability
393(2)
Standard for Limiting OPA Liability
393(1)
Specific Liability Limits
394(1)
Adjustment of Liability Limits
395(1)
Recovery by a Foreign Claimant
395(1)
Recovery by a Responsible Party
396(1)
Contribution and Indemnification
396(1)
Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund
396(3)
Principle Sections
397(1)
Preservation of State Funds
397(1)
Funding of the Fund
397(1)
Uses of the Fund
398(1)
Claims
399(3)
Designation of the Source and Advertisement
400(1)
Procedure
400(2)
Financial Responsibility
402(3)
Calculation of Financial Responsibility Amounts
402(1)
Methods of Demonstrating Financial Responsibility
402(1)
Role of the Guarantor
403(1)
Vessels
403(1)
Financial Responsibility Regulations for Vessels
403(2)
Financial Responsibility for Facilities
405(1)
Subrogation
405(1)
Litigation and Jurisdiction
406(1)
Jurisdiction
406(1)
Limitations
406(1)
Relationship to Other Laws
406(4)
Preservation of State Oil Spill Liability Law
407(1)
Preservation of Federal Laws
407(1)
Federal Preemption under the Locke Case
407(3)
Title II: Conforming Amendments
410(1)
Title III: International Oil Pollution Prevention and Removal
410(1)
Title IV: Prevention and Removal
411(1)
Subtitle A: Prevention
411(7)
Licensing Requirements and Drug and Alcohol Testing
411(1)
Foreign Tank Vessel Manning Standards
412(1)
Tank Vessel Manning
412(1)
Marine Casualty Reporting
413(1)
Pilotage and Tug Escort Requirements
413(1)
Studies and Regulations (Sections 4107--4113)
414(1)
Double-Hull Requirements for Tank Vessels
415(3)
Subtitle B: Removal
418(11)
Federal Removal Authority
419(1)
State and Local Removal Authority
420(1)
Responder Immunity
420(1)
National Planning and Response System
421(1)
Vessel and Facility Response Plans
422(7)
Subtitle C: Penalties
429(5)
CWA Criminal Penalties
430(3)
Civil Penalties
433(1)
Title VII: Research and Development Program
434(1)
Research Sources
435(2)
Safe Drinking Water Act
Perspectives on Water
437(2)
Objectives of the SDWA
439(1)
Who Are the Regulators?
440(1)
Who Are the Regulated?
441(3)
The Basic Scheme of Regulation
444(13)
Radionuclides
449(1)
Sulfate
450(1)
Disinfectants and By-Products Rule
450(1)
Surface Water Treatment Rule
451(1)
Groundwater Disinfection Rule
452(1)
Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
453(1)
Lead/Copper Rule
453(2)
Arsenic
455(1)
Judicial Review of MCLs
455(1)
Periodic Review of NPDWRs
456(1)
Enforcement of the SDWA
457(6)
Public Notice Requirements
457(1)
State Enforcement
457(1)
EPA Enforcement
458(2)
Citizens' Suits
460(1)
Preemption
461(1)
Criminal Matters
462(1)
Utility Enforcement
462(1)
Alternatives to Strict Compliance
463(4)
Variances
463(1)
Small System Variances
464(1)
Exemptions
464(1)
Monitoring Relief
465(1)
Litigation
466(1)
Information Collection Rule
467(1)
Consumer Confidence Reports
468(2)
Funding Opportunities
470(1)
Other Provisions
471(8)
Lead
471(2)
Operator Certification
473(1)
Capacity
473(1)
Underground Water Protection
474(2)
Tampering
476(1)
Coolers
476(1)
Bottled Water
476(1)
Monitoring of Unregulated Contaminants
477(1)
Conservation
478(1)
Volatile Organic Compounds
478(1)
Records and Access
479(1)
Occurrence Database
479(1)
Source Water Quality Assessment
479(2)
Related Requirements
481(1)
Compliance and Claims
482(1)
Security Issues
482(1)
Conclusion
483(1)
Research Sources
484(3)
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Introduction
487(3)
CERCLA's History and Objectives
487(2)
Overview of CERCLA's Provisions
489(1)
The Superfund
489(1)
Sources of CERCLA Law
490(1)
Important CERCLA Terms
490(6)
Hazardous Substance and Pollutant or Contaminant
490(3)
Release or Threat of Release
493(1)
Facility or Vessel
494(1)
Environment
495(1)
National Priorities List
495(1)
National Contingency Plan
496(1)
CERCLA's Remedial Provisions
496(11)
EPA's Authority to Act
496(1)
Categories of Response Actions
497(1)
Steps in the Remedial Process
498(9)
CERCLA's Liability Provisions
507(39)
Overview
507(1)
CERCLA's Operative Concepts
508(5)
EPA's Enforcement Policy
513(1)
Identifying Responsible Parties
513(2)
Response Cost Recovery Actions
515(13)
CERCLA Section 106 Abatement Actions
528(1)
CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Orders
529(4)
Defenses to Liability
533(5)
Citizen Suit Provisions
538(1)
Natural Resources Damages
539(4)
Contribution Actions
543(3)
Settlements with EPA
546(6)
Overview
546(1)
Controlling Authority
546(1)
Consent Decrees and Consent Orders
547(1)
Major Settlement Issues
548(4)
Release Reporting Requirements
552(2)
Federal Facilities
554(1)
Superfund's Future
555(2)
Research Sources
557(2)
National Environmental Policy Act
Overview
559(1)
NEPA's Development
560(3)
Legislative History
561(1)
Policy and Goals
561(1)
The CEQ
562(1)
Requirements for Federal Agencies
563(8)
CEQ Regulations
564(3)
Relationship to Other Federal Laws
567(2)
Functional Equivalency
569(2)
Strategic Approaches to NEPA Compliance
571(6)
Nonmajor Actions
571(1)
Formulating the Proposal
571(2)
Purpose and Need
573(1)
Integrating Long-Range Planning and NEPA
574(1)
Tiering
575(1)
EAs
576(1)
EIS Preparation
577(12)
Lead Agency
577(1)
Scoping and Early Coordination
578(1)
Use of the EA and Applicant's Information
579(1)
Delegation
579(1)
Content of EIS
580(3)
Commenting and Public Involvement
583(2)
Mitigation of Impacts
585(1)
Proposals for Legislation
586(1)
Cumulative Effects
587(2)
Supplemental Statements
589(1)
NEPA's Extraterritorial Application
589(1)
Environmental Justice
590(2)
EPA Review and Comment
592(1)
Judicial Review of NEPA
593(3)
CEQ Study of NEPA's Effectiveness
596(2)
NEPA Task Force
598(2)
NEPA and Transportation
600(5)
Participating Agencies
601(1)
Coordination Plan Required
602(1)
Purpose and Need Statement
602(1)
Environmental Review Process
603(1)
Statute of Limitations on Challenges
604(1)
Delegation of Categorical Exclusions
604(1)
Conclusion
605(1)
Research Sources
605(2)
Toxic Substances Control Act
Introduction
607(1)
Activities Subject to TSCA
608(3)
Manufacture
608(1)
Process
609(1)
Use
610(1)
Distribute
611(1)
Dispose
611(1)
The TSCA Inventory
611(6)
Initial Compilation of the Inventory
612(2)
Inventory Corrections
614(1)
Maintaining and Updating the Inventory Database
614(1)
How to Use the Inventory
615(2)
New Chemical Review
617(10)
PMN Requirements
617(1)
Exclusions from PMN Requirements
618(1)
Exemptions from PMN Requirements
619(6)
Nanotechnology
625(2)
Preparing the PMN and Seeing It through EPA
627(3)
Manufacturer's PMN Selection Strategy
628(1)
Minimizing Delays
629(1)
Avoiding Unnecessary Regulation under TSCA § 5
629(1)
EPA's Review of the PMN and Use of Checklists
630(1)
Regulation of New Chemicals and Uses
630(8)
EPA Regulation under TSCA § 5(e)
630(3)
EPA Regulation under TSCA § 5(f)
633(1)
Significant New Use Rules
634(4)
Biotechnology
638(5)
1986 Framework for Regulation of Biotechnology Products
639(1)
Guidance Documents on PMN Submissions for Biotechnology Products
639(1)
The EPA Biotechnology PMN Review Process
639(1)
The EPA's Biotechnology Policy: The Final Rule
640(3)
Testing under TSCA
643(9)
Selection of Chemicals for Testing
643(1)
Testing Triggers
644(2)
Tests and Studies under TSCA § 4
646(2)
Exemptions from Testing
648(1)
Reimbursement Procedures
649(1)
Judicial Review
650(1)
TSCA § 4(f) Findings of Significant Risk
651(1)
Reporting and Retention of Information
652(6)
TSCA § 8(a): Reports
652(2)
TSCA § 8(c): Records of Significant Adverse Reactions
654(1)
TSCA § 8(d): Health and Safety Studies
654(2)
TSCA § 8(e): Substantial Risk Information
656(2)
Existing Chemical Regulation
658(6)
Procedures and Standards for TSCA § 6 Regulation
658(1)
Chemical-Specific Regulations
659(5)
Relationship between TSCA and Other Laws
664(2)
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
664(1)
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA)
664(1)
TSCA's Relationship to Other Federal Laws
665(1)
TSCA Preemption of State and Local Laws
665(1)
TSCA Inspections and Enforcement
666(14)
Inspections
666(3)
Civil Penalties
669(8)
Settlement Procedures
677(1)
Administrative Hearings
677(1)
Criminal Liability
678(1)
Citizen Actions and Petitions
679(1)
Importation and Exportation
680(5)
Import Regulation: TSCA § 13
680(3)
Export Regulation: TSCA § 12
683(2)
Research Sources
685(2)
Pesticides
Background to the Federal Regulation of Pesticides
687(3)
Overview
688(1)
Early Efforts at Pesticide Regulations
688(2)
Pesticide Regulation Transferred to the Environmental Protection Agency
690(1)
Overview of FIFRA and Amendments
690(3)
Background to FIFRA and the 1972 FEPCA
691(1)
Subsequent FIFRA Amendments: An Overview
692(1)
Pesticide Registration
693(10)
Definition of Pesticides, Pests, and Devices
693(1)
Pesticide Registration Procedures
694(2)
Conditional Registration
696(1)
Streamlining of Reregistration
697(1)
Registration of ``Me-Too'' Pesticides
698(1)
Registration Fees
698(1)
Categorical Pesticide Review
698(1)
Efficacy
699(1)
Modifications and Transfers of Registrations
699(1)
Trade Secrets
699(2)
``Featherbedding'' or ``Me-Too'' Registrants
701(2)
Essentiality in Registration
703(1)
Control over Pesticide Usage
703(4)
Statutory Basis for Control over Pesticide Usage through Certification
704(1)
Self-Certification of Private Applicators
705(1)
Experimental Use Permits
705(1)
Two-House Congressional Veto over EPA Regulations
706(1)
Removal of Pesticides from the Market
707(10)
Cancellation
707(1)
Suspension
708(3)
Misbranding and Stop-Sale Orders
711(1)
International Effect of EPA Cancellations
711(1)
Disposal and Recall
712(1)
Compensation for Canceled Pesticides
713(1)
Balancing Test in FIFRA
714(1)
Requirements of Consultation by EPA with the USDA
714(1)
Economic Impact on Agriculture Statement
715(1)
Scientific Advisory Committees
715(2)
Administrative and Judicial Review
717(4)
Scope of the Administrator's Flexibility
717(1)
Standing for Registration, Appeals, and Subpoenas
718(2)
Judicial Appeals
720(1)
The Role of Public Hearings
721(1)
Role of States and Localities
721(4)
Intrastate Registrations
722(1)
Greater State Authority
722(1)
Federal Preemption and State Authority
723(2)
Litigation Issues
725(5)
Basic Cases
726(1)
Labels in Theory and Practice
727(1)
Fraudulent Registrations
728(1)
Coming Litigation
729(1)
Exports and Imports
730(1)
Amendments to FIFRA
731(2)
Need for FIFRA Renewal
731(1)
Hogtie the EPA: 1975 Amendments to FIFRA
732(1)
Data Compensation Changed: 1978 Amendments to FIFRA
732(1)
Two-House Veto: 1980 Amendments to FIFRA
732(1)
FIFRA Lite: 1988 Amendments to FIFRA
733(1)
Minor Pesticide Uses: 1990 Amendments to FIFRA
733(1)
Bye-Bye Delaney: 1996 Amendments to FIFRA
733(1)
Fees and Timetables: 2003 PRIA Amendments to FIFRA
733(1)
Food Quality Protection Act of 1996
733(4)
Regulatory Dilemma under the Delaney Clause
734(1)
Demise of Delaney
734(1)
Public Health Pesticides
735(1)
Infants and Children
735(1)
Human Test Data
736(1)
Other Provisions of FQPA
737(1)
Pesticide Regulation under Other Federal Statutes
737(7)
Pesticides under FDCA
738(2)
Clean Air Act of 1970 and Its Progeny
740(1)
Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972
740(2)
Solid Waste Disposal Acts
742(1)
Occupational Safety and Health Act
742(1)
Federal Hazardous Substances Act
742(1)
Federal Pesticide Monitoring Programs
743(1)
National Environmental Policy Act
743(1)
Biotechnology
744(3)
The Promise and Fear of Biotechnology
744(1)
The Initial Controversy over Regulating Biotechnology
745(2)
``Frankenfood'' Enforcement
747(1)
Research Sources
747(2)
Pollution Prevention Act
Overview
749(1)
Federal Pollution Prevention Strategy
750(18)
Background
750(1)
EPA's Pollution Prevention Strategy
751(1)
EPA's Pollution Prevention Programs in the 1990s
751(12)
EPA's Pollution Prevention Programs after 2000
763(5)
The Pollution Prevention Programs of Several States
768(3)
Mandatory Waste Reduction Programs
768(1)
Multimedia Permit Programs and Other Regulatory Innovations
769(1)
Voluntary Technical Assistance Programs
770(1)
Conclusion
771(1)
Research Sources
771(2)
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
Background
773(2)
Emergency Planning and Notification
775(13)
State Commissions, Planning Districts, and Local Committees (Section 301)
775(1)
Substances and Facilities Covered and Notification (Section 302)
776(2)
Comprehensive Emergency Response Plans (Section 303)
778(2)
Emergency Notification in the Event of a Release (Section 304)
780(7)
Emergency Training and Review of Emergency Systems (Section 305)
787(1)
Reporting Requirements
788(22)
Material Safety Data Sheet Reporting Requirements (Section 311)
788(3)
Hazardous Chemical Inventory Form Reporting Requirements (Section 312)
791(4)
Toxic Chemical Release Reporting Requirements (Section 313)
795(14)
Common EPCRA Compliance Errors
809(1)
Relationship to Other Laws (Section 321)
810(1)
Pollution Prevention Act of 1990
810(1)
Trade Secrets (Sections 322 and 323)
811(1)
Public Access to Information (Section 324)
812(1)
Enforcement (Section 325)
812(1)
Emergency Planning Violations
812(1)
Emergency Notification Violations
812(1)
Section 311 Reporting Violations
812(1)
Section 312 and 313 Reporting Violations
813(1)
Section 322 and 323 Trade-Secret Violations
813(1)
Civil Actions (Section 326)
813(4)
Citizen Suits
813(3)
State or Local Government Suits
816(1)
Costs
816(1)
Federal Acquisition and Community Right to Know
817(1)
Internet Developments and TRI Reporting
818(1)
Research Sources
818(3)
Occupational Safety and Health Act
Overview
821(2)
Comparison of OSHA and EPA
822(1)
OSHA, the Organization
822(1)
Legislative Framework
823(4)
Purpose of the Act
823(1)
Coverage of the Act
824(1)
Exemptions from the Act
825(1)
Telecommuting and Home Workplaces
826(1)
Scope of OSHA Standards
827(3)
Areas Covered by the OSHA Standards
827(1)
Overview of Standards
828(1)
Overview of Health Standards
829(1)
Overview of Safety Standards
829(1)
Standard Setting
830(9)
Consensus Standards: Section 6(a)
831(1)
Standards Completion and Deletion Processes
832(1)
Permanent Standards: Section 6(b)
832(3)
Emergency Temporary Standards
835(1)
General Duty Clause, 5(a)(1)
835(1)
Feasibility and the Balancing Debate
836(3)
Variances
839(1)
Temporary Variances
839(1)
Permanent Variances
840(1)
Compliance and Inspections
840(7)
Field Structure
840(1)
Role of Inspections
841(1)
Training and Competence of Inspectors
842(1)
Citations, Fines, and Penalties
842(1)
OSHA Citation and Penalty Patterns
843(2)
Communicating and Enforcing Company Rules
845(1)
Warrantless Inspections: The Barlow Case
846(1)
Recordkeeping
847(3)
Accident Reports
847(1)
Monitoring and Medical Records
848(1)
Hazard Communication
849(1)
Access to Records
849(1)
Programmatic Standards
850(1)
Refusal to Work and Whistle-Blowing
850(2)
Refusal to Work
850(1)
Protection of Whistle-Blowing
850(2)
Federal and State Employees
852(1)
Federal Agencies
852(1)
State Employees
853(1)
State OSHA Programs
853(2)
Concept
853(1)
Critiques
854(1)
Consultation
855(1)
Education
855(1)
Alliances
856(1)
Overlapping Jurisdiction
856(1)
OSHRC
857(2)
OSHRC Appeal Process
858(1)
Limitations of the Commission
858(1)
NIOSH
859(1)
In Theory
859(1)
In Practice
859(1)
Hazard Communication Regulation
860(5)
Reason for the Regulation
860(1)
Scope and Components
861(1)
Hazard Evaluation
862(1)
Trade Secrets
863(1)
Federal Preemption Controversy
864(1)
Ergonomics Issues
865(3)
Background
866(1)
Scope of the Problem
866(1)
Scope of the Standard
867(1)
Legislation
868(1)
Environmental Management Systems and Environmental Law
Overview
869(3)
Legal Relevance of Environmental Management Systems
872(11)
Overview
872(1)
EMS, Enforcement Discretion, and Penalty Mitigation
873(3)
EMS and Regulatory Initiatives
876(3)
The Broader Context
879(2)
International Considerations
881(2)
Environmental Management Systems
883(15)
Review of Selected Provisions of ISO 14001 from a Legal Perspective
884(14)
Conclusion
898(1)
Research Sources
899(2)
Index 901